Database chapter 1 Terms
File
A collection of related records
Record
A logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing
Metadata
Data about data
Data dependence
Data access changes when data storage characteristics change
Data independence
Data storage characteristics is changed without affecting the program's ability to access the data
Knowledge
The body of information and facts about a specific subject
Enterprise database
When the database is used by the entire organization and supports many users (more than 50, usually hundred) across many departments
Database management system (DBMS)
a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database
Data Quality
a comprehensive approach to promoting the accuracy, validity, and timeliness of the data
Cloud database
a database that is created and maintained using cloud data services
Operational database
a database that is designed primarily to support a company's day-to-day operations
Distributed database
a database that supports data distributed across several different sites
Centralized database
a database that supports data located at a single site
Data management
a discipline that focuses on the proper generation, storage, and retrieval of data
Query language
a non procedural language - one that lets the user specify what must be done without having specify how
Online analytical processing (OLAP)
a set of tools that work together to provide an advanced data analysis environment for retrieving, processing, and modeling data from the data warehouse
Desktop database
a single-user database that runs on a personal computer
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
a special language used to represent and manipulate data elements in a textual format
Data warehouse
a specialized database that stores data in a format optimized for decision support
Structural dependence
access to a file is dependent on its structure
Discipline - specific database
contain data focused on specific subject areas
General-purpose database
contains a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines
Data processing specialist
creates a computer-based system that would track data and produce required reports
Unstructured data
data that exist in their original (raw) state
Business intelligence
describes a comprehensive approach to capture data process business data with the purpose of generating information to support business decision making
Data anomaly
develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made successfully
Data Inconsistency
exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places
Structural independence
exists when you can change the file structure without affecting the applications's ability to access the data
Analytical database
focuses primarily on storing historical data and business metrics used exclusively for tactical or strategic decision making
semistructured data
have already been processed to some extent
Data
raw facts
Performance tuning
relates to the activities that make the database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed
Islands of information
scattered data locations
Multiuser database
supports multiple users at the same time
Single-user database
supports only one user at a time
Structured Query Language
the def acto query language and data access standard supported by the majority of DBMS vendors
Structured data
the result of formatting unstructured data to facilitate storage, use, and the generation of information
Field
used to define and store data
Data dictionary
used to look up the required data component structures and relationships
Workgroup database
when the multiuser database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization
