Diagnostic Techniques in Counseling - Chapter 1
Which term did Carl Jung coin to describe sets of unusual and delayed responses that individuals had to the 156 stimulus words in his early word association tests? Complicated Complex Coerced Contrived
Complex
Which of the following assessment procedures could include the use of rating scales and classification methods? Clinical interview Personality testing Informal assessment Ability testing
Informal assessment
Yan is deciding which instruments to use for an informal assessment. She could use all but which of the following? Classification materials Rating scales Observation Interest inventories
Interest inventories
If Tilberg has a mental age of 9 and a chronological age of 10, Terman would state that his IQ was 0.111. 90 111 0.9.
90
Which of the following is NOT true regarding assessment? Assessment is a subset of testing. An interview, an observation, or personal documents may all be part of an assessment. It is the larger process of looking at multiple measures to draw a conclusion. Personality instruments that are objective and/or projective may be used.
Assessment is a subset of testing.
Who is known for coining the term mental test? Cattell Binet Wundt Darwin
Cattell
__________ thought that language ability was related to intelligence, while __________ thought that nonverbal ability, or sensory motor skills, was related to intelligence. Esquirol; Seguin Darwin; Wundt Wundt; Cattell Galton; Terman
Esquirol; Seguin
Penelope is a researching method that can capture what a person can do in the cognitive realm. Specifically she wants to utilize an assessment that supports the research of Frank Parsons. What contemporary test reflects that work? Woodworth's Personal Data Sheet The Stanford Achievement Test General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)
General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB)
Why is the Rorschach Inkblot test not considered a group test of ability? Group tests of ability tend to be multiple choice and true-false measures given to groups of people. Rorschach tests are objective and cannot separate from large groups. Researchers found that Rorschach tests were too standardized and could not be administered one on one. Answers from Rorschach tests tend to interpret a group's connectedness instead of an individual's reactions to the inkblot forms.
Group tests of ability tend to be multiple choice and true-false measures given to groups of people.
Alex is being seen for an assessment for mental health. She is very nervous about what she is going to be asked. She does not share a lot of information normally and is worried about how she is going to be viewed by the counselor. What is one question the counselor should consider when meeting with Alex? How am I invading Alex's right to privacy? Might this person be unfairly labeled from my testing? What if Alex gets upset with the questions I am asking? Can I skip certain issues and areas that I feel uncomfortable addressing?
Might this person be unfairly labeled from my testing?
Wansi is learning about the behaviors of soldiers who suffered from brain injuries. New screenings and diagnostic tools were created following WWI. What field developed in the twentieth century as individuals became more interested in the nature of the brain? Vocational counseling Achievement testing Innate ability Neuropsychology
Neuropsychology
If Omar was assessing a client's ability to perform eye-hand coordination tasks as a means of determining potential vocational placement, this would be an example of what kind of an assessment? Observation Classification method Environmental assessment Rating scales
Observation
As Akire begins to examine correlation coefficient, she should consult _____'s research whose work spurred others to develop this concept. Sir Francis Galton Edouard Seguin William Wundt Jean Esquirol
Sir Francis Galton
In 1912, Edward Thorndike published a study that examined the interests of 100 students as they progressed from elementary school through college. In 1922, J.B. Miner developed one of the first formal interest inventories to help high school students select occupations. How was the Strong Vocational Interest Blank, developed in the mid-1920's by Edward Strong, differ from Thorndike's and Miner's assessments? Strong's assessment led to the development of the GATB. Strong's assessment uses "yes" and "no" responses. Strong's assessment is often used in conjunction with multiple aptitude tests as part of the career counseling process. Strong's assessment led to the development of the MMPI.
Strong's assessment is often used in conjunction with multiple aptitude tests as part of the career counseling process.
As scientists tried to make sense of the relatively new theory of evolution and as they began to examine differences among people, a number of them began attributing these differences to genetics. This information was used to bolster support for the emerging Eugenics Movement, whose members espoused a belief in selective breeding in order to improve the human race. Which is one test used by Terman, Yenkes, and others to support the Eugenics Movement? The Army Alpha The Stanford Achievement Test The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
The Army Alpha
Which group of people was among the first to use a test for the selection of government employees? The Chinese The French The German The English
The Chinese
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the history and development of neuropsychological assessment? World War I prompted significant increases in screening and diagnostic measures for behavioral changes as a result of head injuries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and other medical techniques assisted in the development and improvement of modern neuropsychological assessment. The Romans were the first to associate regional head traumas with corresponding specific behavioral changes. Examining behavioral changes as a result of head trauma is documented by the Egyptians 5,000 years ago.
The Romans were the first to associate regional head traumas with corresponding specific behavioral changes.
Which of the following is not a group test of ability? The General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) The Rorschach The Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) Army Alpha
The Rorschach
Why was Binet hired by the French Ministry of Public Education? To administer group tests to help measure higher mental processes To segregate "subnormal" children in the classroom To review past assessment tests used in public education To create one of the first intelligence tests
To create one of the first intelligence tests
Why might someone participate in a "neuropsych" assessment? When it is suspected that there have been changes in the person's interests When a person is contemplating a career change When it is suspected that changes in brain functioning have occurred When a person needs a formal diagnosis
When it is suspected that changes in brain functioning have occurred
The first personality tests paralleled the development of rating scales. "neuropsych tests." informal assessment tests. ability tests.
ability tests.
Wilhelm Wundt set out to create a "new domain of science" that he called physiological psychology. He developed one of the first psychological laboratories that used experimental research. the mass use of tests in decision-making. the term intelligence quotient or "IQ." tests that could be of assistance in integrating what they called "subnormal" children into the schools.
experimental research
Neuropsychological assessments and individual intelligence tests are given one-to-one. In contrast, group tests of cognitive ability tend to be multiple-choice and true/false measures given to group of individuals simultaneously in an effort to assess the academic promise of each individual in the group. The most well-known cognitive ability test is the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) developed by James Bryant Conant who hoped that the SAT could identify the ability of individuals and ultimately help to equalize educational opportunities. acquire self-knowledge. support the Eugenics Movement. separate the social classes.
identify the ability of individuals and ultimately help to equalize educational opportunities.
In recent years, using _______ assessments as an alternative to traditional ________ assessments have become increasingly popular. performance-based; cognitive-based performance-based, personality inventory cognitive-based, performance-based cognitive-based, personality inventory
performance-based; cognitive-based
The assessment of ability captures what one has learned. what one is capable of learning. temperament, habits, likes, disposition, nature. what one can do.
what one can do.
