Digestive System

Peptic ulcers can be caused by regular use of ___________ and by ___________ infections

Anti-inflammatory drugs, bacterial

_____________ is in inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the stomach

Gastritis

bile is produced in the _________

liver

WHat are the two types of processes of digestion

mechanical and chemical

What is the inflammation of the appendix

appendicitis

What are the structural digestive system problems

appendicitis, peptic ulcer, gastritis

What is heart burn

A burning sensation in the center of the chest that may rise from the bottom,or tip,of the breast bone

What are the three processes done in the mouth

1) teeth break down food 2) tongue shapes food to be swallowed 3) enzymes break down sugars and starches in food

About____ percent of all nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine

90%

Defined the term peristalsis

A series of involuntary muscle contractions that moves food through the digestive tract

What is the function of the large intestine

Absorb water, vitamins, and salt and to eliminate waste

What is pepsin

An enzyme that digest protein

What is a digestive Juice produced by the liver

Bile

When nutrients enter the capillaries that line the small intestine they are carried throughout the body by_________ and ________ in the __________

Blood and lymph Cardiovascular system

The primary function of teeth is to __________________

Break the food you eat into smaller pieces

Explain what the symptoms of heartburn indicate

Can be a symptom of a hiatal hernia and may be an indication of more serious digestive disorders

The villi in the small intestine are lined with__________ that absorb nutrients

Capillaries

The pancreas produces enzymes that break down____,________,and______ in food

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

What systems play major roles in the digestive system

Cardiovascular and nervous system

I just ate food in the stomach is converted to_________, A creamy, fluid mixture of food and gastric juices

Chyme

________, an inflammation of the large intestine, maybe caused by bacterial or viral infection

Colitis

List the three main processes of the digestive system

Digestion absorption and elimination

What are the three parts of the small intestine

Duodenum,jejenum,and ileum

What are four factors that contribute to indigestion

Eating too quickly, eating too much, spicy foods,stress and stomach disorders, eating high fat foods

What is the muscular tube that connects the throat with the stomach

Esophagus

In what organs does peristalsis occur

Esophagus, stomach, intestines

Bio is important in the breakdown and absorption of ______

Fats

Bile is stored in the_____

Gallbladder

What are the functional digestive system problems

Gas,nausea,constipation,diarrhea, hiatal hernia,indigestion,heart burn

Regular physical activity in a diet high in fiber can help prevent _______

Hemorrhoids

______________ in the stomach kills bacteria and creates an acidic environment

Hydrochloric acid

When in appendix burst, ___________ can spread throughout the abdomen

Infection

______________is the first stage of digestion, is the taking of food into the body

Ingestion

Describe what happens during the Digestive process?

It begins in the mouth, then the process of peristalsis moves food through the esophagus to the stomach, then to the small intestine and finally to the large intestine where vitamins water and salt or absorbed in the remaining material is eliminated

People who are lactose intolerant do not produce enough __________, and enzyme that breaks down the sugar found in dairy products

Lactase

The______ produces the bile, but the __________ stores it

Liver produces Gallbladder stores

And eating plan that is ________ and _____ decreases a persons risk of developing colon cancer

Low in fat, high in fiber

What is the process of chewing, prepares food to be swallowed

Mastication

What are the three tasks that the stomach in digestion

Mixing food with gastric juices, storing swallowed food and liquid, and moving food into the small intestine

The digestive process begins in the_________

Mouth

The stomach is a saclike organ and closed in a _________

Muscular wall

The what triggers the digestive process

Nervous system

Which organ produces enzymes that break down food

Pancreas

After stats or dissolved by bile acids, they are digested by enzymes from the ________and_________

Pancreas and lining of the intestine

A ______________ is a sore in the lining of the digestive track

Peptic ulcer

Unabsorbed material leaves the small intestine in the form of liquid and fiber and moves by______into the ____________

Peristalsis into the large intestine

What is the function of peristalsis

Push food and fluids into each hollow organ God Riley😁 oh you got you got all that

The first digestive juices are produced by the____________

Salivary glands

What are gastric juices

Secretions from the stomach lining that contain hydrochloric acid and pepsin

Nutrients are absorbed through the inner wall of the ________

Small intestine

An enzyme in saliva begins to break down the____________ in food

Starches and sugars

What forms chewed food into a size and shape that can be swallowed

The tongue

What is the advantage of drinking fluids that contain electrolytes for diarrhea

They help maintain the bodies fluid and chemical balance

The inner wall of the small intestine contains millions of fingerlike projections called_______

Villi

Enzymes active indigestion or also secreted by glance in the intestinal_____

Wall

WHat is heartburn

a burning sensation in the center of the chest

what is chyme

a creamy, fluid mixture of food and gastric juices

WHat is indigestion

a feeling of discomfort in the upper abdomen

what happens in the stomach and esophagus during vomiting

a reflex makes the contents in the stomach come back up the esophagus and out of the mouth (sphincter relaxes)

What is peptic ulcer

a sore in the lining of the digestive tract

What is bile

a yellow green, bitter fluid important in the breakdown and absorption of fats

what is the passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the cardiovascular system

absorption

What is gastritis

an inflammation of the mucus membrane that lines the stomach

A gallstone can block the __________ between the small intestine and the gallbladder

bile

What is villi lined with

capillaries

WHat are some possible causes of diarrhea

changes in eating style overeating emotional turmoil nutritional deficiencies

WHat does the mechanical process involve

chewing, mashing, and breaking food into smaller pieces

What is the destruction of liver tissue, usually caused by prolonged and heavy alcohol

cirrhosis

What is a condition in which feces becomes dry and hard and bowel movements are difficult

constipation

What is a big concern with diarrhea, especially in infants and young children

dehydration

WHAt are three negative effects of continued use of laxatives

diarrhea abdominal cramp gas

What is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods for use by the body's cells

digestion

WHat does the chemical process involve

digestive juices that changes food into simpler substances

What is the expulsion of undigested food or body wastes

elimination

What is the flap of tissue covering the throat, closes the opening to the trachea to prevent food from entering the respiratory system

epiglottis

What are three ways to avoid constipation

follow a diet that includes fruits and vegetables, drink at least 8 8-oz glasses of water everyday, regular physical activity

cramps are _____________ problems

functional

bile is stored in the ___________

gallbladder

What are formed when cholesterol in bile crystallizes and blocks the bile duct between the small intestine and the gallbladder

gallstones

__________ causes cramps

gas in the stomach

What are secretions from the stomach lining that contain hydrochloric acid and pepsin

gastric juices

What is a burning sensation in the center of the chest that may rise from the bottom, or tip, of the breastbone up to the throat

heartburn

what are veins in the rectum and anus that are swollen as a result of increased pressure

hemorrhoids

What is a condition in which part of the stomach pushes through an opening in the diaphragm

hiatal hernia

Crohn's disease, which causes inflammation of the lining of the digestive track, seems to be associated with problems of the __________ system

immune

What is a feeling of discomfort in the upper abdomen

indigestion

WHat is Crohn's disease

inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract

WHat is when people don't produce enough lactase, so undigested lactose remains in the small intestine

lactose intolerance

What produces enzymes that break down the carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in food

pancreas

which organ produces three enzymes that break down food

pancreas

what is a series of involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract

peristalsis

Gastric juices in the stomach contain pepsin, and enzyme that breaks down what?

protein

A _____________ muscle at the entrance to the stomach allows food to move from the esophagus into the stomach

sphincter

is functional or structural problems more serious

structural

what is nausea

the feeling of discomfort that sometimes precedes vomiting

wHat is appendicitis

the inflammation of the appendix

What is mastication

the process of chewing

What is a small flap of muscular tissue at the back of the mouth, closes the opening of the nasal passages

uvula

the inner wall of the small intestine contains millions of fingerlike projections called ______

villi