Digestive System - True/False

True (27)

A defecation sensation that may occur after eating a meal is an expression of the gastrocolic reflex

True (2)

Abosrbed molecules of food enter either the circulatory or the lymphatic system

False Soft palate/uvula are drawn upward closing nasopharynx

As one swallows, the palatal rugae and the uvula are drawn upward, closing the nasopharynx

False In addition to passing down into the duodenum, bile can be forced back up the cystic duct to the gallbladder for storage when the small intestine is empty of food.

Bile can pass only one way through the cystic duct

False Bile flows sequentially through the bile canaliculi, bile ducts, and hepatic ducts

Bile produced by the hepatocytes flows sequentially through the bile canaliculi, hepatic ducts, and finally the bile ducts.

True (35)

By the sixth week of development the liver is producing red blood cells; at the ninth week the liver represents 10% of the total weight of the fetus.

False elevation of uvula prevents food/fluid from entering nasopharynx

Elevation of the uvula prevents food or fluid from entering the glottis

False 2nd/3rd stages of deglutition are involuntary processes

Mastication and deglutition are totally voluntary processes, whereas peristalsis is an involuntary process.

False There are three distinct types of movement: rhythmic segmentation, peristalsis, and pendular movements.

Peristalsis is the only action that moves chyme through the small intestine

False Increases secretions

Stimulation of the parasympathetic fibers to the GI tract decreases peristalsis and intestinal secretions

False Gut is an anatomical term that generally refers to the developing stomach and intestines in the embryo.

Term gut is synonym for viscera

True (23)

The appendix is a fingerlike projection extending from the cecum.

False the common bile duct & pancreatic duct unite to form a common entry into the duodenum called the hepatopancratic ampulla

The duodenum receives bile through an opening from the common bile duct and pancreatic juice through an opening from the pancreatic duct.

True (10)

The formula for permanent dentition in humans is I2/2, Cl/1, P2/2, M3/3 = 16 X 2 = 32 teeth.

False internal anal sphincter is composed of smooth muscle fibers

The internal anal sphincter, composed of skeletal muscle fibers, guards the opening of the anal canal.

False The pancreas is a mixed gland, but the liver is not a mixed gland.

The liver and pancreas are considered mixed glands because they have both endocrine and exocrine functions.

False The principal function of the gallbladder is to store and concentrate bile

The principal function of the gallbladder is to detoxify bile before it is released into the duodenum.

True (13)

The sensation of "heartburn" results when gastric juice is regurgitated into the esophagus

True (16)

There are three layers of the muscularis in the stomach wall and only two layers of the muscularis in the intestinal wall.

False Filiform papillae are most numerous type of papillae

Vallate papillae are the most numerous of the three types of papillae

True (1)

ingested food must be digested before it can be absorbed

False all salivary glands contain serous/mucous secretory cells

the submandibular glands contain only serous secretory cells

True (20)

Absorbed fat from the lumen of the small intestine enters the central lacteals to be transported through the thoracic duct of the lymphatic system.

True (33)

All but a portion of the head of the pancreas is positioned retroperitoneally.

True (28)

Relaxation of the internal anal sphincter in the defecation reflex permits movement of feces into the anal canal

False The GI tract begins at the mouth and extends to the anus.

The GI tract is approximately 9 m (30 ft) long, beginning at the esophagus and ending at the anal canal.

True (34)

The entire GI tract, from the mouth to the anus, is derived from endoderm.

True (12)

The esophagus is a collapsible muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach.

False ileum is the longest portion of the small intestine

The jejunum is the longest portion of the small intestine

False thin layer of c.t. part of mucosa

The lamina propria is a tunic, or layer, of the GI tract located between the submucosa and the muscularis

False Regularly occuring mass movements usually occur during or shortly after a meal.

The regularly occurring mass movement of the large intestine corresponds with the entrance of chyme through the ileocecal valve.

False the taeniae coli are longitudinal bands of muscle that run the length of the large intestine.

The taeniae coli are circular bands of smooth muscle that separate the haustra of the large intestine

False Tongue composed of skeletal muscle w/mucouse membrane

The tongue is a mass of smooth muscles covered by a mucous epithelial membrane.

False small instestine receives blood thru superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk

The total arterial blood supply to the small intestine comes through the superior mesenteric artery.

False microvilli compose the brush borther within small intestine

The villi compose the brush border within the small intestine