DNA

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Wat are the three types of RNA?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA)

______ proofread and correct the mistakes.

Enzymes

New cells will need ________ DNA strands.

Identical

Why do the nitrogenous bases stick together?

They attract each other because of hydrogen bonds.

What are the four bases in RNA?

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

What are the four bases in DNA?

Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

What are purines?

Double ring bases

When is DNA copied?

During the S or synthesis phase of interphase.

________ chromosomes have many bubbles.

Eukaryotic

How many bases are in RNA?

Four

In RNA Cytosine attracts to ____.

Guanine

What is the G in DNA?

Guanine

What enzyme breaks the bonds between the base nucleotides?

Helicases

What are pyrimdines?

Single ring bases

True or False: Hydrogen Bonds are weak.

TRUE

True or False: There are millions and millions of hydrogen bonds in a single molecule of DNA.

TRUE

Adenine and Guanine each have ___ rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms.

TWO

How is DNA converted into RNA?

Transcription

What does the type of RNA, TRANSFER RNA do?

Transfer amino acids to the ribsomes where protiens are synthesized

In RNA Adenine attracts to ____.

Uracil

DNA is often called the ____ of life?

blue print

The order of the nucleotides detirmine an organism's ______.

genetic code

The production of proteinds use the ____.

genetic code

DNA contains the instructions to making ____ within the cell.

protein

What does Transcription do?

Makes an RNA molecule complenmentry to a portion of DNA

What attracts to Thymine?

Adenine

What is the A in DNA?

Adenine

A strand of DNA has many millions of ______.

Nucleotides

DNA is made up of subunits called _______.

Nucleotides

________ chromosomes have a single bubble.

Prokaryotes

Adenine and Guanine are what kind of base?

Purines

As the TWO DNA strands open what forms?

Replication Bubbles

What is RNA?

Ribonucleic Acid

What shape do Replication Forks form?

Y

DNA differs from RNA RNA contains the base 1. _____ DNA contains the base 2. _____

1. Uracil (U) 2. Thymine (T)

What does the type of RNA, MESSNGER RNA, do?

Carries genitic information to the ribsomes

Where are our genes located?

Chromosomes

What attracts to Guanine?

Cytosine

What is the C in DNA?

Cytosine

Once the DNA has been seperated into 2 strands, another enzyme, ____________, reads the DNA strand and attaches the correct base nucleotide.

DNA Polymerase

What is the T in DNA?

Thymine

The new error rate for DNA that has been proofread is _____________ base pairing errors.

1 in 1 billion

A 1.___________ sequence that converts into an 2._______ sequence that forms 3. _______

1. DNA Nucleotides 2. Amino Acids 3. Proteins

What three things make up nucleotides?

1. Phosphate Group 2. 5-Carbon Sugar- Deoxyribose 3. Nitrogenous Base

One strand of DNA is a 1. ______ of 2. ______.

1. Polymer 2. Nucleotides

DNA differs from RNA RNA has a sugar 1. _____ DNA has a sugar 2. _____

1. Ribose 2. Deoxyribose

DNA differs from RNA RNA molecule is 1. ______ stranded DNA molecule is 2. ______ stranded

1. Single 2. Double

How many bases does DNA have?

4

The twisted ladder shape of DNA is called ____.

A double-helix. (2 stranded)

What grows at the replication forks?

A new strand of DNA

The basic shape of DNA is?

A twisted ladder or zipper

What does the type of RNA, RIBOSOMAL RNA do?

Along with protien, makes up the ribsomes

DNA has to be _____before a cell divides.

Copied

Chromosomes are made up of the molecule ___.

DNA

What is the pathway to making a protien?

DNA ~> mRNA ~> tRNA (ribosomes) ~> PROTEIN

What does DNA stand for?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Thymine and Cystosine each have ___ ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms.

ONE

DNA is a very long _____.

Polymer

Thymine and Cystosine are what kind of base?

Pyrimdines

What are the two KINDS of bases in DNA?

Pyrimdines and Purines

When two strands open during DNA replication what is formed?

Replication Forks


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