DNA
Wat are the three types of RNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
______ proofread and correct the mistakes.
Enzymes
New cells will need ________ DNA strands.
Identical
Why do the nitrogenous bases stick together?
They attract each other because of hydrogen bonds.
What are the four bases in RNA?
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
What are the four bases in DNA?
Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
What are purines?
Double ring bases
When is DNA copied?
During the S or synthesis phase of interphase.
________ chromosomes have many bubbles.
Eukaryotic
How many bases are in RNA?
Four
In RNA Cytosine attracts to ____.
Guanine
What is the G in DNA?
Guanine
What enzyme breaks the bonds between the base nucleotides?
Helicases
What are pyrimdines?
Single ring bases
True or False: Hydrogen Bonds are weak.
TRUE
True or False: There are millions and millions of hydrogen bonds in a single molecule of DNA.
TRUE
Adenine and Guanine each have ___ rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms.
TWO
How is DNA converted into RNA?
Transcription
What does the type of RNA, TRANSFER RNA do?
Transfer amino acids to the ribsomes where protiens are synthesized
In RNA Adenine attracts to ____.
Uracil
DNA is often called the ____ of life?
blue print
The order of the nucleotides detirmine an organism's ______.
genetic code
The production of proteinds use the ____.
genetic code
DNA contains the instructions to making ____ within the cell.
protein
What does Transcription do?
Makes an RNA molecule complenmentry to a portion of DNA
What attracts to Thymine?
Adenine
What is the A in DNA?
Adenine
A strand of DNA has many millions of ______.
Nucleotides
DNA is made up of subunits called _______.
Nucleotides
________ chromosomes have a single bubble.
Prokaryotes
Adenine and Guanine are what kind of base?
Purines
As the TWO DNA strands open what forms?
Replication Bubbles
What is RNA?
Ribonucleic Acid
What shape do Replication Forks form?
Y
DNA differs from RNA RNA contains the base 1. _____ DNA contains the base 2. _____
1. Uracil (U) 2. Thymine (T)
What does the type of RNA, MESSNGER RNA, do?
Carries genitic information to the ribsomes
Where are our genes located?
Chromosomes
What attracts to Guanine?
Cytosine
What is the C in DNA?
Cytosine
Once the DNA has been seperated into 2 strands, another enzyme, ____________, reads the DNA strand and attaches the correct base nucleotide.
DNA Polymerase
What is the T in DNA?
Thymine
The new error rate for DNA that has been proofread is _____________ base pairing errors.
1 in 1 billion
A 1.___________ sequence that converts into an 2._______ sequence that forms 3. _______
1. DNA Nucleotides 2. Amino Acids 3. Proteins
What three things make up nucleotides?
1. Phosphate Group 2. 5-Carbon Sugar- Deoxyribose 3. Nitrogenous Base
One strand of DNA is a 1. ______ of 2. ______.
1. Polymer 2. Nucleotides
DNA differs from RNA RNA has a sugar 1. _____ DNA has a sugar 2. _____
1. Ribose 2. Deoxyribose
DNA differs from RNA RNA molecule is 1. ______ stranded DNA molecule is 2. ______ stranded
1. Single 2. Double
How many bases does DNA have?
4
The twisted ladder shape of DNA is called ____.
A double-helix. (2 stranded)
What grows at the replication forks?
A new strand of DNA
The basic shape of DNA is?
A twisted ladder or zipper
What does the type of RNA, RIBOSOMAL RNA do?
Along with protien, makes up the ribsomes
DNA has to be _____before a cell divides.
Copied
Chromosomes are made up of the molecule ___.
DNA
What is the pathway to making a protien?
DNA ~> mRNA ~> tRNA (ribosomes) ~> PROTEIN
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Thymine and Cystosine each have ___ ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms.
ONE
DNA is a very long _____.
Polymer
Thymine and Cystosine are what kind of base?
Pyrimdines
What are the two KINDS of bases in DNA?
Pyrimdines and Purines
When two strands open during DNA replication what is formed?
Replication Forks