Document 17 Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens
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Modus Ponens
"mode that affirms" - the affirmative way
Modus Tollens
"mode that denies" - denying the consequent
Example of Modus Ponens
If I'm in the Sakowich Center, then I'm in Massachusetts. I'm in the Sakowich Center. Therefore, I'm in Massachusetts.
Example of Modus Tollens
If I'm in the Sakowich Center, then Im in Massachusetts. I'm not in Massachusetts. Therefore, I'm not in the Sakowich Center.
-->
Implies; then
~
Negation; not
. . .
Therefore
Solipsism
theory that the self is all that can be known to exist