Dsim chapter 2
A(n) Blank______ process uses a systematic approach in an attempt to improve business effectiveness and efficiency
static
What measures the amount of time visitors spend on a website or application?
stickiness
______ business processes are dynamic, nonroutine, long-term business processes such as financial planning, expansion strategies, and stakeholder interactions
strategic
What are dynamic, nonroutine, long-term business processes such as financial planning, expansion strategies, and stakeholder interactions?
strategic business processes
Business facing process definition
strategic planning, tactical planning, budget forecasting, training, purchasing raw materials
Operational decisions are considered __________ decisions, which arise in situations where established processes offer potential solutions.
structured
Which decisions arise in situations where established processes offer potential solutions
structured
A(n)_______ lane layout arranges the steps of a business process into a set of rows depicting the various elements.
swim
An open ______ consists of nonproprietary hardware and software based on publicly known standards that allows third parties to create add-on products to plug into or interoperate with the system.
system
A cyborg anthropologist is an individual who studies the interaction between humans and ______, observing how technology can shape humans' lives
technology
machine vision
the ability of a computer to "see" by digitizing an image, processing the data it contains, and taking some kind of action
machine vision sensitivity
the ability of a machine to see in dim light or to detect weak impulses at invisible wavelengths
machine vision resolution
the extent to which a machine can differentiate between objects
Stickiness measures the amount of ______ visitors spend on a website or application
time
______ data encompasses all raw facts contained within a single process and its purpose is to support daily operational tasks.
transactional
What type of information encompasses all the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of daily operational or structured decisions?
transactional information
Transfer machine learning
transferring information from one machine learning task to another
______ occurs when a machine learning model has poor predictive abilities because it did not learn the complexity in the training data.
underfitting
BPMN gateway
used to control the flow of a process
Select two terms for content created and updated by many users for many users.
user generated contenc user contributed content
static process
uses a systematic approach in an attempt to improve business effectiveness and efficiency continuously
A(n) ___________ allows people at two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously as well as share documents, data, computer displays, and whiteboards
videoconference
_____ produces graphical displays of patterns and complex relationships in large amounts of data
visualization
______ includes the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute each step in a business process.
workflow
________ control systems monitor processes to ensure tasks, activities, and responsibilities areexecuted as specified.
workflow
the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute each step in a business process
workflow
What monitors processes to ensure tasks, activities, and responsibilities are executed as specified?
workflow control system
Select the three primary decision-making challenges facing managers today. Multiple select question.
Manager must make decisions quickly Managers must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as Porter's strategies or forecasting, to make strategic decisions Managers need to analyze large amounts of information
What are semidynamic, semiroutine, monthly business processes such as resource allocation,sales strategy, or manufacturing process improvements?
Managerial business processes
What is a website or web application that uses content from more than one source to create a completely new product or service?
Mashup
Underfitting
Occurs when a machine learning model has poor predictive abilities because it did not learn the complexity in the training data
Customer facing process
Ordering processing, customer service, sales process, customer billing, order shipping
What occurs when a system updates information at the same rate it receives it?
Real-Time communication
What is content that is designed to be easy for readers to consume and to share?
Snackable content
what are the tree types of machine learning?
Supervised, unsupervised, and transfer machine learning
What are specific keywords or phrases incorporated into website content for means of classification or taxonomy?
Tags
What describes niche-market ebusiness strategies that capture the tail of a typical sales curve?
The long tail
overfitting
The process of fitting a model too closely to the training data for the model to be effective on other data.
three interactivity measurements
Time spent viewing the ad Number of repeat visits to the advertisement Number of pages viewed
What models show the results of applying change improvement opportunities to the current process model?
To-Be process models
Supervised Machine Learning
Training a model from input data and its corresponding labels.
Unsupervised Machine Learning
Training a model to find patterns in a data set, typically an unlabeled data set. The most common use of unsupervised machine learning is to cluster data into groups of similar examples. For example, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm can cluster songs together based on various properties of the music. The resulting clusters can become an input to other machine learning algorithms (for example, to a music recommendation service). Clustering can be helpful in domains where true labels are hard to obtain. For example, in domains such as anti-abuse and fraud, clusters can help humans better understand the data. Another example of unsupervised machine learning is principal component analysis (PCA). For example, applying PCA on a data set containing the contents of millions of shopping carts might reveal that shopping carts containing lemons frequently also contain antacids. Compare with supervised machine learning.
What is created and updated by many users for many users?
User contributed content
What is a term to refer to the World Wide Web during its years of operation between 1991 and 2003?
Web 1.0
Select the term representing the next generation of Internet use — a distinctive communications platform characterized by new qualities, such as collaboration and sharing
Web 2.0
What blends videoconferencing with document sharing and allows the user to deliver a presentation over the web to a group of geographically dispersed participants?
Web conferencing
What is a type of collaborative web page that allows users to add, remove, and change content, which can be easily organized and reorganized as required?
Wiki
What is a simplified representation or abstraction of reality?
a Model
prejudice, bias
a result of training data that is influenced by cultural or other stereotypes
autonomous robotic
a robot capable of making its own decisions and perform an action accordingly
model
a simplified representation or abstraction of reality
BPMN activity
a task in a business process
What compasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of managerial analysis or semistructured decisions
analytical data
______ information encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of managerial analysis or semistructured decisions.
analytical information
BPMN event
anything that happens during the course of a business process
Swim lane layout
arranges the steps of a business process into a set of rows depicting the various elements
______ intelligence simulates human thinking and behavior, such as the ability to reason and learn
artificial
What is the process of computerizing manual tasks, making them more efficient and effective and dramatically lowering operational costs?
automation
Regardless of what process is measured, how it is measured, and whether it is performed for the sake of efficiency or effectiveness, managers must set Blank______, or baseline values the system seeks to attain.
benchmarks
A(n) ______ (one word) is an online journal that allows users to post their own comments, graphics, and video.
blog
What occurs when resources reach full capacity and cannot handle any additional demands; they limit throughput and impede operations?
bottlenecks
A(n) ______ model is a plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues.
business
A(n) ______ process model is a graphic description of a process, showing the sequence of process tasks, which is developed for a specific purpose and from a selected viewpoint.
business
A(n) ______ process patent protects a specific set of procedures for conducting a particular business activity.
business
Business-to-______ applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the Internet
business
What are invisible to the external customer but essential to the effective management of the business?
business facing process
plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues
business model
______ process modeling is the activity of creating a detailed flowchart or process map of a work process that shows its inputs, tasks, and activities in a structured sequence.
business process
a graphical notation that depicts the steps in a business process
business process model and notation
What protects a specific set of procedures for conducting a particular business activity?
business process patent
core processes
business processes, such as manufacturing goods, selling products, and providing service, that make up the primary activities in a value chain
Which term applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the Internet?
business-to-business
dynamic process examples
changing order levels based on currency rates
A(n)Blank______ system is a set of tools that supports the work of teams or groups by facilitating the sharing and flow of information.
collaboration
Real-time ______ occurs when a system updates information at the same rate it receives it.
communication
______ management systems help companies manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of their website content.
content
What helps companies manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of their website content?
content management systems
dynamic process
continuously changing and provides business solutions to ever-changing business operations
podcasting
converts an audio broadcast to a digital music player. Podcasts can increase marketing reach and build customer loyalty
______ (one word) processes are business processes, such as manufacturing goods, selling products, and providing service, that make up the primary activities in a value chain.
core
static process example
creating financial statements running payroll calculating taxes
accounting and finance is associated with what business process?
creating financial statements, paying of accounts payable, collecting of accounts receivable
What refers to the wisdom of the crowd?
crowd sourcing
______-facing processes result in a product or service received by an organization's external customer.
customer
Mass ______ is the ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to the customers' specifications
customization
What is an individual who studies the interaction between humans and technology, observing how technology can shape humans' lives?
cyborg anthropologist
______ time is the time required to process an order
cycle
What is the time required to process an order?
cycle time
What is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone?
data mining
What uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making?
data mining tools
What is the process of collecting statistics and information about data in an existing source?
data profling
Problem Identification
define the problem as clearly and precisely as possible
solution generation
detail every solution possible, including ideas that seem farfetched
______ Darwinism implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction.
digital
What implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction?
digital darwinism
What is the automation of existing manual and paper-based processes and workflows to a digital format?
digitization
BPMN flow
displays the path in which the process flows (represented by arrows)
A(n) ______ technology is a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers
disruptive
MIS choices should not
drive business process
______ MIS metrics measure the performance of MIS itself, such as throughput, transaction speed, and system availability.
efficiency
What involves the use of strategies and technologies to transform government(s) by improving the delivery of services and enhancing the quality of interaction between the citizen-consumer within all branches of government?
egovernment
A search ______ is website software that finds other pages based on keyword matching similar to Google
engine
solution test
evaluate solutions in terms of feasibility (can it be completed?), suitability (is it a permanent or temporary fix?), and acceptability (can all participants form a consensus?)
A(n) ______ information system is a specialized DSS that supports senior-level executives and unstructured, long-term, nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation,and insight.
executive
What is a specialized DSS that supports senior-level executives and unstructured, long-term, nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation,and insight?
executive information system
Data Collection
gather problem-related data, including who, what, where, when, why, and how. Be sure to gather facts, not rumors or opinions about the problem
______ refers to the level of detail in the model or the decision-making process.
granularity
Business process ______ attempts to understand and measure the current process and make performance improvements accordingly.
imporvement
streamlining
improves business process efficiencies by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
workflow
includes the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute each step in a business process
What refers to the depth and breadth of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio, or video information
information richness
What measures advertising effectiveness by counting visitor interactions with the target ad?
interactivity
A(n) ______ service provider is a company that provides access to the Internet for a monthly fee
internet
The ______ is a massive network that connects computers all over the world and allows them to communicate with one another.
internet
What is a massive network that connects computers all over the world and allows them to communicate with one another?
internet
What is another name for the deep web?
invisible web
variance bias
is a mathematical property of an algorithm; this is the only bias not associated with the input or training data
Chris Anderson, editor-in-chief of Wired magazine, describes niche-market ebusiness strategies as capturing the ______ tail, referring to the tail of a typical sales curve
long
What is a type of artificial intelligence that enables computers to both understand concepts in the environment, and also to learn?
machine learning
machine learning
machines are able to act without human programs detailing how to perform tasks. Machine learning is one of the scary terms in AI as it points to a future where AI robots could have the possibility of being smarter than humans
At the ______ level, employees are continuously evaluating company operations to hone the firm's abilities to identify, adapt to, and leverage change. Multiple choice question.
managerial
At which level are employees continuously evaluating company operations to hone the firm's abilities to identify, adapt to, and leverage change?
managerial
______ business processes are semidynamic, semiroutine, monthly business processes such as resource allocation,sales strategy, or manufacturing process improvements.(Remember to type only one word.
managerial
Automation is the process of computerizing Blank______ tasks, making them more efficient and effective and dramatically lowering operational costs.
manual
Digitization is the automation of existing ______ and paper-based processes and workflows to a digital format.
manual
What is the ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to the customers' specifications?
mass customization
Data ______ tools use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making.
mining
Business process ______ and notation is a graphical notation that depicts the steps in a business process.
model
measurement bias
occurs when there is a problem with the data collected that skews the data in one direction.
MIS choices and should be based
on business strategies and goals
What consists of nonproprietary hardware and software based on publicly known standards that allows third parties to create add-on products to plug into or interoperate with the system?
open system
At the Blank______ level, employees develop, control, and maintain core business activities required to run the day-to-day operations.
operational
What type of decisions affect how the firm is run from day to day; they are the domain of operations managers, who are the closest to the customer?
operational
______ decisions affect how the firm is run from day to day; they are the domain of operations managers, who are the closest to the customer.
operational
________ business processes are static, routine, daily business processes such as stocking inventory, checking out customers, or daily opening and closing processes.
operational
What processes are static, routine, daily business processes such as stocking inventory, checking out customers, or daily opening and closing processes?
operational business processes
At what level do employees develop, control, and maintain core business activities required to run the day-to-day operation?
operational level
_______ analytics makes analytics part of a business process.
operationalized
What makes analytics part of a business process?
operationalized analytics
operations management is associated with what business process?
ordering inventory, creating production schedules, manufacturing goods
What occurs when a machine learning model matches the training data so closely that the model fails to make correct predictions on new data?
overfitting
What converts an audio broadcast to a digital music player?
podcasting
Robotic ______ automation is the use of software with artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities to handle high-volume, repeatable tasks that previously required a human to perform.
process
Data ______ is the process of collecting statistics and information about data in an existing source
profling
Which company used business process reengineering to create a competitive advantage?
progressive insurance
A ______ is a temporary activity a company undertakes to create a unique product, service, or result.
project
marketing and sales is associated with what business process?
promoting of discounts, communicating marketing campaigns, attracting customers, processing sales
What occurs when a system updates information at the same rate it receives it?
real time communication
______ occurs when a task or activity is unnecessarily repeated. Multiple choice question.
redundancy
Business process Blank______ is the analysis and redesign of workflow within and between enterprises.
reengineering
Information ______ refers to the depth and breadth of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio, or video information
richness
Information ______ refers to the depth and breadth of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio, or video information.
richness
What is the use of software with artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities to handle high-volume, repeatable tasks that previously required a human to perform?
robotic process automation
What is a problem with using incorrect training data to the train the machine?
sample bias
What is website software that finds other pages based on keyword matching similar to Google?
search engine
List the steps in the decision making process
1. problem identification 2. data collection 3. solution generation 4. solution test 5. solution selection 6. solution implementation
sample bias
A bias that may occur when research participants are unrepresentative of the larger population.
______ process models represent the current state of the operation that has been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes.
As-is
the three primary types of business process change
Automation - streamlining - reengineering
What applies to any business that sells its products or services directly to consumers online?
B2C
industry specific facing processes
Banking-loan processing, insurance-claims processing, government-grant allocations, hotels-reservation handling, airline-baggage handling
What are also known as baseline values that the system seeks to attain?
Benchmarks
Consumer-to-______ applies to any consumer who sells a product or service to a business on the Internet.
Business
What attempts to understand and measure the current process and make performance improvements accordingly?
Business process improvement
What is a graphic description of a process, showing the sequence of process tasks, which is developed for a specific purpose and from a selected viewpoint?
Business process model
What is the analysis and redesign of workflow within and between enterprises?
Business process reengineering
What applies to customers offering goods and services to each other on the Internet?
C2C
Business-to-______ applies to any business that sells its products or services directly to consumers online
Consumer
What applies to any consumer who sells a product or service to a business on the Internet?
Consumer-to-Business
______ refers to the wisdom of the crowd.
Crowdsourcing
What occurs when adding additional training examples by transforming existing examples?
Data augmentation
informational data
Data available for analysis purposes.
What is the large part of the Internet that is inaccessible to conventional search engines?
Deep Web
What is a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers?
Disruptive technology
Which metrics measure the performance of MIS itself, such as throughput, transaction speed, and system availability?
Efficiency MIS Metrics
transactional data
Encompasses all of the data contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks
analytical data
Encompasses all organizational data, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks
Three purposes of a business process model
Expose process detail gradually and in a controlled manner Focus attention on the process model interfaces Encourage conciseness and accuracy in describing the process model
True or false: The choices made by MIS should dictate the business processes of a company
False
True or false: Collaboration content is content that is designed to be easy for readers to consume and to share. Collaboration content captures website visitors' attention by offering small consumable pieces of information that can be quickly read and understood.
False (stackable content)
Human Resources is associated with what business process?
Hiring employees, enrolling employees in health care, Tracking vacation and sick time
The three benefits and organization can identify by investigating business processes
Identify bottlenecks remove redundant tasks recognize smooth-running processes
Business facing process
Invisible to the external customer but essential to the effective management of the business
three opportunities managers can identify when focusing on reengineering
Is it crucial for productivity improvement Is the processes broken Will savings from automation be clearly visible
