Early Ed--Section One

Maurizio relies on the collective wisdom and moral guidelines of society when making a difficult decision about how to begin a discussion with a parent he suspects of mild, but insidious racism. What is he employing here to help him make this decision? a. A code of ethics b. Developmentally appropriate practices c. A career lattice d. Standards and competencies

a. A code of ethics

Chris has a regular meeting once a week to plan curricula and set goals with their colleagues. What type of meeting is this? a. A staff meeting b. A home visit c. A professional meeting d. A family education meeting

a. A staff meeting

Which medical professional contributed to our current understanding of child development with suggesting mothers use the playpen less and allow children to explore their environment? a. Benjamin Spock b. Maria Montessori c. Arnold Gesell d. Sigmund Freud

a. Benjamin Spock

As a consistent theme of early childhood education, the importance and uniqueness of childhood is illustrated by which statement? a. Children learn by discovery. b. Children excel when there is pressure to succeed. c. Children do not need play to develop. d. Children respond best through rewards and punishments.

a. Children learn by discovery.

The practice of keeping a teacher and the same group of children together in the same class for at least two years is called looping. What is another term used for this practice? a. Continuity of care b. Mixed-age grouping c. Child-directed education d. Teacher-directed education

a. Continuity of care

What is NOT an example of intentional teaching? a. Forming a code of ethics b. Careful lesson planning c. Setting individual educational goals d. Choosing materials that will inspire students

a. Forming a code of ethics

Booker T. Washington, born into slavery, emphasized that a path to liberation for Black individuals must include _____. Select all that apply. a. Practical education b. Religious training c. Parental role models d. Community corrections e. Intercultural understanding

a. Practical education

What concept involves setting aside the lesson plan to consider the deeper meaning of teaching? a. Reflective teaching b. Cultural competence c. Intentional teaching d. Feedback loop

a. Reflective teaching

The curriculum for infant/toddler care programs is focused around: a. caregiving routines. b. standardized testing. c. independent experimentation. d. educational spaces.

a. caregiving routines.

Froebel believed that early educational experiences should be a "child's garden," which is best described as a(n): a. environment full of pleasant discoveries. b. outdoor space to learn about nature and the world. c. make-believe world created by each child. d. safe and structured program organized and led by adults.

a. environment full of pleasant discoveries.

The most productive program evaluations set goals, are inclusive, define expectations, define the objectives, and: a. use an evaluation instrument. b. are conducted by outside agencies. c. are published and standardized. d. focus on open-ended discussion.

a. use an evaluation instrument.

Jessalyn, an early childhood educator, is about to attend a meeting for the first time. In this case, the meeting is mandated by a regulatory agency. She is prepared for some adjustments in her expectations when she gets there; it may go well, but it also might involve unforeseen challenges entirely unrelated to the curriculum. What type of meeting is this most likely to be? a. A staff meeting b. A home visit c. A professional meeting d. A family education meeting

b. A home visit

What type of assessment is specifically designed to relate to a person's family's culture? a. Performance-based assessments b. Authentic assessments c. Portfolio-based assessments d. Competency-based assessments

b. Authentic assessments

What type of assessment may be administered in a language the teacher does not speak? a. Performance-based assessments b. Authentic assessments c. Portfolio-based assessments d. Competency-based assessments

b. Authentic assessments

What is the best classification for a parent cooperative preschool? a. Government-regulated laboratory program b. Educational program for parent and child c. Setting for primary academic instruction d. Family childcare home or childcare center

b. Educational program for parent and child

The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) has defined the standards for high-quality early learning. Which of the four major themes in early childhood education does this work reflect? a. Ethic of social reform b. Importance of childhood c. Transmission of values d. Professionalism

b. Importance of childhood

A childcare director is concerned about the interactions during drop off and pick up with the staff and families of the students. Which of the following topics would the director want to ensure the evaluation instrument was assessing? a. Curriculum b. Relationships c. Physical environment d. Overall program

b. Relationships

An early childhood teacher is conducting a program evaluation at a childcare center to determine whether story time is achieving the goal of increasing interest in books for the three-year-old classroom. What is the teacher interested in evaluating? a. Materials and equipment b. Student curriculum c. Classroom environment d. Teacher effectiveness

b. Student curriculum

The quality of what single factor has the greatest impact on children's learning and development? a. Curriculum b. Teaching staff c. Assessments d. Environmental setting

b. Teaching staff

During the European Renaissance and Reformation, an increased concern for the common person led to a push toward: a. punitive education. b. universal education. c. early trade schools. d. secondary schools.

b. universal education

An educational progressive philosophy in America emphasizing a child-centered approach advocated that children learn best: a. using standardized curricula. b. when they are highly motivated. c. when they are engaged in abstract thinking. d. using rote memorization.

b. when they are highly motivated.

Franklin is experiencing teacher burnout. What is largely true of burnout in teachers? a. Burnout happens when teachers do not care enough about their job. b. Burnout occurs when a teacher's workload is not challenging or demanding enough. c. Burnout can be caused when teachers are not adequately compensated for their work. d. Burnout is not serious problem that would make a teacher leave their job.

c. Burnout can be caused when teachers are not adequately compensated for their work.

An early childhood teacher is conducting a program evaluation at a childcare center to determine whether backpacks are creating a safety hazard. What is the teacher interested in evaluating? a. Teacher effectiveness b. Student curriculum c. Classroom environment d. Materials and equipment

c. Classroom environment

Which of the following is NOT a similarity between early childhood teaching and teaching older children? a. A rich, diverse curriculum b. Long hours c. Competitive, generous pay d. Job satisfaction

c. Competitive, generous pay

During center time, a teacher steps in to support two students who are having a difficult time taking turns. The teacher reminds the students of the school family that they are a part of and supports the students in solving the problem. Which of the following strategies to support Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) is this teacher utilizing? a. Engaging in reciprocal partnerships with families and fostering community connections b. Teaching to enhance each child's development and learning c. Creating a caring, equitable community of learners d. Observing, documenting, and assessing children's development and learning

c. Creating a caring, equitable community of learners

What is one characteristic of traditional nursery schools? a. Teachers use formalized testing to assess children's development. b. The groups of children are generally large, often more than twenty in a class. c. Large blocks of time are devoted to free play, emphasizing its importance. d. Teachers do not have the opportunity to work with children individually.

c. Large blocks of time are devoted to free play, emphasizing its importance.

Which job is considered an entry-level position? a. Apprentice b. Teacher c. Teacher aide d. Associate teacher

c. Teacher aide

Developing an understanding of the messages that children receive from observing and utilizing technology and social media describes which recurring theme in early childhood education? a. Ethic of social reform b. Importance of childhood c. Transmitting values d. Professionalism

c. Transmitting values

Serena runs a family childcare center out of the home where families in the neighborhoods bring their children. One of the main challenges Serena faces is finding: a. an alternative childcare setting for Serena's own children. b. time for development courses required to maintain licensing. c. activities for a mixed-age group of children. d. transportation means for the children.

c. activities for a mixed-age group of children.

Kindergarten programs have changed significantly over the course of time. Many of these changes can be attributed to the _____. a. return to the philosophy of Frobel's "children's garden." b. use of school readiness tests before a child begins kindergarten. c. development of the standards-based reform movement. d. Requirement of attendance in high-quality early childhood programs prior to the start of kindergarten.

c. development of the standards-based reform movement.

Early childhood education programs with developmentally appropriate practices enhance development and learning by: a. recognizing that individual differences at this age are minimal. b. fostering an environment that relies solely on child-initiated learning. c. encouraging both teacher-directed and child-initiated learning. d. using standardized practices to keep instructional variation minimal.

c. encouraging both teacher-directed and child-initiated learning.

An early childhood teacher overhears a student tell another that they cannot have a turn with the new train set in the classroom. The teacher intervenes and engages in a discussion with the student about what it feels like to have one's feelings hurt. Which of the following goals of creating a just classroom, through the theme of ethics reform, is this an example of? a. Identity b. Diversity c. Justice d. Activism

c. justice

John Dewey, an educational progressive, supported education that was child-centered, whereas his predecessor, Friedrich Froebel, emphasized _____ learning. a. sequential steps b. community-based c. teacher-directed d. concrete

c. teacher directed

Check My Work Early childhood education pioneer Susan Isaacs published The Nursery Years, which focused primarily on _____. a. birth order b. rewards and punishment c. the value of play d. behavior shaping

c. the value of play

Which scenario best reflects the educational philosophy of John Dewey? a. A group of six-year-olds learns math facts through rote memorization. b. A group of five-year-olds sits at desks and learns to write through lectures. c. A group of seven-year-olds learns to shop for food without adult supervision. d. A group of six-year-olds learns spatial skills through the building of a wooden table

d. A group of six-year-olds learns spatial skills through the building of a wooden table

Which of the following is NOT included in NAYEC's Code of Ethical Conduct and Statement of Commitment? a. Ethical responsibilities to children b. Ethical responsibilities to families c. Ethical responsibilities to colleagues d. Ethical responsibilities to curriculum

d. Ethical responsibilities to curriculum

Which of the following responsibilities of a teacher most closely correlates with a personal understanding of the development of individual students? a. Organizing materials b. Setting the emotional tone of the classroom c. Managing the classroom d. Evaluating curriculum

d. Evaluating curriculum

Which European educator helped to develop the idea of school readiness through his belief that child development follows a timetable of its own and education should reflect this? a. Lev Vygotsky b. John Locke c. Martin Luther d. Johann Amos Comenius

d. Johann Amos Comenius

Which of the following responsibilities of a teacher most closely correlates with the financial stability of an early educational program? a. Evaluating curriculum b. Setting the emotional tone of the classroom c. Working with families d. Keeping records

d. Keeping records

A family is looking for childcare during the day while they work. The family would like to have the childcare take place on a local college campus. What type of childcare should the family reach out to? a. Faith-based b. Before-school and after-school care c. Nanny d. Laboratory school or childcare center

d. Laboratory school or childcare center

Which pairing accurately illustrates the work of an influential early childhood educator? a. Maria Montessori-childproofing b. Susan Isaacs-laboratory school c. Benjamin Spock-open school style d. Loris Malaguzzi-amiable schools

d. Loris Malaguzzi-amiable schools

According to your text, which challenge is associated with mixed-age groups? a. Siblings from the same family may end up in the same room. b. Children are kept on the same level and advance as a group. c. Limited opportunities are available to build social skills. d. Older children may take over and overwhelm the younger children.

d. Older children may take over and overwhelm the younger children.

What is developed through acquisition of knowledge, beliefs, and practices in the education profession? a. Emergent curriculum b. Commonality c. Professional identity d. Philosophy of teaching

d. Philosophy of teaching

What best describes an element of teaching or learning more typical of an early childhood setting rather than that of an elementary or high school setting? a. Regular use of worksheets b. Standardized academic assessments c. Rigorous schedule with few opportunities for choices d. Regular, consistent access to the arts as part of a general curriculum

d. Regular, consistent access to the arts as part of a general curriculum

Which of the following is a contribution to early childhood education by Maria Montessori? a. Carefully selected experiences b. Concept of tabula rasa c. Sensory education d. Teaching based on observation

d. Teaching based on observation

What is one drawback to current academic standards? a. They give teachers too much control over what they teach. b. They require standardized forms that require training to use. c. They are difficult for most childcare centers to implement. d. They can result in a curriculum that "teaches to the test."

d. They can result in a curriculum that "teaches to the test."

A preschool director shares the results of a recent program evaluation with the board of directors. Program evaluations are shared with a board of directors in order to: a. select the evaluation instrument. b. aid in reducing staff turnover. c. ensure classroom hazards are kept minimal. d. establish accountability.

d. establish accountability.

Early childhood educators are expected by the NAEYC to master certain expectations as they pursue their professional development. These are called _____. a. standards and practices b. curricula and competencies c. goals and standards d. standards and competencies

d. standards and competencies

In 1965, the Head Start program was created by the federal government in order to assist children who: a. required medical assistance. b. had developmental disabilities. c. had a history of abuse and neglect. d. were from low-income families.

d. were from low-income families.

One significant finding of the High/Scope Perry Preschool Study was that children attending the preschool program: a. spent more years in special education courses. b. had significantly higher arrest rates. c. had lower overall earnings later in life. d. were less likely to receive welfare later in life.

d. were less likely to receive welfare later in life.