Earth Science Final Pt. 2
Carbon sequestration
involves converting carbon dioxide gas to a liquid form for storage in the ocean or underground
The mantle is composed of
iron-rich silicate rocks.
The Keystone XL pipeline
is a hotly debated pipeline that would carry petroleum from Canada to the southern United States
With each pass of a comet about the Sun, its mass
is appreciably reduced.
Convergent boundaries are areas of
plate collision
The inner core is solid because
pressure from the weight of the surrounding layers prevents the inner core from melting.
Compared to the use of fossil fuels for generating electricity, wind energy
produces no exhaust pollutants and contributes little to global climate change
The energy bill passed by the U.S. Congress in 2007
raised the CAFE standard to 35 mpg for vehicles by the year 2020
Minerals that have strong bonds between flat crystal surfaces tend to
show poor cleavage.
"New renewables" are
solar, wind, geothermal
A mineral's hardness is dependent on the
strength of its chemical bonds.
What kind of forces act on the crust at divergent boundaries?
tensional forces that stretch the crust and generate a spreading center
One major advantage of using hydrogen fuel cells is
that the cells are nonpolluting
The largest problem with adopting the new technology of renewable resources is
that the start up costs may be high
The theory of plate tectonics states that
the lithosphere is broken up into several plates that move about as a result of convective motion in the asthenosphere
A major disadvantage of solar power is
the uneven distribution of sunshine around the world
Many developed nations have their economies closely tied to imported fossil fuels. One important consideration for those nations is that
their economy can be disrupted by the events and decisions made in fuel exporting nations
Petroleum and oil reserves are often found in sedimentary rocks because
these rocks can contain fossilized organic matter
Secondary extraction of petroleum
uses solvents, water, or steam; allows the oil to be extracted to the last drop;
Photovoltaic (PV) technology is best described as
using sunlight to generate electricity
One benefit of offshore wind farms is that
wind speeds are higher and turbulence is lower over water than over land
The percentage of the Earth's surface covered by ocean is about
70%.
Instead of only generating more electricity, rising energy demands may also be met by
increasing the efficiency of energy consumption
The evolution of life probably requires the presence of
a liquid medium
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is
carbon dioxide
What are Saturn's rings composed of
chunks of ice and rock
Oil shale deposits
contain organic kerogen which can be processed into petroleum
A polymorph can be defined as
minerals that have the same chemical formula, but different crystal structures.
A major obstacle to the establishment of wind farms near populated and scenic areas is
not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) syndrome
New lithosphere is formed at
ocean trenches.
Which one of the following is true of hydrogen fuel cell technology?
It has been used widely in NASA's spaceflight programs
________________has more natural gas reserves than any other country.
Russia
Rocks can begin to melt if
all of the above
Convergent boundaries are
all of these
Between which planets is the asteroid belt found?
between Mars and Jupiter
Energy conservation in the United States
can be improved as individuals make conscious choices to reduce personal consumption
A major advantage of hydrogen‑generated electricity over other new renewable energy sources is that it
can be produced where and when electricity is needed rather than being intermittent
Minerals are composed of
elements joined as compounds
When assessing energy resources, it is helpful to use a measure called EROI, which is
energy returned divided by energy invested
