ECD 101 Chapter 14

True/False Early childhood educators agree that young children should be given the opportunity to explore and experiment with clay for several years before being taught how to make things.

False

Regarding nature study in early childhood, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Nature study should include lots of hands-on experimentation with animals and their habitats

The text advocates giving children hands-on experiences with nature. Of the following projects, which would be the LEAST productive for developing curiosity and respect for natural spaces among young children.

Watching educational DVD's about diverse environments and wildlife.

True/False According to the constructivist view, children are best described as scientists conducting experiments to understand their world

True

True/False Although hand-made blocks cannot be made to the same precision as hardwood unit blocks, the author recognizes that they may valuable for children's creative experiments.

True

True/False Before young children can fully grasp the concept of time, they must first understand, with the help of adult guidance, the concept of "before and after" for the sequence of events that occur during the normal course of the day.

True

True/False Play dough is a standard material for early childhood math and science learning, and it can easily be made with various recipes of flour and salt.

True

True/False Water, sand, loose parts, and art materials all serve as basic materials for math and science learning in early childhood education.

True

True/False Your text's approach to early childhood education is the constructivist approach based on the work of Jean Piaget.

True

Which of the following is NOT an example of a science theme?

object permanence

Which age group needs concrete experiences in order to learn math concepts?

toddlers, preschoolers, and school age children

In order to help his students learn about time, Steve Wong prepares a project to study the seasons and the phases of the moon. This project should help Wong's students learn about which aspect of time?

understanding the cyclical nature of time

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates the "empty vessel" approach to teaching?

Candice is passing out handouts of pictures of various labeled shapes for her preschoolers to color.

Regarding early childhood learning of math concepts, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Children are capable of learning about a variety of measurement instruments including thermometers, speedometers, odometers, and clocks.

Regarding young children's construction of physical knowledge, which of the following is FALSE?

Children learn best when they have the opportunity to repeat the same action in the same way multiple times.

A group of four children play with a basket of blocks of different shapes and sizes. Which child is demonstrating logico-mathematical knowledge?

Chuck lines the blocks up in a sequence according to their size

Seven-year-old Allison goes to the beach every year with her family. On each vacation, Allison has played with sand, pouring it back and forth into different containers. This year Allison shows her grandfather two very different shaped containers each containing sand and says, "Look! It's the same amount of sand in each bucket. Even though this one looks like a lot more. Cool!" Allison is demonstrating which skill?

Conservation

True/False In an example reported in your text, some children discovered that they could make marks in the sand by swinging and dragging their feet as they sat on the swings. This discovery evolved into a series of experiments involving pendulums. This experiment represents the project approach to chemistry.

False

True/False Most early childhood math education should focus on teaching basic math skills—recognizing numbers, counting, adding, and subtracting.

False

True/False Piaget defines social knowledge as knowledge about the social world.

False

True/False Tools like binoculars, flashlights and magnifying glasses are developmentally inappropriate for children to use when conducting scientific investigations

False

Nine-month-old Kayla plays with a shape-sorting ball. After several tries, Kayla learns that only one shape will fit into each space. Kayla's ability to discriminate shapes is an example of an early ______ skill.

Geometry

Four-year-old Geofredo sets the family dinner table. He sets a napkin and one set of silverware at each seat. Geofredo is demonstrating which cognitive ability?

One on one correspondance

Your text mentions several examples of "real world," or authentic, math activities for young children. Which of the following would NOT be considered an example of real life math?

Playing with number flashcards

True/False A group of toddlers play at a water table at their morning preschool. During their play, the toddlers are learning math and science concepts like quantity, mass, and volume.

True

True/False According to the author of your text, adults don't teach children about math and science, but rather they give children opportunities to construct knowledge.

True

Three-year-old Lucretia conducts an experiment at playtime. Lucretia collects sand and then dumps it into a puddle of water. She mixes the sand and water until it is just the "right" consistency. Several times, Lucretia smashes and works the mixture between her hands and watches it ooze out. In no time, two other children have come over to Lucretia's mixture and put their hands in also. Next the three of them gather some sand toys and begin making cakes with the mixture. As they share their cakes, another child joins in. This is an example of

behavior contagion

According to constructivist researchers Kamii and DeVries, the two basic science concepts through which children learn physical knowledge are

change and movement

Preschool teacher John Silberman wants to help his students learn about measurement. Which of the following activities is LEAST likely to help Silberman meet his goal?

having the children color worksheets filled with facts about measurement

Which of the following is the best definition of logico-mathematical knowledge?

knowledge about the relationships between objects