Econ part 4

Unionization rates in the United States are highest_____ a. in the government sector. b. among white workers. c. among young workers. d. in the manufacturing sector.

a. in the government sector.

In 2000 the labor force participation rate of black women was _________ the rate of white women, while the rate for black men was ________________ the rate of white men. a. greater than; equal to b. greater than; less than c. equal to; less than d. equal to; equal to

b. greater than; less than

Employer discrimination implies that_____ a. co-workers and customers prefer one group of workers over another. b. some employers give up profits to avoid hiring one group. c. there will be no market wage differential. d. if the group discriminated against is small, there will be a wage differential in the market.

b. some employers give up profits to avoid hiring one group.

If attitudes change and unions are perceived as dangerous to American companies' ability to complete in the world market, then_____ a. the demand curve for union services will shift to the right. b. the demand curve for union services will shift to the left. c. we will move to the left along the demand curve for union services. d. we will move to the right along the demand curve for union services.

b. the demand curve for union services will shift to the left.

The _______________ Act established the National Labor Relations Board and required employers to bargain with the union that represents the majority of their employees. a. Taft-Hartley b. Landrum-Griffin c. Wagner or National Labor Relations Act d. Norris-LaGuardia

c. Wagner or National Labor Relations Act

Federal anti-discrimination programs appear to_____ a. have hurt the relative earnings of black workers. b. have made little difference raising relative earnings of black workers, probably because individual programs have had only small effects. c. have helped to raise relative earnings of black workers. d. have made no difference in raising relative earnings of black workers.

c. have helped to raise relative earnings of black workers.

The Equal Pay Act of 1963_____ a. outlawed sexual discrimination in hiring of workers. b. outlawed racial discrimination in hiring of workers. c. outlawed separate pay scales for men and women who perform the same jobs. d. outlawed sexual discrimination in firing of workers.

c. outlawed separate pay scales for men and women who perform the same jobs.

The potential gains to a union in terms of wages and employment will be greatest if the firm's demand for labor is_____ a. elastic. b. horizontal. c. of unit elasticity. d. inelastic.

d. inelastic.

Between 1990 and 2010, which group did NOT experience growth in their share of the civilian labor force?_____ a. Blacks/African-Americans b. White males c. Hispanics d. Asians and Native Americans

b. white males

The relative union wage advantage is generally_____ a. larger during recessions. b. smaller in the United States than in Europe. c. about 50% in the United States. d. larger in the public sector than in the private sector.

a. larger during recessions.

Union membership in the United States is currently _____________ than in other industrialized countries and has _____________ in recent years. a. lower; fallen b. higher; risen c. higher; fallen d. lower; risen

a. lower; fallen