Edec Quiz 3
According to a study in Denmark, breastfeeding for the first nine months of a child's life may positively impact the child's intellectual development.
true
Childhood hunger and malnutrition are widespread in the United States.
true
Early intervention programs are always housed in the local school building since they are federally funded.
true
Many of the most chronic disease in adults have their roots in the first years of life.
true
"Reflexes" are
unlearned involuntary movements controlled by brain.
One of the most reliable measures of a baby's health and development is
weight
Kimberly's baby receives the following scores on the Apgar Scale immediately following birth: heart rate (2), weak cry (1), muscle tone (2), reflex irritability (1), and color (1). The test is administered again 5 minutes later, and the baby receives the same scores. According to the Apgar Scale, does Kimberly's baby need assistance from medical staff following its birth?
yes
Mitch's mother just found out he has cerebral palsy. You should tell her:
"There is no cure, but there is a lot of help available."
Newborns can focus on objects _____ inches away.
10-12
At birth, an infant's visual acuity is about
20/400
It is not until about __________ of age that children can self-feed fairly neatly.
24 months
What is the normal gestation period?
40 weeks
How many states require that infants and younger children must be restrained in a crash-tested child restraint seat while riding in a motor vehicle?
50
The first baby teeth usually make an appearance around
6 months
Babies are born with poor vision, but by about _________ it is almost normal at 20/30.
8 months
Childhood obesity is defined as a BMI above the ___________ percentile.
95th
____________ is a broad term for a group of more than 30 diseases that cause muscle to degenerate and weaken.
Muscular dystrophy
What test is utilized to assess the behavior of infants who were exposed to drugs while in the womb?
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Assessment Scale
___________ development refers to changes in size and structure, while ____________ development refers to abilities like reaching, walking and sitting.
Physical; motor
Alice's newborn baby girl weighs 3 pounds, 8 ounces. What term best describes the baby's birthweight?
low birthweight
The initial role of the incubator is to
maintain the infant's body temperature
_________________ contributes to more than half of deaths of children worldwide.
malnutrition
Which theory of motor development says motor skills develop automatically because they are genetically predetermined?
maturational
The term analgesics refers to
medications that relieve pain and aid in relaxation during labor.
The baby's brain grows dramatically after birth mainly due to the formation of
more neural connections
Most newborns prefer _____ solutions.
sweet
Which of the following techniques are used in natural childbirth?
all of these
Why may a mother choose not to breast feed?
all of these
What are the four components of a well-child visit?
assessment, education, intervention, care coordination
Children grow in spurts, not at a steady rate. This is known as _________ growth.
asynchronous
Physical growth is
asynchronous.
__________________ have been found to be responsible for more baby injuries than any other product.
baby walkers
What is the duration of the neonatal period?
birth to 1 month
BMI is an abbreviation for
body mass index
"Doula" refers to
both A and B
Who aided in the development of natural childbirth?
both A and B
During what phase are the contractions strongest and most frequent?
both A and C
Individualized developmental care" refers to
both Band C
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that babies be fed __________ exclusively the first __________ months of life.
breastmilk; 6
____________ can be described as a group of permanent disorders in the development of movement and posture.
cerebral palsy
David is learning how to run and jump. He is using his ________ motor skills.
gross
According to the text, what sense provides the "fullest level of communication" for a newborn?
hearing
The majority of the babies born in the United States are born at/in a __________, while in many developing countries babies are born at/in a _____________.
hospital; home
Elective induction has _______ in the United States, as it allows for more control over the delivery date.
increased
Katherine's contractions have grown in intensity, and the doctor is concerned about the progression of the childbirth and the growing risks to both the mother and the baby. The doctor decides that it is necessary to artificially begin the labor process with medication. This process is known as
induced labor
How long does labor last?
it is different for every mother
The motor map of the brain is called a homunculusis because
it resembles a small but disproportionate person.
Eight- month-old Stephen prefers throwing his food to eating it. Is this normal?
Absolutely. He is learning about himself and the world around him.
The Harvard model is similar to ______________'s model of development.
Bronfenbrenner
____________ is the most common cause of long-term motor function impairment, with a frequency of about 1 in 500 births.
Cerebral palsy
Between 20% and 30% of the births in the United States are a result of
Cesarean delivery.
Stemming from an interest in women's rights, what individual sought to remove the control of the birth experience from medical establishments and return it to mothers?
Sheila Kitzinger
Who is more likely to attain gross motor skills significantly later according to a research study?
Tomoko from Japan
"Anoxia" refers to
a lack of oxygen
Opportunities for children to explore their environment are called
affordances
Judy's baby weighed 7 lbs and 9 oz at birth. By the end of the first week the baby weighed 7 lbs 3 oz and she rushed to the doctor. The doctor said
all babies lose weight the first week
How many states have early intervention programs?
all of them
"Natural childbirth" refers to
all of these
Child-directed speech includes:
all of these
Doctors encourage mothers to breast feed in the first hours after delivery
all of these
Identify the concern(s) of a mother during her pregnancy.
all of these
Malnutrition is associated with
all of these
Sarah's newborn has been taken to the NICU and is being cared for by a team of specialists that consists of
all of these
What is the purpose of the Newborn Behavioral Observations?
all of these
Recent studies suggest that putting a child to sleep on his back may
delay gross motor milestones.
Traditionally, what is the longest stage of labor?
dilation
The most frequent genetic cause of mild to moderate mental retardation is
down syndrome
Trisomy 21 is also known as
down syndrome
What system in both the mother and baby triggers the onset of labor?
endocrine system
According to a Canadian study, former ELBW infants at ages 22 to 25 experienced lower high-school graduation rates, employment status, and rates of marriage and parenthood than their peers.
false
All babies are expected to hit their motor milestones at the same time.
false
Assisted vaginal delivery is risk-free.
false
Childbirth education benefits everyone.
false
Color vision is also slow to develop like acuity.
false
Early intervention has been so successful in remediating developmental delays that one day cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy will be eradicated.
false
Gifted children can be enrolled in early intervention programs if their parents want to optimize their education.
false
Infants prefer the voices and faces of both their father and mother.
false
The American Academy of Pediatrics acknowledges that the Apgar Scale can be used to predict long-term outcomes.
false
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists supports the mother's choice to induce labor for her convenience, as well as when a number of health conditions are present
false
One of the reasons parents say "no" so often to their babies and toddlers is
for safety
What is the leading cause of death in newborns?
prematurity
Physical growth also proceeds from inside to outside; or near to far. This is called
proximodistal
Dilation begins with/when __________ and ends when ____________
regular contractions; the cervix is completely open.
Early intervention programs can be
remedial and preventive
Parents have to achieve a healthy balance between ___________ _________ to protect and encourage their children's development.
safety and challenge
_____________ involves detecting and discriminating information and _________ involves interpreting the information so it makes sense.
sensation; perception
The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale identifies how many areas of functioning?
seven
What is the least developed sense at birth?
sight
A baby who weighs less than it should for its age is referred to as
small for gestational age
Why did the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend putting babies to sleep on their backs?
so that the risk of Sudden Infant Death syndrome can be reduced
The term anesthetics refers to
strong pain relievers that block sensation
The "infant mortality rate" is
the death rate among infants during their first year.
The "neonatal mortality rate" refers to
the death rate among newborns
Which period of life has the most dramatic growth?
the first 2 years
The Lamaze approach to natural childbirth suggests that
the mother can control her pain by focusing on controlled breathing during labor.
One way we learned about when babies develop depth perception was
the visual cliff experiement
Labor consists of ____ stage(s)
three
Between birth and age 3 the brain _____________ in weight.
triples
"Cells that fire together, wire together"
true
A newborn who receives a massage can experience diminished stress levels and increased weight gain.
true
