Educational Psychology and Development of Children and Adolescents - D094 --- Module 9 Test

A second-grade science teacher has four students in the class who are English language learners. They are beginning a unit on frogs. How can assessment be differentiated to best support these students? A) Have the students label real life photographs of the different stages of the frog's life cycle. B) Have the students write a paragraph on the frog's life cycle and present the information to the class. C) Have the students read a passage silently on the life cycle of the frog and answer questions. D) Have the students take a pop quiz on the different stages of the frog's life cycle.

A) Have the students label real life photographs of the different stages of the frog's life cycle. Differentiated instruction is the practice of developing an understanding of how each student learns best, and then tailoring instruction to meet students' individual needs. Labeling photos gives English language learners an opportunity to communicate their knowledge non-verbally.

Which instructional context are reading groups and collaborative learning groups examples of? A) Social B) Cooperative C) Physical D) Motivational

A) Social. Social context includes opportunities to interact with the teacher and other learners.

Engage in constant assessment. A) Will improve classroom assessment. B) Will not improve classroom assessment.

A) Will improve classroom assessment. Ongoing assessment is vital.

Provide students with opportunities to assess their own and one another's work. A) Will improve classroom assessment. B) Will not improve classroom assessment.

A) Will improve classroom assessment. Self- and peer-assessment are highly recommended.

Share assessment goals and strategies with parents and students. A) Will improve classroom assessment. B) Will not improve classroom assessment.

A) Will improve classroom assessment. The more parents and students know what your goals are, the more they can work together to improve student learning.

Which strategy provides an opportunity for a student to use his or her unique learning strengths during an assessment? A) A student with artistic skills takes a computer-based multiple-choice test on art history. B) A student with advanced technology skills is given an opportunity to create a website to demonstrate his or her understanding of World War II. C) A student with excellent verbal skills is asked to design a mural to demonstrate understanding of the French Revolution as opposed to taking a multiple-choice test. D) A student with a writing disability is given unlimited time to draft an essay answer on a midterm examination for a U.S. history class.

B) A student with advanced technology skills is given an opportunity to create a website to demonstrate his or her understanding of World War II. Allowing a student with strong technology skills to create a website to demonstrate his or her understanding of World War II would allow the student to use an intellectual strength.

A teacher always starts statistics class with statistics jokes to get students' attention. The teacher also breaks up lectures by using trendy videos and video clips to introduce or illustrate concepts. Which instructional context category is this teacher exemplifying? A) Resources B) Motivational C) Physical D) Social

B) Motivational. Motivational context includes how the material keeps the learner's attention, is relevant, and provides a sense of satisfaction to the learner. The teacher is using relevant materials and providing attention-getting humor.

Which type of assessment should a teacher use to learn how students apply the things they learned over time in different ways? A) True/False B) Portfolio C) Selected response D) Short answer

B) Portfolio. A portfolio is a purposeful collection of work that shows how students have progressed toward the instructional goals by applying what they learned over time to their work.

What are some essential steps to consider when creating assessments? Choose 4 answers. A) Following the assessment guidelines set forth by the federal government B) Selecting appropriate assessment techniques and cognitive levels C) Making sure that the majority of students can be successful with the assessment D) Ensuring that you are assessing students on learning goals set forth by the federal government E) Using assessment to enhance motivation and confidence F) Adjusting instruction based on information G) Having clear instructional goals and communicating them to students H) Ensuring you will have enough time to evaluate the assessments

B) Selecting appropriate assessment techniques and cognitive levels. E) Using assessment to enhance motivation and confidence. F) Adjusting instruction based on information. G) Having clear instructional goals and communicating them to students. Teachers must think carefully about the purposes, goals, and objectives of each lesson and unit. Teachers must also clearly communicate the goals and objectives to their students so learners know what is important for them to learn. Selecting and administrating assessment techniques that are appropriate for the goals of instruction as well as the developmental level of the students are crucial components of effective assessment for learning. Students' motivation and confidence is influenced by the type of assessment used, as well as the feedback given about the assessment results. An essential component of assessment for learning is that the teacher uses the information gained from assessment to adjust instruction. These adjustments may occur in the middle of a lesson or when the teacher reflects on the instruction after the lesson is over and is planning for the next day.

Conduct assessment at the same time each day. A) Will improve classroom assessment. B) Will not improve classroom assessment.

B) Will not improve classroom assessment. Assessment should not be prescribed to a certain time. It should be ongoing.

Share student results with all students in the class. A) Will improve classroom assessment. B) Will not improve classroom assessment.

B) Will not improve classroom assessment. This is a violation of privacy laws and is not productive for students.

What are teachers who adopt a humanistic approach to instruction primarily interested in? A) Helping students conform to social and academic norms B) Figuring out the most logical sequence of ideas for a lesson C) Understanding and addressing students' needs, values, and motives D) Teaching students how to formulate effective learning strategies

C) Understanding and addressing students' needs, values, and motives. Humanism is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans. When knowledge of students' needs, values, and motives are applied to instruction to support students' self-efficacy and growth mindset, the Humanistic approach to instruction is being used.

What is one way of presenting information to help students meaningfully process content according to the cognitive approach to learning? A) Provide students with practice and feedback to be sure the information is drilled into their memories. B) Provide students with a choice of which content they are interested in learning and make sure they are physically ready to process the information. C) Use relatively small chunks because of the limits of students' working memory capacity. D) Keep a pace that will assure finishing the entire text before the end of the school year and students gaining exposure to as much information as possible.

C) Use relatively small chunks because of the limits of students' working memory capacity. To meaningfully process information, students need time to work with new content, connect it to previous learning, and cognitively rehearse it to establish the content into long-term memory. Working memory is limited to 5-9 bits of information at one time, so chunks of information should be kept small.

The teacher prepared a lesson by getting workbooks, textbooks, and laptops ready for the students. Which kind of instructional context is this an example of? A) Motivational B) Social C) External D) Physical

D) Physical. Physical context includes instructional media that is present in the learning environment.

Which approach should teachers use when planning instruction for the basic skills of reading, writing, and math? A) Role Playing, simulations, and problem-based learning B) Cooperative learning groups and debate teams C) Peer and reciprocal teaching D) Short lecture, class exercise, and review

D) Short lecture, class exercise, and review. This strategy of a short lecture, class exercise, and review is a more active way of learning than the traditional method of long lectures and note-taking but is still a form of direct instruction and the behavioristic learning theory. Basic skills are best taught using a behavioral approach to instruction.

Which description is an example of an authentic assessment? A) Students are assessed on their ability to compare perspectives on the Civil War using an essay test. B) Students are assessed on their mastery of the periodic table of the elements using a fill-in-the-blank test. C) Students are assessed on their understanding of genetic inheritance using a multiple-choice test. D) Students are assessed on their ability to sing a specific piece of music using a rubric.

D) Students are assessed on their ability to sing a specific piece of music using a rubric. An authentic assessment simulates real-world situations and is generally a performance assessment, which measures a skill or ability. This example is an authentic, subjective performance assessment.