HWST 107 Exam 1
Classes of Heiaou: Heiaou luakini/ po'okanaka
"Head of a human". Where human sacrifice took place. Created to honor Ku
Ahupua'a
"Pig alter", Wedge shaped sections of land that follow natural ridges/boundaries. Mountain to the sea
Ka was mahope
"The time which comes after or behind"
What is an example of a Hawaiian proverb?
'Olelo No'eau
What was the name of the children Wakea and Ho'ohokukalani had?
-Haloa-naka (quivering long stalk) produced the first kalo plant -Haloa, the first Ali'i Nui
What other offspring was produced from Wakea and Papa?
-Hawai'i Island -Maui Island -Kaua'i -Ni'ihau -Lehua -Ka'ula
What are some facts of the Kumulipo?
-Identifies the relationship with the universe -Has been used to identify the ruling chief -Was written in the 18th century -Kalani'nui' ie'ia'mamao -Has over 2100 lines
What are the realms of the spirit world?
1. Ao Kuewa (homeless soul) 2. traveling/ wandering soul 3. 'aumakua (spiritual guardians) 4. Milu
What are the 3 basic features that make language such an important factor of Hawaiian culture?
1. Human Activity 2. Subtlety, Personality, Detail 3. The Power of Words
What are the 6 districts?
1. Kona 2. 'Ewa 3. Wai'anae 4. Waialua 5. Ko'olauloa 6. Ko'olaupoko
Who are the 4 major Gods?
1. Ku- Upright, God of war and politics 2. Lono- God of Fertility, Peace and Agriculture 3. Kanaloa- God of the Ocean and navigation 4. Kane- God of Fresh Water and living things
What were the lesson from the creation story of Papa and Wakea?
1. Malama' Aina (Relationship b/w land and man) 2. 'Aikapu (Separate Eating) 3. Ni'aupi'o mating (Sibling mating) 4. 'Imihaku (Searching for political soverign, path of ku and lono)
Who are the 4 major Gods in Cook Island Native Religion?
1.Tu 2. Rongo 3. Tangaroa 4. Tane
In the Kumulipo, how many wa (time periods) are there?
16 wa, 8 time periods begin in po (darkness), 8 time periods begin in au (light)
What was used to try and prove Thor Heyerdahl's theory?
A canoe named Kontiki was used to try and prove that Polynesians migrated from South America
What does ABCFM stand for?
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
Where did the concept of an immersion program originate?
Aotearoa
What is spiritual protocol?
Ask for permission to give you safe passage. Ask for guidance to help you be protected.
Kalai'aina
Carving of the land
What are staples on the Island of Satawal
Coconut, breadfruit, taro
What is common culture throughout the Pacific?
Dance, government, religion
What are the 3 aspects of language as communication?
Development, communication, written signs
Base culture
Everyday lifestyle
Classes of Heiaou: Ipu o Lono
Farming or crops. There were many different forms of Ipu o Lono. Varying size of Ipu o Lono
Makahiki
Festival celebrating the God Lono. Months from October-Novemeber. Resources were gathered and given to the ali'i
Classes of Heiaou: Koa'/ Ku'ula
For fishing. They would pray to different Gods of fishing according to families
pono
Fostering perfect harmony
What are the 8 consonants in the Hawaiian alphabet?
H, K, L, M, N, P, W, okina
What was the relationship between Wākea and Papa?
Half brother and half sister
What are the three points of the Polynesian triangle?
Hawai'i, New Zealand, Easter Island
What does HCE stand for?
Hawaiian Creole English
What does HPE stand for?
Hawaiian Pidgin English
What was HPE a means of communication between?
Hawaiians, immigrant workers, sea traders and missionaries
What was the name of the child of Wakea and Papa?
Ho'ohokukalani
What is the name of the exact replica of the original navigating canoe?
Hōkūle`a
What are the dual characteristics of language?
It is both a means of communication and a carrier of culture
Culture bomb
It is the biggest weapon yielded and used daily by imperialism against the collective defiance
Who has the responsibility of dividing the resources among the ali'i and also to the people who worked in the court?
Konohiki
What is the name of the Hawaiian immersion education (K-12)
Kula Kaiapuni
What is the name of the chant to honor Kalani'nui' ie'ia'mamao and the creation of all life?
Kumu Lipo
Konohiki
Land stewarts, land managers of the ahupua'a
Exclusive Economic Zone
Lands that belonged to the people living there, lands that benefited their economy
Classes of Heiaou: Hale mua
Men's house. Term associated with hula. Were in every house.
Po'oula
Metaphor of two heads, When a women would have a union not with her "husband". Not for common people
'Imi Haku
Metaphor of two paths to power/leadership. Power of Ku or power of Lono
Punalua
Metaphor of two springs. When men would have a union not with his "wife". Not for common people
What is the Hawaiian term for genealogy?
Mo'oku'auhau
Who is the navigator of Hōkūle`a? Who was he taught by?
Nainoa Thompson, Papa Mau
What does Pūnana Leo mean?
Nest of voices, language nest
Name for sibling mating?
Ni'aupi'o mating
What is the phrase "A sea of islands" correlated to?
Oceania
Proletarian
Ordinary people, working class, "People of the land"
What is the phrase "Islands in a far sea" correlated to?
Pacific Islands
What are the 2 types of navigators?
Palu: A man who only knows how to sail Po: A man who knows both sailing and magic
Who is the earth-mother?
Papa
What is the name of the Hawaiian alphabet created by the missionaries?
Piapa
MIRAB
Pitiful microstates condemned forever to depend on migration, aide, and bureaucracy and not have any real economic productivity
Classes of Heiaou: Pu'uhonua
Place of refuge. Offered not only to the ali'i but also to the makainana
Heiaou
Places of worship
'Aikapu
Sacred Eating. Men and women were not allowed to eat together
What is the prevalent view of the Pacific Islands and its people?
The Belittling view
What are the predictions of Polynesian migration?
Thor Heyerdahl: they migrated from the Americas, drifted with the currents/winds Cook: they migrated from Asia, against the currents/winds
What is the main purpose of neo-colonialism?
To make people believe that they has no choice but to depend
Ho'omana
Traditional Hawaiian tradition
What were the tools used to make the canoes for navigation?
Used the resources from the land; coconut husk for rope, sap from the breadfruit to make the canoe waterproof.
What are cognates?
Words that sound similar but have different meanings
Classes of Heiaou: Heiaou Ho'ola
Would inspire life, health, livelihood. Healing would go on
Who is the sky-father?
Wākea
What is an okina?
a deliberate break, considered a consonant
What types of food were women unable to eat?
banana, pig, coconuts and some red fish
Aesthetic culture
ceremonies, ect.
mo'olelo
histories
'auwai
irrigation systems
What are kahakos?
line, extends the vowel sound
mana
spiritual power
What are diphthongs?
the blending of 2 vowel sounds
Ka wa mamua
the past, the "time in from or before"