HWST 107 Exam 1

Classes of Heiaou: Heiaou luakini/ po'okanaka

"Head of a human". Where human sacrifice took place. Created to honor Ku

Ahupua'a

"Pig alter", Wedge shaped sections of land that follow natural ridges/boundaries. Mountain to the sea

Ka was mahope

"The time which comes after or behind"

What is an example of a Hawaiian proverb?

'Olelo No'eau

What was the name of the children Wakea and Ho'ohokukalani had?

-Haloa-naka (quivering long stalk) produced the first kalo plant -Haloa, the first Ali'i Nui

What other offspring was produced from Wakea and Papa?

-Hawai'i Island -Maui Island -Kaua'i -Ni'ihau -Lehua -Ka'ula

What are some facts of the Kumulipo?

-Identifies the relationship with the universe -Has been used to identify the ruling chief -Was written in the 18th century -Kalani'nui' ie'ia'mamao -Has over 2100 lines

What are the realms of the spirit world?

1. Ao Kuewa (homeless soul) 2. traveling/ wandering soul 3. 'aumakua (spiritual guardians) 4. Milu

What are the 3 basic features that make language such an important factor of Hawaiian culture?

1. Human Activity 2. Subtlety, Personality, Detail 3. The Power of Words

What are the 6 districts?

1. Kona 2. 'Ewa 3. Wai'anae 4. Waialua 5. Ko'olauloa 6. Ko'olaupoko

Who are the 4 major Gods?

1. Ku- Upright, God of war and politics 2. Lono- God of Fertility, Peace and Agriculture 3. Kanaloa- God of the Ocean and navigation 4. Kane- God of Fresh Water and living things

What were the lesson from the creation story of Papa and Wakea?

1. Malama' Aina (Relationship b/w land and man) 2. 'Aikapu (Separate Eating) 3. Ni'aupi'o mating (Sibling mating) 4. 'Imihaku (Searching for political soverign, path of ku and lono)

Who are the 4 major Gods in Cook Island Native Religion?

1.Tu 2. Rongo 3. Tangaroa 4. Tane

In the Kumulipo, how many wa (time periods) are there?

16 wa, 8 time periods begin in po (darkness), 8 time periods begin in au (light)

What was used to try and prove Thor Heyerdahl's theory?

A canoe named Kontiki was used to try and prove that Polynesians migrated from South America

What does ABCFM stand for?

American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions

Where did the concept of an immersion program originate?

Aotearoa

What is spiritual protocol?

Ask for permission to give you safe passage. Ask for guidance to help you be protected.

Kalai'aina

Carving of the land

What are staples on the Island of Satawal

Coconut, breadfruit, taro

What is common culture throughout the Pacific?

Dance, government, religion

What are the 3 aspects of language as communication?

Development, communication, written signs

Base culture

Everyday lifestyle

Classes of Heiaou: Ipu o Lono

Farming or crops. There were many different forms of Ipu o Lono. Varying size of Ipu o Lono

Makahiki

Festival celebrating the God Lono. Months from October-Novemeber. Resources were gathered and given to the ali'i

Classes of Heiaou: Koa'/ Ku'ula

For fishing. They would pray to different Gods of fishing according to families

pono

Fostering perfect harmony

What are the 8 consonants in the Hawaiian alphabet?

H, K, L, M, N, P, W, okina

What was the relationship between Wākea and Papa?

Half brother and half sister

What are the three points of the Polynesian triangle?

Hawai'i, New Zealand, Easter Island

What does HCE stand for?

Hawaiian Creole English

What does HPE stand for?

Hawaiian Pidgin English

What was HPE a means of communication between?

Hawaiians, immigrant workers, sea traders and missionaries

What was the name of the child of Wakea and Papa?

Ho'ohokukalani

What is the name of the exact replica of the original navigating canoe?

Hōkūle`a

What are the dual characteristics of language?

It is both a means of communication and a carrier of culture

Culture bomb

It is the biggest weapon yielded and used daily by imperialism against the collective defiance

Who has the responsibility of dividing the resources among the ali'i and also to the people who worked in the court?

Konohiki

What is the name of the Hawaiian immersion education (K-12)

Kula Kaiapuni

What is the name of the chant to honor Kalani'nui' ie'ia'mamao and the creation of all life?

Kumu Lipo

Konohiki

Land stewarts, land managers of the ahupua'a

Exclusive Economic Zone

Lands that belonged to the people living there, lands that benefited their economy

Classes of Heiaou: Hale mua

Men's house. Term associated with hula. Were in every house.

Po'oula

Metaphor of two heads, When a women would have a union not with her "husband". Not for common people

'Imi Haku

Metaphor of two paths to power/leadership. Power of Ku or power of Lono

Punalua

Metaphor of two springs. When men would have a union not with his "wife". Not for common people

What is the Hawaiian term for genealogy?

Mo'oku'auhau

Who is the navigator of Hōkūle`a? Who was he taught by?

Nainoa Thompson, Papa Mau

What does Pūnana Leo mean?

Nest of voices, language nest

Name for sibling mating?

Ni'aupi'o mating

What is the phrase "A sea of islands" correlated to?

Oceania

Proletarian

Ordinary people, working class, "People of the land"

What is the phrase "Islands in a far sea" correlated to?

Pacific Islands

What are the 2 types of navigators?

Palu: A man who only knows how to sail Po: A man who knows both sailing and magic

Who is the earth-mother?

Papa

What is the name of the Hawaiian alphabet created by the missionaries?

Piapa

MIRAB

Pitiful microstates condemned forever to depend on migration, aide, and bureaucracy and not have any real economic productivity

Classes of Heiaou: Pu'uhonua

Place of refuge. Offered not only to the ali'i but also to the makainana

Heiaou

Places of worship

'Aikapu

Sacred Eating. Men and women were not allowed to eat together

What is the prevalent view of the Pacific Islands and its people?

The Belittling view

What are the predictions of Polynesian migration?

Thor Heyerdahl: they migrated from the Americas, drifted with the currents/winds Cook: they migrated from Asia, against the currents/winds

What is the main purpose of neo-colonialism?

To make people believe that they has no choice but to depend

Ho'omana

Traditional Hawaiian tradition

What were the tools used to make the canoes for navigation?

Used the resources from the land; coconut husk for rope, sap from the breadfruit to make the canoe waterproof.

What are cognates?

Words that sound similar but have different meanings

Classes of Heiaou: Heiaou Ho'ola

Would inspire life, health, livelihood. Healing would go on

Who is the sky-father?

Wākea

What is an okina?

a deliberate break, considered a consonant

What types of food were women unable to eat?

banana, pig, coconuts and some red fish

Aesthetic culture

ceremonies, ect.

mo'olelo

histories

'auwai

irrigation systems

What are kahakos?

line, extends the vowel sound

mana

spiritual power

What are diphthongs?

the blending of 2 vowel sounds

Ka wa mamua

the past, the "time in from or before"