EEG 204 Exam
Up until the point that you actually activate the program in which you wish to collect or analyze neurodiagnostic data, you are mainly dealing with:
-the basic computer and startup routine (BIOS or CMOS) -the hardware peripherals associated with it (keyboard, mouse, monitor, network, external drives). -its operating system (Windows, NT, or DOS)
The ACNS recommendations for recording clinical EEG on digital media state that the sampling rate should be ____ and the resolution of the A to D converter should be ____.
200 or higher, 12
A common sample rate for a digital EEG instrument is:
256 Hertz
The power supply inside a computer is connected by an electrical cord to (US)115 volts AC and converts the power into a voltage that is needed to run the PC. This voltage is _____.
3.3, 5 to 12 volts DC
30 mins of Digital EEG with video requires approximately ___ of disk space.
300MB
The ability to record a patient's EEG over an extended period of time in almost any environment is called ____.
AEEG or ambEEG
___________can be used to map the sensory and motor strips on the brain's surface using a strip of sterile electrodes placed directly on the surface of the brain to guide surgical resection.
ECog
Examples of biological or physiological artifacts are ____.
EMG, EKG, EOG
An algorhithm that transforms EEG data into a graphic representation of various voltages and frequencies present in the signal is called ____.
FFT
True/False: Data collection during surgery has not yet expanded to multiple modality monitoring.
False
True/False: Digital EEG Instruments differentially amplify all inputs in relation to ipsilateral references and then the software programs form montages by effectively subtracting input 1 from input 2 for each derivation.
False
True/False: Research does not support EEG as an important tool for diagnosing clinical and subclinical status epilepticus to help insure earlier intervention and better patient outcomes.
False
True/False: There is no difference between the calibration function in an analog and a digital EEG instrument.
False
Digital instrument filter settings allow ranges from ___LF to ___HF which is well in compliance of ACNS recommendations for ECI recording filters settings.
LF 1 Hz - HF 70 Hz
With the advent of digital EEG, what new system components require the technologist to learn new troubleshooting skills?
Monitor, CPU and keyboard
One benefit of computer networking is the ability to ______ .
Store multiple files on a central server
The term RAM means ____.
TEMPORARY MEMORY STORAGE THAT IS CRITICAL TO RAPID COMPUTER OPERATIONS
True/False: Aliasing is what happens to a waveform when it is sampled at too low a sampling rate.
True
True/False: Authentication is the process of establishing who you are.
True
True/False: Can Digital EEG systems monitor patients in the ICU using multiple formats including compressed spectral arrays, and integrating data on body temperature, heart rate and intracranial pressure.
True
True/False: Digital EEG Instruments differentially amplify all inputs in relation to a common reference and then the software programs form montages by effectively subtracting input 2 from input 1 for each derivation.
True
True/False: Problems that occur only when accessing the neurodiagnostic programs involve the neurodiagnostic software, hardware itself, or some interaction between the neurodiagnostic program and the computers hardware.
True
True/False: Sampling skew is an error in the timing of the sampling of waveforms and was a problem in early digital EEG instruments but no longer a problem in modern digital EEG instruments.
True
True/False: Successful Epilepsy monitoring is enhanced by the ability to synchronize the patient's digital video image (video signal as binary numbers) with the ongoing digital EEG in the same visual display.
True
True/False: The ability of the computer to store a large amount of data over an extended period of time has also allowed for the continuous recording of the EEG (cEEG) and continuous video EEG with Video (cVEEG).
True
True/False: Use of networking allows information from multi-modality neuromonitoring instruments, in multiple surgical suites to be monitored in real time concurrently.
True
What is the best way to measure sensitivity on a digital EEG instrument?
Use the computerized voltage indicator, usually an on screen ruler or legend, or use the cursor function found in the software itself.
A flat line in all channels could be ____.
a bad ground electrode or system reference
Changes in sensitivity on a digital EEG instrument ____.
adjust only the visual representation
During the digital recording, it is necessary for the technologist to change display montages on the computer screen in order to ______.
allow the interpreter to see different montages during the record review.
Conversion of the analog EEG signal from a patient to a digital signal the computer can interpret, is made possible by the ______ .
analog to digital converter (ADC)
Technologist notations (comments) on the digital EEG machine _____.
are very important for later interpretation
The minimal requirements for a monitor to display EEG accurately are met with monitors that have _____ .
at least 1024 pixels across the screen
After recording, filter settings on digital EEG machines can ____.
be adjusted in the display data during recording
Name an artifact seen on analog EEG instruments but never on digital EEG instruments.
defective pen amount
Digital EEG instruments use what type of amplifier system?
differential amplifiers
The difference between display montage and recording montage is that the_____.
display montage is what you see on the computer monitor, recording montage is what is stored to disk.(raw data)
Aliasing in digital EEG is caused by:
having sampling rates less than twice the frequency
Sampling skew is a problem with earlier EEG machines, due to ________ .
inability to simultaneously sample multiple
One of the greatest advantages of the digital EEG recording over analog recordings ____.
is the ability to change montages during the recording
Symptom: The system will not power up and there are no lights on any component. What is the first troubleshooting question?
is the machine plugged in?
60 Hz artifact can be reduced or eliminated by ____.
making sure that the electrode impedances are low 1-5K ohms and balanced.
Extension cords should ____.
never be used with a computer connected to a patient
Artifacts originating from the patient are ___.
no different with digital machines than they are with analog machines
Horizontal resolution refers to the _____.
number of data points that are stored
A Megabyte of memory is approximately equal to ____.
one million bytes
Time scale, Time Base, Display Time or epoch, are terms used in digital EEG that are similar to the term ______ , used with analog EEG.
paper speed
When preparing for taking the registry in EEG, oral exam, you should ____.
read carefully all the material sent to you, visit the ABRET website and call the ABRET Executive office with any questions.
Three basic computer ports are:
serial, parallel, usb
The recommendations for electrode impedance are that they should be under 10,000 ohms but over 100 ohms. This guideline was written for use with analog equipment. Digital equipment users ____.
should follow the same ACNS guidelines
The __________of data in a computer network is of critical importance, especially when sending data from the operating room that requires immediate interpretation.
speed of transmission
From a budgeting standpoint, the major difference between digital and analog systems is that the ________.
storage of the records is cheaper for digital systems
Digital systems either require that an additional electrode be placed on the scalp a combination of regularly applied electrodes to serve the same purpose as a:
system reference
The recording montage typically records data to the computer, using a ____.
system reference, referential montage
1,099,551,627,776 bytes, often used to mean one trillion bytes (1,000,000,000,000).
terabyte
During an ECS/ECI recording it is necessary to ____.
test the integrity of the entire recording system
Guidelines for recording digital EEG in the United States were written by:
the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS)
A great advantage of digital instruments in performing Polysomnography is ____.
the ability to run sleep scoring programs and produce customized reports.
Essential components in the performance of basic computer systems are:
the amount of memory (RAM) and the speed of the processor.
Perhaps the greatest advance in IONM monitoring has been:
the digital network
The ACNS guidelines for recording electrocerebral silence studies states ____.
the full compliment of 21 electrodes plus ground and system reference (International 10/20 System) are required for ECS/ECI recordings and montages should be used with an inter-electrode distance of at least 10 cm.
The three components directly responsible for the display on the monitor are ____.
the monitor, monitor cable and video card
If the resolution of waveforms improves when data is printed compared to the resolution of data on the screen, the fault may be ______.
the resolution of the video display (pixels)
The ACNS Guidelines call for Biological Calibration. This is best done on a digital instrument by _____.
viewing all the electrodes' input in a montage that pairs each of the electrodes to the system reference
The program will engage but will not allow the collection of data a possible cause is:
you may be accessing a reader only version of the program
