Embalming Comprehensive Exam Review
The maximum average level of exposure to formaldehyde over an eight hour time period is
.75 ppm
If you use 16 oz. of 30 index fluid, how many gallons of 2.5% solution will you have?
1 1/2 gallons
There is an immediate danger to health and life if exposed to formaldehyde levels above
100 ppm
What index fluid must you use to have 2 gallons of diluted fluid with a strength of 1% if you use 16 oz. of concentrated fluid?
16
The point of entry for the trocar when aspirating the cavities is
2 inches above and 2 inches to the left of the umbilicus
How much of a 16 index fluid will it take to make 2 gallons of 1.5% solution?
24 oz
If you used 2 bottles of arterial fluid to make 3 1/2 gallons of a 3% solution, what would the index of the arterial fluid be?
42 index
The normal pH of the living body is
7.4
A bronze discoloration develops on the body as a result of
Addison's disease
The cooling of the body to the temperature of its surroundings is
Algor mortis
The method of drainage in relation to injection in which the amount of arterial fluid is injected and then drainage is allowed to flow for a period of time, each one separately is the ______ method.
Alternate
Which of the following are the first products of decomposition?
Amino acids
An instrument which is inserted into the artery for the introduction of fluid is
An arterial tube
Distension of the body tissues is a complication of
Anasarca
Generalized edema is referred to as
Anasarca
Which of the following does not favor dehydration
Anasarca
Any surface, prominence, or structure which is used in establishing the location of an adjacent structure or prominence is a(n)
Anatomical guide
A discoloration that appears on the body during life is considered
Ante mortem
What chemical agents retard the tendency of blood to become more viscous?
Anticoagulants
An accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity is
Ascites
The self destruction of cells is known as
Autolysis
Just behind the medial border of the coraco-brachialis muscle is the anatomical guide for the _______ artery.
Axillary
Which of these is an example of a perfuming agent?
Benzaldehyde
The liver produces
Bile
Embalming chemicals which are used on discolored areas of the body and are intended to remove the discoloration or at least lessen the intensity of the discoloration are
Bleaches
Which of these is the last of the body compounds to decompose?
Bone
An embalming chemical which affects the stabilization of the acid-base balance within embalming solutions and in the embalmed tissues is a(n)
Buffer
The pre-embalming considerations given to the case at hand are called
Case analysis
Which of the following microorganisms is recognized as the causative agent of tissue gas?
Clostridium perfringens
What should the relative temperature of the primary dilution water be to embalm a severely dehydrated case
Cold
The procedure of disinfection which takes place during the embalming process would more correctly apply to which of the following?
Concurrent disinfection
What type of autopsy involves the post mortem examination of the brain only?
Cranial autopsy
The decomposition of protein by the action of aerobic bacteria
Decay
pH is a measure of the
Degree of acidity or alkalinity
Which is NOT classified as a chemical change?
Desiccation
How can an extravascular discoloration be dealt with during the embalming process?
Discoloration can be lessened by adding a bleaching agent to the arterial fluid
The destruction or inhibition of most pathogenic bacteria and their products in or on the body defines which of the following terms?
Disinfection
The movement of embalming solutions from the point if injection through the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins is
Distribution
An influential person in medical embalming, who discovered the circulation of blood in 1628 was
Dr. William Harvey
Which is an antemortem extravascular blood discoloration?
Ecchymosis
The first muscle tissue to be affected by rigor mortis is
Eyes
What is the name given to a type of purge which has a color and odor consistent with that of arterial fluid solution?
False purge
Index is the measure of fluid strength which considers the percentage of
Formaldehyde
The discoloration resulting when HCHO reacts with hemoglobin in the tissues
Formaldehyde gray
Which of the following characterizes lung purge?
Frothy white color
Which chemical agents render microorganisms incapable of growth and reproduction?
Germicides
An instrument which may be used to guide an arterial or vein tube into a vessel in the
Groove director
A blood-filled swelling is descriptive of which of the follow?
Hematoma
Chemical additives that act as moisture retainers in the tissues are termed
Humectants
What type of solution has the power to attract a solvent through a semi-permeable membrane into itself?
Hypertonic solution
In the nine region plan, which region of the abdominal pelvic cavity is located immediately inferior to the umbilical region?
Hypogastric
The settling of blood to the dependent parts of the body is known as
Hypostasis
If you are embalming a body which has an infection disease when should the cavity treatment procedure begin?
Immediately after arterial injection is completed
Which of these sutures is best suited for exposed skin?
Intradermal stitch
A preparation room supply used in mouth closure that is forced into the mandible and maxilla
Is and injector needle
What type of solutions can be placed on opposite sides of a semi-permeable membrane without either solution attracting solvent from the other solution across the membrane?
Isotonic solutions
What is the purpose of adding Oil of Wintergreen to an embalming fluid?
It can act as a perfuming agent?
What is the relationship of the femoral vein to the femoral artery?
It lies medial and deep
Which of the following treatments would be used for the embalming of a dehydrated body?
Large volume of a dilute solution
Any traumatic or pathological change in the structure of the skin
Lesion
Which of the following treatments should be used when intravascular difficulties are manifested during the embalming process?
Low pressure, slow rate of flow
What method of mouth closure would be used to secure the mouth of the body that has dentures but also serious gum disease
Mandibular suture
Who was the first to note capillary circulation?
Marcello Malpighi
Which of these is the solid state of formaldehyde?
Paraformaldehyde
A discoloration that appears on the body after death is
Post mortem
The temporary rise in body temperature after death is called
Postmortem caloricity
Which of these is an example of pre-embalming chemical change in the body?
Postmortem caloricity
With the embalming machine turned on and the rate of flow valve closed the type of pressure being shown on the pressure gauge is
Potential pressure
What type of anticoagulant will breakup clots by causing the mineral particles of the blood to fall out of suspension?
Precipitants
The science of treating the body chemically, so as to temporarily inhibit decomposition, would most appropriately apply to which of the following terms?
Preservation
Chemicals which inactivate saprophytic bacteria and alter tissues so as to render them less susceptible to decomposition are
Preservatives
What type of chemical agents are capable of inactivating saprophytic bacteria, rendering the unsuitable for nutrition the media upon which such bacteria thrive, and arresting the decomposition process?
Preservatives
The dilution of concentrated arterial fluid as prepared by the embalmer is called the
Primary dilution
Hard water
Promotes blood clotting
The post mortem evacuation of any substance from any external orifice of the body due to internal and/or external pressure is
Purge
The color of cadaveric lividity can best be described by which of the following?
Purple
What suture is used to close a trocar puncture?
Purse string
Which of these conditions contributes to skin-slip?
Putrefaction of the body tissues
What color is imparted to the body by radium treatments?
Red
Which of the follow is NOT an intrinsic factor in case analysis
Refrigeration
When treating blisters, what treatment is incorrect?
Remove loose integument before embalming
According to Robert Mayer, the basic ethical axiom for the funeral service professional is
Reverence for the dead
Which of the following post mortem changes is NOT a physical change?
Rigor mortis
In the femoral triangle the femoral artery is bordered laterally by the ______ muscle
Sartorius
Directing the trocar point toward the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the left midaxillary line is the trocar guide for the
Stomach
Which of the following blood vessels is NOT suitable for injection of arterial fluids into a small infant?
Superior vena cava
The components of arterial fluid which is designed to decrease the molecular cohesion at the surface of liquid is a
Surfactant
The study of death is
Thanatology
Who is responsible for creating the secondary dilution of the arterial solution?
The body of the deceased
Which of the following actions would help normalize the moisture content of an emaciated body?
The slow injection of a mild solution
Which of the following would be the most likely to cause intravascular resistance to fluid distribution?
Thrombi
An extrinsic variable factor in the embalming is
Time lapse between death and embalming
Which of these is NOT a purpose for blood drainage?
To create dehydration
Which sentence is not part of the definition of embalming?
Treatment used to permit positive visual memories
Which of the following conditions creates intravascular resistance to fluid distribution?
Vascular disease
The most common vehicle used in embalming fluids is
Water
The key ingredient of an arterial fluid classified as a cosmetic fluid is
an active dye
Chemicals which retard the increase in viscosity of the blood are
anticoagulants
Co-Injection fluids are used
with arterial solutions
The procedure of injection and drainage in which the injection is accomplished at one place and drainage is taken from another is called
split
