EMS Unit Review (Earth, Moon, Sun)
3 reasons for seasons on Earth
(TRR) tilt, rotation, revolution
gravity
A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses and distance between
66.5ºS latitude
Antarctic Circle
66.5ºN
Arctic Circle
23.5ºN latitude
Tropic of Cancer
23.5ºS latitude
Tropic of Capricorn
tidal bulge
a bulge of water formed by the pull of the Sun and Moon's gravity
last quarter moon (third quarter)
a phase of the moon that comes after a waning gibbous and before a last quarter moon where the left half of the moon that we can see is lit up
perihelion
point in a planet's orbit nearest the sun
aphelion
point in a planet's orbit that is farthest from the sun
umbra
the darkest part of a shadow
tilt of Earth
23.5 degrees
Winter Solstice for Northern Hemisphere
December 21
Summer Solstice for Northern Hemisphere
June 20-21
Spring Equinox for Northern Hemisphere
March 19-20
lunar eclipse
Occurs at a full moon when Earth is directly between the Moon and the Sun, Earth's shadow cover the moon
Fall Equinox for Northern Hemisphere
September 22
new moon
The Moon phase that occurs when the Moon is between Earth and the Sun, at which point the Moon cannot be seen because the lighted half is facing the Sun and its dark side faces Earth.
first quarter moon
The phase of the moon when it is one-quarter of the way through its' orbit, and we see half of the moon lighted
waning
describes phases following a full moon, as more and more of the Moon's shadow side becomes visible
waxing
describes phases following a new moon, as more of the Moon's lighted side becomes visible
0º latitude
equator
crescent
moon phase in which less than half of the Moon appears to be illuminated
gibbous
moon phase in which more than half of the Moon appears to be illuminated.
waxing gibbous
moon phase that comes after a first quarter moon and before a full moon; more than half of the moon is lit up on the right side, but it isn't completely full
waning gibbous
moon phase that comes after a full moon and before a third quarter moon; more than half of the moon is lit up on the left side, but it isn't completely full
waxing crescent
moon phase that comes after a new moon and before a first quarter moon; less than half of the moon is lit up on the right side
waning crescent
moon phase that comes after a third quarter moon and before a new moon; less than half of the moon is lit up on the left side
full moon
moon phase when the entire side facing Earth is illuminated.
solar eclipse
occurs when the New Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth
penumbra
the lighter part of a shadow where light is partially blocked
revolution
the movement of one object around another
orbit
the path of an object as it revolves around another object in space
tides
the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface influenced by the gravity from the Moon and Sun pulling on Earth
rotation
the spinning motion of a planet on its axis
inertia
the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
spring tide
the tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides, EMS line up straight (highest high tide & lowest low tide), occurs at new and full moon phases
neap tide
the tide with the least difference between consecutive low and high tides, EMS make 90º angle (highest low tide & lowest high tide), occurs at 1st and 3rd quarter moon phases
equinox
the two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun, sunlight directly on 0º degree equator (means equal night)
solstice
the two days of the year on which the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator, Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees toward or away from the sun, direct sunlight on 23.5º N (Tropic of Cancer) or 23.5ºS (Tropic of Capricorn) (means "sun stop")
