EMT Basic - Chapter 16 (Quiz 8)

Which of the following statements regarding the AED and defibrillation is correct?

The AED will not analyze the rhythm of a moving patient.

The electrical stimulus that originates in the heart's primary pacemaker is controlled by impulses from the brain that arrive by way of the:

autonomic nervous system.

The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the:

carotid arteries.

Nitroglycerin relieves cardiac-related chest pain by:

dilating the coronary arteries and improving cardiac blood flow.

Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:

family history.

Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle:

flows into the pulmonary arteries.

In contrast to monophasic defibrillation, biphasic defibrillation:

generally requires a lower energy setting.

The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:

sinoatrial (SA) node.

A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when:

the inner layers of the aorta become separated.

Prompt transport of a patient with a suspected AMI is important because:

the patient may be eligible to receive thrombolytic therapy.

Sudden death following AMI is MOST often caused by:

ventricular fibrillation.

Which of the following cardiac arrhythmias has the greatest chance of deteriorating into a pulseless rhythm?

ventricular tachycardia

Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:

who have experienced a head injury.

Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?

pulmonary veins

Which of the following medications is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots from forming or getting bigger?

Aspirin.

A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do?

Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR.

Which of the following statements regarding the pain associated with AMI is correct?

It can occur during exertion or when the patient is at rest.

What is the function of the left atrium?

It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

Common signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency include:

a bounding pulse, a severe headache, and dizziness.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term used to describe:

a group of symptoms that are caused by myocardial ischemia.

A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should:

administer oxygen, give her 324 mg aspirin, and assess her further.

A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. Of the following the EMT should initially:

assess the adequacy of his respirations.

Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to a buildup of fatty deposits is called:

atherosclerosis.

You are dispatched to a residence for a 56-year-old male with an altered mental status. Upon arrival at the scene, the patient's wife tells you that he complained of chest pain the day before, but would not allow her to call EMS. The patient is semiconscious; has rapid, shallow respirations at a rate of 8; and has a thready pulse. You should:

begin ventilatory assistance.

The posterior tibial pulse can be palpated:

behind the medial malleolus.

Rapid, labored breathing in a patient with signs and symptoms of AMI should make you suspicious for:

congestive heart failure.

Ischemic heart disease is MOST accurately defined as:

decreased blood flow to one or more portions of the myocardium.

Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?

dependent edema

After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:

immediately resume CPR.

Which of the following would cause the greatest increase in cardiac output?

increased heart rate and increased stroke volume

Angina pectoris occurs when:

myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply.

In contrast to AMI, a dissecting aortic aneurysm:

often presents with pain that is maximal from the onset.

A 67-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 94/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The first action of the EMT for this patient includes:

placing her in an upright position.

You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high-flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitroglycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should:

remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a supine position and elevate his lower extremities, and prepare for immediate transport.

In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system:

slows the heart and respiratory rates.

The purpose of defibrillation is to:

stop the chaotic, disorganized contraction of the cardiac cells.