EMT Chapter 1-5
which of the following is a SPECIFIC example of the Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH) model?
The paramedic administers a patient's flu vaccination
in which of the following circumstances can the EMT legally release confidential patient information?
The patient is competent and signs a release form
a patient lacerated the dorsal aspect of his hand. this means that the injury is:
on the back side of the hand
An EMS provider who has extensive training in various aspects of advanced life support (ALS) is called a(n):
paramedic
cardiac monitoring, pharmacologic interventions, and other advanced skills are functions of the:
paramedic
A young male jumped from a tree and landed feet first. What aspect of his body has sustained the initial injury?
plantar
In relation to the chest, the back is:
posterior
the manner in which the EMT must act or behave when caring for a patient is called the:
standard of care
You have been working at the scene of a major building collapse for 8 hours. Many injured people are still being removed, and everyone is becoming frustrated and losing focus. This situation is MOST effectively managed by:
requesting a CISM team to provide on-scene peer support
The standards for prehospital emergency care and the individuals who provide it are typically regulated by the:
state office of EMS
according to the national EMS scope of practice model, an EMT should be able to:
assist a patient with certain prescribed medications
Vectorborne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via
animals or insects
As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared to that of:
another EMT
the spread of HIV and hepatitis in the healthcare setting can usually be traced to:
careless handling of sharps.
If it is not possible to adequately clean your ambulance at the hospital following a call, you should:
clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated
for a do not resuscitate (DNR) order to be valid, it must:
clearly state the patient's medical problem.
which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy?
community awareness programs that emphasize the dangers of drinking and driving
Ethnocentrism is defined as:
considering your own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture.
a patient is in a semi-reclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the ____________ position
fowler
Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you:
have been infected with hepatitis A in the past
Enlargement of the liver is called:
hepatomegaly
the ________________ deals with the well-being of the EMT, career progression, and EMT compensation.
human resources department
The continuous quality improvement (CQI) process is designed to:
identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed
which of the following is the MOST significant factor in determining whether a person will become ill from certain germs?
immunity
Obtaining continuing medical education is the responsibility of the:
individual EMT
the topographic term used to describe the parts of the body that are nearer to the feet is:
inferior
EMRs such as fire fighters, law enforcement officers, and park rangers, are an integral part of the EMS system because:
they often arrive at the scene before the ambulance and EMTs.
The simplest yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to:
wash your hands in between patient contacts.
the MOST effective way to preserve your own body heat when functioning in cold, wet weather is to:
wear at least 3 layers of clothing
Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used:
when performing endotracheal intubation
A 60-year-old man complains of chest pain. He is conscious and alert and denies shortness of breath. Which of the following questions would be the MOST appropriate to ask him?
"Do you have any heart problems or take any medications?"
a patient's refusal of EMS treatment and/or transport must be:
an informed refusal
Any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed location is called a:
base station
relative to the ankle, the knee is:
proximal
a pregnant patient is diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. this means that:
she has excessive vomiting.
Two-way communication that requires the EMT to "push to talk" and "release to listen" describes what mode of communication?
simplex
You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation.
slander
which of the following statements regarding communication with a child is correct?
standing over children often increases his or her level of anxiety
the MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is:
substandard or inappropriate patient care.
you are caring for a 52-year-old man who complains of chest discomfort. the patient is a retired paramedic and is very anxious because he thinks he is having a heart attack. which of the the following statements should be appropriate?
"it is possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. i am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow."
a critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no longer than _____ hours following the incident
72
which of the following MOST accurately defines negligence?
Deviation from the standard of care that might result in further injury
Which aspect of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) MOST affects EMS personnel?
Protecting patient privacy
Information included in a radio report to the receiving hospital should include all of the following, EXCEPT:
a preliminary diagnosis of the patient's problem.
the term "supraventricular tachycardia" means:
a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles
Movement or motion away from the body's midline is called:
abduction
Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patient's condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should:
advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification.
general adaption syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases?
alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery
during your assessment of a 20-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. you should:
allow him time to think about the question and respond to it.
a trauma patient has a gunshot wound to the left side of his chest, away from the nipple. how should the injury location be described?
anterolateral
the _______ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles
apex
During your monthly internal quality improvement (QI) meeting, you review several patient care reports (PCRs) with the staff of your EMS system. You identify the patient's name, age, and sex, and then discuss the treatment that was provided by the EMTs in the field. By taking this approach to the QI process, you:
are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand.
A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should:
ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother.
Acting in such a way as to make another person fear immediate bodily harm is called:
assault
a proximal humeral fracture is one that is located:
at the upper part of the humerus
When faced with a situation in which a patient is in cardiac arrest, and a valid living will or DNR order cannot be located you should:
begin resuscitation at once
a patient has bilateral femur fractures. this means that:
both femurs are fractured
When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be:
brief and easily understood
is which of the following manners should you act and speak with a patient?
calm and confident
Hazards that are associated with a structural fire include all of the following, EXCEPT:
carbon dioxide deficiency.
which of the following incidents does NOT require a report to be filed with local authorities?
cardiac arrest
immediately after being dispatched to a residence for an elderly patient with diabetic complications, you should:
confirm with dispatch that you received the call information.
All information recorded on the PCR must be:
considered confidential
the patient care report (PCR) ensures:
continuity of care
Putrefaction is defined as:
decomposition of the body's tissues.
you arrive at the scene of an apparent death. when evaluating the patient, which of the following is a definitive sign of death?
dependent lividity
when communicating with a visually impaired patient, you should:
determine the degree of the patient's impairment.
en EMT would MOST likely be held liable for abandonment if he or she:
did not make provisions for continued care of and injured patient
During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT:
discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives.
A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm.
distal
a woman amputated the tip of her finger. which directional term should be used to describe her injury location?
distal
A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a:
distal humerus fracture
after delivering your patient to the hospital, you sit down to complete the handwritten PCR. when documenting the patient's last blood pressure reading, you inadvertently write 120/60 instead of 130/70. to correct the mistake you should:
draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct data next to it.
communicating with hearing-impaired patients can be facilitated by doing all the following, EXCEPT:
elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation.
the MOST important consideration at the scene of a hazardous materials incident is:
ensuring your personal safety.
After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient's leg stops bleeding. This is called:
hemostasis
which of the following types of consent allows treatment of a patient who is unconscious or mentally incapacitated?
implied
in the eyes of the courts, an incomplete or untidy patient care form indicates:
inadequate patient care was administered
characteristics of eustress following dispatch to a high-speed motor vehicle collision may include:
increased self-image from performing well under a challenging situation
A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:
is excessively thirsty
In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of consenting to or refusing medical treatment if the minor:
is self-supporting and lives by him- or herself
If an action or procedure that was performed on a patient is not recorded on the written report:
it was not performed in the eyes of the law.
Two EMT's witnessed a call in which a coworker gave adequate medical care but ignored the patient's emotional needs. The coworker was deliberately rude solely because the patient was thought to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). The EMT's ignored the coworker's treatment of this patient and took no steps to prevent this behavior from happening again. This lack of action on the part of the two EMT's is considered
legal but unethical
all of the following are considered to be protected health information (PHI), except:
location of the call
Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by:
maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible.
the topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:
medial
the EMT's scope of practice within his or her local response are is defined by the:
medical director
when caring for a 65-year-old male with respiratory distress, you place him in a comfortable position but do not apply oxygen. the patient's condition continues to deteriorate: he develops cardiac arrest and dies at the hospital. this scene is an example of:
negligence
a patient has kidney disease that is causing him severe pain. what condition does he have and what would be administered for his pain
nephopathy; analgesic
Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include:
not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons
when providing a patient reports via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by:
not disclosing his or her name
Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they:
offer little or no side protection.
in the recovery position, the patient is:
on his or her side.
a patient with a pneumothorax has unilateral chest expansion. this means that:
only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.
which of the following anatomic terms is synonymous with the word "dorsal"?
posterior
An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body's position?
prone
in relation to the wrist, the elbow is:
proximal
after receiving online orders from medical control to perform a patient care intervention, you should:
repeat the order to medical control word for word.
a ________ receives messages and signals on one frequency and then automatically retransmits them on a second frequency.
repeater
Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser:
requests sexual favors in exchange for something else.
the capacity of an individual to cope with recover from stress is called
resilience
As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should:
respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician.
Which type of communications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies?
scanner
a newborn has four anatomic abnormalities of the heart. that prefix is used to describe this?
tetra-
After being dispatched on an emergency call, you should expect the dispatcher to provide you with all of the following information, EXCEPT:
the general geographic location of the incident.
the term "pericardiocentesis" means:
the removal of fluid from around the heart
during your assessment of a patient with a chest injury, you note that only one side of his chest moves when he breathes. how should you describe his chest movement?
unilateral
at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you determine they there are two critically injured patients and that another ambulance is needed. you attempt to contact the dispatcher with your portable radio but are unsuccessful. you should:
use the mobile radio in the ambulance to contact dispatch
A positive TB skin test indicates that:
you have been exposed to TB
A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being:
bilateral
which of the following scenarios involves the administration of ALS?
A 48-year-old patient whose airway is secured with a supraglottic device
which of the following patients has a decision-making capacity and can legally refuse emergency medical treatment?
A conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain
Shortly after you load your patient, a 50-year-old man with abdominal pain, into the ambulance, he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want to go to the hospital. The patient is conscious and alert and has no signs of mental incapacitation. You are suspicious that the man has a significant underlying condition and feel strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding this situation is correct?
A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treat at any time
which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts abandonment?
A paramedic transfers care to an EMT.
which of the following general statements regarding consent is correct?
A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse treatment.
which of the following descriptions most accurately portrays emergency medical services (EMS)?
A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured
EMS as we know it today had its origins in 1966 with the publication of:
Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society
Why are prehospital emergency care guidelines updated on a regular basis?
Additional information and evidence indicate that the effectiveness of certain interventions has changed.
which of the following errors is an example of a knowledge-based failure?
An EMT administers the wrong drug to a patient because she did not know the pertinent information about the drug.
which of the following situations requires you to notify the appropriate authorities
Attempted suicide
which of the following skills would a layperson MOST likely be trained to perform before the arrival of EMS?
Bleeding control using a tourniquet
The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on:
EMS research
what should you do before attempting to access a patient trapped in a vehicle?
Ensure the vehicle is stable.
which of the following statements regarding the NREMT is correct?
The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing
the person who is responsible for authorizing EMTs to perform emergency medical care in the field is the:
Medical Director
EMT training in nearly every state meets or exceeds the guidelines recommended by the:
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
which of the following statements regarding Good Samaritan Laws is correct?
Such laws will not protect the EMT in cases of gross negligence.
in which do the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist?
a call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change
A 15-year-old boy was killed when he was struck by a car while riding his bicycle. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. You should:
advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first.
When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should:
allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions
which of the following statements regarding the EMS medical director and an EMT's scope of practice is correct?
an EMT's scope of practice may be expanded by the medical director after proper training and state approval.
which of the following skills or interventions is included at every level of prehospital emergency training?
automated external defibrillation
An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is frightened, demanding, or unpleasant is to:
continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful.
Determination of exposure is an important component of an infection control plan because it:
defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure.
the EMT certification exam is designed to:
ensure that EMTs are competent and have the same level of knowledge and skills.
According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to:
insert a peripheral intravenous catheter
continuing education in EMS serves to:
maintain, update, and expand the EMT's knowledge and skills.
at the scene of an automobile crash, a utility pole has has been broken, and power lines are lying across the car. the patients inside the car are conscious. you should:
mark off a danger zone around the downed lines
As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on:
medical director approval
If a person is partially immune to a particular disease, he or she:
might develop illness from germs that lie dormant from the initial infection.
as an EMT, it is important to remember that the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress:
might not be obvious or present all the time
which type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe?
off-line
According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, an employer must:
offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk for exposure.
which of the following criteria is required to become licensed and employed as an EMT
proof of immunization against certain communicable diseases
If a defibrillator manufacturer claims that its device terminates ventricular fibrillation on the first shock 95% of the time, you should:
recognize that this does not mean the device will save more lives.
A 75-year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should:
retreat and notify law enforcement personnel.
which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure
syphilis
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), recommended immunizations and tests include a:
tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis booster every 10 years.