EMT Chapter 19: Post Test

Which of the following represents an abnormal respiratory​ rate?

Respiratory rate of 20 in an infant

At what rate per minute should you ventilate an adult patient who is not​ breathing?

10-12

At what rate per minute should you ventilate a​ child?

12-20

A rescue inhaler is most likely to contain which of the​ following?

Albuterol

Bronchoconstriction involves what happening to the​ bronchi?

Blockage

Which of the following would be considered a chronic obstructive pulmonary​ disease?

Chronic bronchitis

Which of the following is a good sign in adults with respiratory distress but an ominous sign in infants and​ children?

Decrease in pulse

Which of the following is the least dangerous potential risk or side effect of administering​ CPAP?

Dry corneas

Which of the following is classified as​ COPD?

Emphysema

Which of the following involves relaxation of the rib muscles and the​ diaphragm?

Exhalation and expiration

You are reassessing a patient to whom you have administered oxygen and an​ metered-dose inhaler for respiratory distress. During your​ reassessment, you find that there is only slight expiratory​ wheezing, the pulse oximetry is​ 97%, the patient is speaking in full​ sentences, and the​ patient's color is good. Given these​ findings, which of the following choices best characterizes the​ patient?

He is displaying mild breathing difficulty.

Which of the following is a known complication of applying CPAP to a patient with respiratory​ distress?

It may cause a drop in blood pressure.

What is a limitation of a nonrebreather​ mask?

It requires adequate breathing to pull oxygen into the lungs.

Which of the following is a contraindication to the use of​ CPAP?

Nausea and vomiting

You respond to a​ 7-year-old patient presenting with symptoms of productive cough containing blood and large amounts of​ mucus; fatigue;​ nausea; and abdominal pain. The patient appears to be breathing adequately but nonetheless is experiencing respiratory distress from the onset of the coughing. What should you do to treat this​ patient?

Speak to the​ patient's parent or guardian

You are managing a patient who you believe is severely hypoxic. Given this​ information, which of the following should you do​ first?

Start​ high-flow oxygen.

What is a​ high-pitched lung sound heard on​ inspiration?

Stridor

Your patient is complaining of difficulty breathing. You ask the patient when this began. What part of OPQRST does this fall​ under?

T

Which of the following occurs during​ inhalation?

The diaphragm​ lowers, and the ribs move upward and outward.

A​ 77-year-old female is in obvious respiratory distress. She is breathing rapidly and has an oxygen saturation of​ 89%. She has a history of COPD. Why should she be placed on supplemental oxygen despite having​ COPD?

The​ patient's hypoxia outweighs the risks of oxygen therapy.

A​ 9-year-old male complains of difficulty breathing. His respiratory rate is​ 28, and he has wheezes. He is alert but​ scared, and his pulse oximetry reads​ 93%. You should​ next:

administer supplemental oxygen.

A​ 45-year-old female is struggling to breathe. She has a history of COPD and smoking. You assess her accessory muscle use and hear wheezing on listening to her chest. Her vital signs are P​ 118, R​ 38, BP​ 119/70. After administering the appropriate amount of​ oxygen, you should​ next:

assist the patient with her bronchodilator according to your protocols.

A​ 4-year-old patient presents with respiratory distress and just developed a significant drop in heart rate. You should​ first:

assist ventilations with supplemental oxygen.

A​ 45-year-old female complains of respiratory distress. You have assisted the patient with her bronchodilator​ medication, but you note that she continues to have considerable distress. Her mental status is now becoming altered. You should​ next:

assist ventilations.

A patient with COPD may present with elements of both pulmonary emphysema​ and:

chronic bronchitis.

It is characteristic for a CPAP device to blow​ air:

continuously

An inhaler containing a beta agonist medication is intended​ to:

dilate the bronchioles.

To ensure that the most medication is absorbed when the EMT is assisting the patient with an​ inhaler, the EMT should try to encourage the patient​ to:

hold the medicine in the​ patient's lungs as long as possible.

Your​ 68-year-old male patient complains of shortness of breath that has been getting worse over the past few days. He denies any history of​ COPD, and has not experienced any penetrating trauma. He does have a​ low-grade fever. He says that he feels weak and has some chest pain. You provide supportive treatment including CPAP because his problem most likely​ is:

pneumonia

Normal breathing​ is:

regular under most circumstances.

During normal​ exhalation, the​ diaphragm:

relaxes

Which of the following is the biggest contributing factor to​ COPD?

smoking

A​ 17-year-old female complains of respiratory distress. When you listen to her​ chest, you hear​ high-pitched, almost musical sounds in her lower airways on expiration. These sounds would best be described​ as:

wheezes

Administer oxygen to a pediatric patient and transport as quickly as possible if the patient​ begins:

wheezing or grunting.