EMT Chapter 19: Post Test
Which of the following represents an abnormal respiratory rate?
Respiratory rate of 20 in an infant
At what rate per minute should you ventilate an adult patient who is not breathing?
10-12
At what rate per minute should you ventilate a child?
12-20
A rescue inhaler is most likely to contain which of the following?
Albuterol
Bronchoconstriction involves what happening to the bronchi?
Blockage
Which of the following would be considered a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Chronic bronchitis
Which of the following is a good sign in adults with respiratory distress but an ominous sign in infants and children?
Decrease in pulse
Which of the following is the least dangerous potential risk or side effect of administering CPAP?
Dry corneas
Which of the following is classified as COPD?
Emphysema
Which of the following involves relaxation of the rib muscles and the diaphragm?
Exhalation and expiration
You are reassessing a patient to whom you have administered oxygen and an metered-dose inhaler for respiratory distress. During your reassessment, you find that there is only slight expiratory wheezing, the pulse oximetry is 97%, the patient is speaking in full sentences, and the patient's color is good. Given these findings, which of the following choices best characterizes the patient?
He is displaying mild breathing difficulty.
Which of the following is a known complication of applying CPAP to a patient with respiratory distress?
It may cause a drop in blood pressure.
What is a limitation of a nonrebreather mask?
It requires adequate breathing to pull oxygen into the lungs.
Which of the following is a contraindication to the use of CPAP?
Nausea and vomiting
You respond to a 7-year-old patient presenting with symptoms of productive cough containing blood and large amounts of mucus; fatigue; nausea; and abdominal pain. The patient appears to be breathing adequately but nonetheless is experiencing respiratory distress from the onset of the coughing. What should you do to treat this patient?
Speak to the patient's parent or guardian
You are managing a patient who you believe is severely hypoxic. Given this information, which of the following should you do first?
Start high-flow oxygen.
What is a high-pitched lung sound heard on inspiration?
Stridor
Your patient is complaining of difficulty breathing. You ask the patient when this began. What part of OPQRST does this fall under?
T
Which of the following occurs during inhalation?
The diaphragm lowers, and the ribs move upward and outward.
A 77-year-old female is in obvious respiratory distress. She is breathing rapidly and has an oxygen saturation of 89%. She has a history of COPD. Why should she be placed on supplemental oxygen despite having COPD?
The patient's hypoxia outweighs the risks of oxygen therapy.
A 9-year-old male complains of difficulty breathing. His respiratory rate is 28, and he has wheezes. He is alert but scared, and his pulse oximetry reads 93%. You should next:
administer supplemental oxygen.
A 45-year-old female is struggling to breathe. She has a history of COPD and smoking. You assess her accessory muscle use and hear wheezing on listening to her chest. Her vital signs are P 118, R 38, BP 119/70. After administering the appropriate amount of oxygen, you should next:
assist the patient with her bronchodilator according to your protocols.
A 4-year-old patient presents with respiratory distress and just developed a significant drop in heart rate. You should first:
assist ventilations with supplemental oxygen.
A 45-year-old female complains of respiratory distress. You have assisted the patient with her bronchodilator medication, but you note that she continues to have considerable distress. Her mental status is now becoming altered. You should next:
assist ventilations.
A patient with COPD may present with elements of both pulmonary emphysema and:
chronic bronchitis.
It is characteristic for a CPAP device to blow air:
continuously
An inhaler containing a beta agonist medication is intended to:
dilate the bronchioles.
To ensure that the most medication is absorbed when the EMT is assisting the patient with an inhaler, the EMT should try to encourage the patient to:
hold the medicine in the patient's lungs as long as possible.
Your 68-year-old male patient complains of shortness of breath that has been getting worse over the past few days. He denies any history of COPD, and has not experienced any penetrating trauma. He does have a low-grade fever. He says that he feels weak and has some chest pain. You provide supportive treatment including CPAP because his problem most likely is:
pneumonia
Normal breathing is:
regular under most circumstances.
During normal exhalation, the diaphragm:
relaxes
Which of the following is the biggest contributing factor to COPD?
smoking
A 17-year-old female complains of respiratory distress. When you listen to her chest, you hear high-pitched, almost musical sounds in her lower airways on expiration. These sounds would best be described as:
wheezes
Administer oxygen to a pediatric patient and transport as quickly as possible if the patient begins:
wheezing or grunting.
