EMT Chapter 46

A patient has inhaled cyanide gas. He is alert and complaining of shortness of breath. His airway is​ patent, his breathing is​ adequate, and his radial pulse is strong. His skin is warm and​ dry, and his breath sounds are clear. Given these assessment​ findings, what should the EMT do​ first? A. Administer oxygen via a nonrebreather mask B. Obtain vital signs with the patient in a supine position C. Administer the antidote for cyanide D. Monitor the patient and transport

A. Administer oxygen via a nonrebreather mask

You are participating in a training exercise for an attack with a weapon of mass destruction involving the release of a nerve agent. In the triage​ area, you are presented with a patient who responds to painful stimuli and has an open airway. He is breathing 8 times per minute and has a weak radial pulse. He is wheezing and has pinpoint pupils. In his​ pocket, you see a​ metered-dose inhaler containing albuterol. When caring for this​ patient, you should​ first: A. Administer positive pressure ventilation B. Administer albuterol with the​ metered-dose inhaler C. Obtain vital​ signs, including the​ patient's temperature D. Look for an injury causing shock

A. Administer positive pressure ventilation

In a nuclear​ explosion, the EMT should expect the majority of patients to complain​ of: A. Burns B. Headache C. Nausea D. Dyspnea

A. Burns

The type of injury most commonly associated with an incendiary device​ is: A. Burns B. Radiation exposure C. Injury from building collapse D. Fractures

A. Burns

The secondary radiation exposure from a nuclear blast is the result​ of: A. Fallout B. Heat C. Concussion D. Decay

A. Fallout

Which type of radiation will travel the farthest and penetrate the human body with the greatest​ ease? A. Gamma B. Alpha C. Beta D. Blast

A. Gamma

For the​ EMT, what is the best means of protection against acquiring a disease such as smallpox prior to any sort of​ exposure? A. Immunizations B. Face shields C. Antibiotics D. Iodine tablets

A. Immunizations

Your service has acquired the antidote for a nerve agent attack. By which route will this antidote most likely be​ given? A. Injection B. Oral C. Inhalation D. Topical

A. Injection

A localized terrorist attack involves pepper spray being released at a high school dance. While you are en route to the​ scene, the incident commander reports approximately​ 50-plus people have been exposed and calls for activation of the county disaster plan. Given the nature of the​ weapon, what should you anticipate doing on​ scene? A. Irrigating eyes with saline B. Administering an aerosolized antidote C. Decontaminating patients with diluted bleach D. Providing positive pressure ventilation

A. Irrigating eyes with saline

Which statement concerning the biological agents used in terrorist attacks is​ true? A. It may take several days to weeks to realize or determine that an attack involving biological agents occurred B. Rain is the ideal condition to disperse a biological agent because water will spread it over a greater area C. The biological agents used by terrorists are more potent than those that occur naturally D. The eyes are the most effective portal of entry into the human body for a biological agent

A. It may take several days to weeks to realize or determine that an attack involving biological agents occurred

An example of a quinary effect of an explosion​ is: A. Toxic contaminants B. Burns C. Fractures D. Electrocution

A. Toxic contaminants

Which chemical agent will generally kill a person most​ quickly? A. Solid agent that contacts the​ patient's torso B. Aerosolized vesicant agent that is inhaled into the lungs C. Liquid agent that is splashed into the eyes D. Liquid vesicant that is splashed on the arm

B. Aerosolized vesicant agent that is inhaled into the lungs

You are teaching an EMT class about the role of the EMS response to a terror attack involving weapons of mass destruction​ (WMD). A student asks you what constitutes a WMD. How would define a​ WMD? A. Any agent that is intended to kill a specific segment of the population B. Any agent used to cause indiscriminate death and destruction C. Any weapon used to create fear and panic among the general population D. Any biological agent that kills people and animals but does not destroy property

B. Any agent used to cause indiscriminate death and destruction

In planning for a response to an attack with a weapon of mass destruction involving an incendiary​ device, the EMT should be prepared to handle which types of​ injuries? A. Infection B. Burns C. Fractures D. Blast injuries

B. Burns

Which statement is true regarding tactical​ EMS? A. The TEMS curriculum is typically included in state EMT courses B. Competency in core skills is typically required before responders can participate in a TEMS course C. TEMS programs have been available since 1988 D. TEMS is a federally structured educational program provided by the FBI

B. Competency in core skills is typically required before responders can participate in a TEMS course

A chemical agent used by terrorists is described as having a high volatility. You should recognize this descriptor as meaning that the chemical​ is: A. Very explosive B. Easily evaporated C. In liquid form D. Highly radioactive

B. Easily evaporated

A triage officer at the scene of a suicide bombing assigns you to a patient who has been injured from the secondary effects of the blast. Which type of injuries would you expect in this​ patient? A. Lung injury caused by the​ blast's pressure wave B. Facial laceration caused by flying glass and debris C. Closed head injury caused by striking a tree D. Fractured arm after being thrown to the ground

B. Facial laceration caused by flying glass and debris

Multiple EMS agencies are involved in a WMD incident involving hundreds of patients. Which statement regarding the different protocols and medical direction used by those different agencies is most​ accurate? A. EMTs should automatically be able to administer any medication that a paramedic can administer B. Most protocols involving​ on-line medical direction should convert to standing orders during the event C. ​On-line medical direction should be used for all treatment by EMS D. All​ on-line medical direction should be suspended

B. Most protocols involving​ on-line medical direction should convert to standing orders during the event

When planning for a terrorist​ attack, which concept makes the best use of resources that are locally​ available? A. Rapid response B. Mutual assistance C. ​Cross-training D. Warehousing

B. Mutual assistance

What is the primary concern with​ cyberterrorism? A. Stock market manipulation B. Shutting down the infrastructure C. Electronic bank robbery D. Identity theft

B. Shutting down the infrastructure

Which characteristic do hypergolic substances display when they are combined in a​ WMD? A. They release a biologic toxin. B. They spontaneously ignite when combined. C. They produce chlorine gas when combined. D. They promote adhesion of flammable substances to the skin.

B. They spontaneously ignite when combined.

At a community meeting about preparations for a biological terror​ attack, an attendee asks you how anthrax acquired naturally differs from anthrax acquired via terrorism. What is your best​ response? A. ​"Anthrax can be acquired only by​ terrorism; it is not acquired​ naturally." B. ​"Anthrax is the same regardless of whether it is intentionally inflicted or acquired​ naturally." C. ​"Anthrax caused by terrorism causes signs and symptoms different from anthrax acquired​ naturally." D. ​"Anthrax caused by terrorism is easier to treat than a disease acquired​ naturally."

B. ​"Anthrax is the same regardless of whether it is intentionally inflicted or acquired​ naturally."

Regarding a terrorist attack involving the use of biological​ toxins, which statement is​ true? A. The toxins are living organisms and can easily multiply in the human body B. Biological toxins will typically kill a person within minutes of exposure C. Biological toxins cannot be passed from one person to another D. The toxins are not nearly as dangerous as the organisms that produce them

C. Biological toxins cannot be passed from one person to another

The goal of an attack using a​ "dirty bomb" most likely will​ be: A. Dispersal of gamma radiation B. Blast power to destroy buildings and infrastructure C. Contamination of an area with radioactivity D. Thermal forces to induce massive burns

C. Contamination of an area with radioactivity

Sheltering of patients from radiation can be accomplished​ with: A. Iodine B. 4 inches of earth C. Distance D. 10 inches of wood

C. Distance

At the scene of a​ multiple-casualty incident caused by a weapon of mass​ destruction, what is your first priority as an​ EMT? A. Identifying the agent or mechanism of the WMD B. Establishing the number of dead and injured and needed resources C. Ensuring the safety of yourself and your partner D. Establishing a communications system

C. Ensuring the safety of yourself and your partner

A patient who has been exposed to an​ encephalitis-like agent most likely will complain​ of: A. Pain and paralysis B. Shortness of breath C. Fever and confusion D. Blindness and nausea

C. Fever and confusion

How can an EMT best protect​ herself, as well as get the most appropriate​ resources, at the scene of a​ multiple-casualty incident involving a weapon of mass​ destruction? A. Estimate the number of fatalities and injuries B. Turn over control of the incident to the Homeland Security Department C. Identify the specific agent or mechanism used D. Make an overall determination of the number and types of injuries involved

C. Identify the specific agent or mechanism used

If a patient is exposed to a nerve​ agent, which assessment finding would the EMT​ expect? A. Dilated pupils B. Pulse pressure greater than 30mmHg C. Increased salivation D. Elevated blood pressure

C. Increased salivation

Beta radiation represents the greatest threat to a​ person's well-being when​ the: A. Person is within 30 feet of the source B. Radiation occurs in liquid form C. Person ingests it by eating contaminated food D. Source is heated to greater than 100degrees F

C. Person ingests it by eating contaminated food

If you are first on the scene of an​ MCI, it is imperative that​ you: A. Treat victims as quickly as possible B. Establish the background radiation level C. Recognize whether it is a terrorist attack early on D. Call for mutual aid after triaging all patients

C. Recognize whether it is a terrorist attack early on

Nerve agents typically cause death by triggering which type of organ or system​ failure? A. Liver B. Cardiac C. Respiratory D. Renal

C. Respiratory

How does the​ EMT's role in an​ "active shooter" incident vary from any other unsecured​ "shots fired"​ scene? A. EMTs should not respond unless they are TEMS certified B. EMTs should respond only if they are armed C. The​ EMT's role is the same in both types of scenes D. The​ EMT's primary concern is patient rescue

C. The​ EMT's role is the same in both types of scenes

An alert and oriented patient has been exposed to the biological toxin ricin. He presents with a​ fever, cough, mild​ dyspnea, and generalized weakness. His airway is patent and his breathing is adequate. His skin is warm and​ dry, and his radial pulse is weak. Which intervention is most appropriate when caring for this​ patient? A. Obtain vital signs and transport B. Isolate the patient before administering further care C. Apply a HEPA filter mask to the patient D. Administer oxygen to the patient

D. Administer oxygen to the patient

Which item best describes use of a weapon of mass​ destruction? A. Death of 25 people following an explosion in a chemical plant caused by faulty wiring B. Accidental release of radioactive gas from a nuclear power plant that impacts thousands of people C. Death of 57 people following nighttime tornadoes that struck a suburban area D. Death of 49 people in a crowded mall following intentional dispersal of an unknown bacterial agent

D. Death of 49 people in a crowded mall following intentional dispersal of an unknown bacterial agent

How can cyberterrorism impact medical​ equipment? A. Hardware orders can be rerouted B. Cyberterrorism does not have access to medical equipment C. ​Patients' Medicare accounts are at​ risk, resulting in equipment repossession D. Equipment can be exploited electronically to cause patient harm

D. Equipment can be exploited electronically to cause patient harm

A patient has an injury to his arm caused by an unknown vesicant. After assessing the​ patient's airway,​ breathing, and​ circulation, you​ should: A. Apply a wet sterile dressing to the arm B. Transport the patient to the hospital immediately C. Brush the powder from the skin D. Flush the injured area with water

D. Flush the injured area with water

Why would iodine tablets be a benefit to administer to the general public after a nuclear bomb​ detonation? A. Iodine boosts the immune system B. Iodine helps eliminate radiation from the body C. Iodine protects against all types of cancer D. Iodine decreases the risk for thyroid cancer

D. Iodine decreases the risk for thyroid cancer

An example of an injury that results from the primary exposure in a nuclear explosion​ is: A. Blindness B. Flash burn C. Radiation injury D. Multisystem trauma

D. Multisystem trauma

Protection of the EMT from chemical agent exposure​ requires: A. An​ N-95 mask B. Establishing the background contamination level C. Short periods of exposure D. Proper training and equipment

D. Proper training and equipment

Which classifications of WMD are combined in the same category when using the mnemonic​ B-NICE? A. Biological and incendiary B. Chemical and explosive C. Incendiary and explosive D. Radiological and nuclear

D. Radiological and nuclear

When you are first on the scene of a terrorist incident involving​ WMD, which role is of the utmost​ importance? A. Prehospital care of the injured B. Triage of the injured victims C. Identification of the responsible party D. Scene​ size-up

D. Scene​ size-up