emt chapter 9

Which of the following questions would you ask a patient to ascertain the "M" in the SAMPLE history?

"How much Tylenol do you take each day?"

Which of the following questions is used to determine a patient's chief complaint?

"What seems to be the matter?"

A normal respiratory rate for an adult is typically:

12 to 20 breaths per minute

When you assess capillary refill time in an infant, normal color to the tested area should return within:

2 seconds

The rapid exam of a patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than:

60 to 90 seconds

Which of the following scenarios does NOT involve the presence of any symptoms?

A 61-year-old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis

Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?

Acute anxiety

Which of the following factors would MOST likely cause a patient's pulse rate to be slower than normal?

Beta-blocker medications

An integral part of the rapid scan is evaluation using the mnemonic:

DCAP-BTLS

Which of the following MOST accurately describes paradoxical movement of the chest wall?

Only one section of the chest rises on inspiration, while another area falls

An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?

Opens eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain

Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?

The secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the chief complaint

An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on:

airway, breathing, and circulation

Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass-casualty incident should be determined after:

all the patients have been triaged

A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you note that he is conscious. He is screaming in pain and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should:

apply direct pressure to the wound

An adult patient who is NOT experiencing difficulty breathing will:

be able to speak in complete sentences without unusual pauses

When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to:

become smaller

During an EMS call, you should take standard precautions:

before exiting the ambulance and before actual patient contact

With _____, the force of the injury occurs over a broad area, and the skin is usually not broken.

blunt trauma

For children younger than 1 year old, you should palpate the _____ artery when assessing the pulse.

brachial

When auscultating the blood pressure in a patient's upper extremity, you should place the head of the stethoscope over the _________ artery.

brachial

When there are low levels of oxygen in the blood, the lips and mucous membranes appear blue or gray. This condition is called:

cyanosis

The scene size-up consists of all of the following, EXCEPT:

determining level of responsiveness

You should suspect that a patient is experiencing respiratory failure if he or she:

has bradycardia and diminished muscle tone

Upon arriving at the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing, you determine that the scene is safe. You enter the residence and find the patient sitting in a chair in respiratory distress. Your first action should be to:

introduce yourself to the patient

A patient is sitting in a chair, leaning forward on his outstretched arms. His head and chin are thrust forward. This position indicates that he:

is experiencing difficulty breathing

In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the:

lips or oral mucosa

The best indicator of brain function is the patient's:

mental status

The diastolic blood pressure represents the:

minimum amount of pressure that is always present in the arteries

The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the:

most serious thing the patient is concerned about

A 40-year-old male crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should:

open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver

You are assessing a 72-year-old man with abdominal pain. The patient is sitting in a chair; he is conscious, alert, and calm. As you are talking to the patient, your partner discreetly directs your attention to a handgun, which is located on a nearby table. You should:

position yourself in between the patient and the gun and ask your partner to request law enforcement assistance

A 50-year-old male presents with altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a "small stroke" three years ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen if needed, you should:

prepare for immediate transport

A palpable pulse is created by:

pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction

When assessing a patient's abdomen, you will evaluate for all of the following, EXCEPT:

subcutaneous emphysema

When assessing a 62-year-old female with crushing chest pain, you note that her pulse is rapid and irregular. You should administer supplemental oxygen if needed and then:

transport at once and consider requesting a paramedic unit

Supplemental oxygen without assisted ventilation would MOST likely be administered to patients:

with difficulty breathing and adequate tidal volume