Endocrine TEST Review

Parathyriod hormone brings __________ out of the bones and into the ______________ for use by cells.

calcium, bloodstream

stimulates egg or sperm production

follicle stimulating hormone

raises blood glucose levels

glucagon

regulates ion levels for quick energy

glucocorticoids

stimulates growth in bones and muscles

growth hormone

Although both the nervous and endocrine systems are able to control the body, the endocrine system uses ___________ to produce a response, which are _________ than nervous system control.

hormones, slower

A tumor in the adrenal medulla causes extra epinephrine and norepinephrine to be secreted into the blood. This is called _______________.

hypersecretion

Which gland controls the pituitary gland and regulates things like body temperature and sleep cycles?

hypothalamus

lowers blood glucose levels

insulin

This type of hormone can pass directly through the target cell membrane.

lipid-soluble

stimulates release of sex hormones

luteinizing hormone

stimulates the melanocytes to produce melanin

melanocyte stimulating hormone

causes sleep and wake cycles

melatonin

Glands are activated in three ways including hormonal, humoral, and

neural

Stimulates uterus contractions during child birth

oxytocin

This gland is attached tothe back of the thyroid.

parathyroid gland

Which hormone acts in opposition to calcitonin?

parathyroid hormone

This gland is a small bulb found on the underside of the brain.

pituitary gland

Which gland is often known as the "master gland" because it has wide-reaching effects on the whole body?

pituitary gland

stimulates production of breast milk

prolactin

If a cell reacts to a certain hormone, it has __________ for that hormone.

receptors

Which gland aids in the development of the immune system?

thymus

The gland is located at the base of the neck and is butterfly shaped.

thyroid

When the _____________ gland malfunctions due to ________ deficiency, it can cause a goiter.

thyroid, iodine

causes thyroid to produce thyroxine

thyroid-stimulating hormone

This type of hormone requires a messenger to mediate the response to the target cell because it can NOT pass through the cell membrane.

water-soluble

Where would you expect to find the islets of Langerhans and what do they produce?

Pancreas; insulin & glucagon

Most of the hormones secreted by the pituitary are produced in the

anterior pituitary

This gland sits superiorly to the kidneys.

adrenal glands

Increases water retention in kidneys

antidiuretic hormone