Energy Quiz Study Guide #1

(Potential or Kinetic?) Ocean waves moving toward the shore

Kinetic

(Potential or Kinetic?) The music produced by a person's voice when they sing

Kinetic

What type of energy also includes sound and thermal energy?

Kinetic energy

Forms of electromagnetic radiation

Visible light, gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet light, infrared radiation, and radio waves

They all use generators to produce electrical current

What do wind turbines, hydroelectric dams, and ethanol plants have in common?

Electrical to Thermal

What energy transformation occurs in a blow dryer?

thermal energy and light

What is electrical energy converted to inside a toaster?

The sun

What source of energy causes winds to blow around the Earth?

renewable resources examples

Wind power, solar power, hydroelectricity, and ethanol

What object converts wind power to electricity?

Wind turbine

Fossil fuel

a fuel formed deep in Earth's crust from the remains of plants and animals (coal, oil, and natural gas)

Global warming

a gradual rise in Earth's average temperature

Renewable resource

a natural resource that can be replaced in a reasonable amount of time

Nonrenewable resource

a natural resource that cannot be replaced reasonably soon

transverse wave

a wave that causes vibration at right angles (perpendicular) to its motion

Hydroelectricity

electrical current produced by water flowing through a turbine

electrical energy

energy made available by the flow of electric charges through a conductor

Law of Conservation of Energy

energy may change form to another but cannnot be created or destroyed. Energy is transformed from one form to another with some energy being lost to the system as thermal energy at each conversion. However, the total amount of energy in the system stays the same throughout any conversion

Kinetic energy

energy of motion (anything in motion has this)

Sound

energy of vibrating materials or air molecules

Nuclear energy

energy released by changes to the nuclei of atoms

Chemical energy

energy stored in the bonds that hold atoms together

Electrical current

energy that results from the movement of charged particles

radiant energy

energy that travels in electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. A form of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the eye

The faster an object moves, the greater its ________

kinetic energy

The energy an object has due to its position

potential energy

Gravitational potential energy

stored energy that is due to an object's position

nuclear potential energy

stored in the nucleus of an atom. Most concentrated form of energy

Potential energy is best described as...

stored or "waiting" energy

Energy

the ability to cause change or to do work, or to cause change in an object's position, speed, or direction. (the ability to make things happen) - can exist in many forms. It can be stored or expressed actively - Can be converted to another form, but can never be created or destroyed

mechanical energy

the energy which is possessed by an object due to its motion or its stored energy of position. can be either kinetic or potential. It is the ability to do work.

Nuclear fission

the process by which a large nucleus splits into two small nuclei and energy is released. When atoms are split apart, used in power plants and weapons

Thermal energy

the total energy of a substance, both its average kinetic energy (temperature) and the amount of molecules in the substance. energy that comes from the movement of tiny particles. depends on the speed and number of molecules.

True

(True or false) The following is a possible energy conversion path: Sun - Solar Panels - Toaster

Friction

A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching

Thermal energy

As an object heats up its particles move faster, increasing ____________

What item can convert chemical energy into electrical energy?

Battery

The type of energy stored in the bonds between atoms

Chemical energy

Which of these objects converts light to chemical energy?

Corn

Energy transformations

Energy is converted from one form to another (different types of energy) Energy comes in a variety of forms. Despite changing forms, energy is conserved and the total amount of energy remains the same.

Energy transfers

Energy travels from one object to another (same type of energy)

Non-renewable resources

Fossil fuels are _______________________________. That means there is a limited supply. Once the world runs out, there is no way to get more.

Thermal energy is due to ____

Friction

The higher an object is, the greater its __________________

Gravitational potential energy

sun → air → wind turbine → light bulb

Name an energy path that shows the way energy can get to a light bulb using wind

(Potential or Kinetic?) A fully stretched rubber band

Potential

(Potential or Kinetic?) A tank full of gasoline

Potential

A burning candle transforms into which two forms of energy

Radiant and thermal energy

What are the forms of energy?

Radiant, thermal, chemical, electrical, nuclear, and mechanical

elastic potential energy

Stored energy due to being stretched or compressed (ex: springs, rubber bands)

Nuclear fusion

The process by which two or more nuclei that have small masses join together to form a larger nucleus and energy is released. This occurs deep inside the Sun. There is hope that we will soon be able to harness this type of energy, essentially solving the energy supply problem