Energy Study Guide

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Draw and explain how energy changes back and forth between Kinetic and Potential energy when you jump on a trampoline.

-As you go up and down, you have kinetic energy -As you are on the trampoline, you have potential

Name 3 ways by which heat is transferred and give 3 examples of each

1) conduction: heating a hotdog over a fire, touching a stove and being burned, ice cooling your hand 2) convection: refrigerator; hot air rising, cooling, and falling; radiator (emits warm air and takes in cool air) 3) radiation: heat from sun light entering the atmosphere, heat from a lightbulb, heat from a fire

Energy

Causes change in everything

Battery → energy moving through wires → toy car moves

Chemical → electrical → mechanical

Food → walking

Chemical → mechanical

Sun → what the sun gives off (2 forms) → energy stored in plants/fruits/ vegetables → (we eat and we...) run + reason for sweating

Chemical → nuclear & light → chemical → mechanical & thermal

If you (a person) need more energy, what can you do?

Eat food/sleep

Draw and describe what you would need to do to increase the gravitational potential energy of an object.

Raise surface

Energy Type: Kinetic

Definition: energy of movement Ex: ball falling

Energy Form: Mechanical

Definition: energy which deals with the motion of physical objects (both large or small) Ex: desk fan

Energy Form: Nuclear

Definition: holding the nucleus of an atom together Ex: nuclear bomb

Radiation

Definition: light waves through space or gas Ex: sunshine

Energy Form: Heat

Definition: measurement of total movement of particles Ex: fire

Energy Form: Electric

Definition: movement in electric charges in flow Ex: lightening

Conduction

Definition: movement through direct contact Ex: metal rod over fire

Sound

Definition: oscillations or vibrations of molecules due to compressional disturbances Ex: guitar

Energy Type: Potential

Definition: stored energy Ex: bow and arrow

Energy Form: Light

Definition: wave motion of a moving changed particle in that disturbs the electro field, the result is the light we see Ex: light bulb

Why do food items below a freezer stay cool in a fridge? Explain.

Convection because the cool air is transferred through wall of the freezer. The cool air flows down.

Why is the beach at the ocean windy?

Convection: the cool air is pushed to shore and goes back to the sea

Convection

Definition: circular motion of heated fluid material Ex: water boiling

Energy Form: Chemical

Definition: energy holding atoms to other atoms Ex: plants

What is "lost" in every energy change?

Heat

A swinging pendulum

Kinetic

A roller coaster sitting at the top of the hill is an example of which type of energy?

Potential

A roller coaster you pour into your car

Potential

Batteries

Potential

Electricity flowing through a wire

Potential

The food humans eat

Potential

The gasoline you pour into your car

Potential

When you stretch a rubber band, which type of energy are you giving it?

Potential


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