English 202
Don't need to cite
-common knowledge -facts available in many SEPARATE sources -your own findings
1774 Donaldson vs Becket
-copyright granted to author -author could sell the copyright to the publisher but only for a limited time. -allowed author to strike a better financial deal with publisher
Citing your sources
-helps establish "ethos" or authority in your paper (its not just you) -helps show the worthiness of the topic
Ethical responsibility
-interpret and present sources accurately -use in-text citations to show where each source material begins and ends -provide the full citation and bibliography
Sandwich a quote
-introduce the quote with your own writing -give the quote (or paraphrased info) -finish with a solid analysis of the quote
Academic Integrity
-one form of academic dishonesty is plagiarism -paraphrasing ideas in a format that is too close to the original wording -leaving out parenthetical references even if you remember "" -not indicating the soruce of an idea that you obviously didn't come up with first -copying things word for word
who could hold a copyright?
-originally granted to the publisher upon publication -writers were paid a tiny sum for their works...publishers made all the real money -publisher owned the copyright indefinitely
Paraphrasing
-putting the authors words into your own -your best option when quotes are long -accurately reflecting what author said
Parenthetical references
-used to indicate the source of particular info -comes AFTER the quotation marks but BEFORE the period. -use the FIRST thing in that sources bibliography entry -include page number If there are any
Direct quote
-when the specific wording is memorable -when author is a respected authority -when you are trying to make a concrete point
Formatting the Bibliography Page
1. Alphabetize by the authors last name, or first thing in the entry 2. Double spacing everything 3. Each entry should begin flush with left margin 4. Lines after the first are indented 1/2 inch or 5 spaces 5. Write the word Bibliography at the top Centered (not underlined) 6. Numbered as a continuation of the essay 7. Include all works you used in paper AND those that contributed significantly to your understanding of the topic
CRAP TEST
Currency, reliability, authority, point of view/perspective.
How do we protect something we cant see?
Ideas cant be copyrighted... only the EXPRESSIO of those ideas can be protected
Adding changing words
[ ]
Identifying tag
a phrase that introduces the quotation, paraphrase or quotation
primary sources
a source that is the main focus of your discussion. For example the hunger games
Reliability
can the info be found somewhere else? is it always there when you need it?
Ideas
intellectual property
Long quotations
quotations that are over 4 regular lines of text long need to be dealt differently -no punctuation that is ending -tabbed over 1/2 inch (entire quote) -single space -first letter is lower case -no quotes -period then () -analysis is back to original margins
Secondary Sources
sources that are written about your source or your topic or your main idea
Deleting words
use ellipses- 3 spaced periods
Currency
when was the last update or edition?
Authority
who is the author? fact or opinion?
scholarly sources
works that have been peer reviewed
