English IV 12A
Thomas Aquinas wrote Summa Theologica as a Complete resource of theology Introduction to theology Rebellion against the Church Proposal for a new way of thinking
Complete resource of theology
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. "Master," I said, "this saying's hard for me." (III, 12) This sentence primarily reflects the role of _____. Dante as Pilgrim Dante as Poet Virgil as Guide Virgil as Teacher
Dante as Pilgrim
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. I learned that to this unending torment Have been condemned the sinners of the flesh, Those who surrender reason to self-will. (V; l. 37-39) Which identifies the best inference one could draw based upon the above excerpt?
Dante considers reason to be more important than personal desires.
Which incident helps to support the following inference: Virgil protects Dante as he makes his journey. Dante's encounter with the Uncommitted in the Vestibule of Hell Dante's encounter with Charon Dante's encounter with Beatrice Dante's encounters with sinners in the various rings of Hell
Dante's encounter with Charon
The _________________was an early Church leader as well as a philosopher of his day.
Dark Ages
Which best explains the relationship between diction, connotation, and tone?
Diction refers to the choice of words with specific meanings, or connotations, that help the author to communicate his or her tone.
What is the relationship between reason and faith, according to Aquinas? Reason is subservient to faith. Faith is subservient to reason. Faith and reason are equal. Faith and reason contradict.
Reason is subservient to faith.
Which excerpt from Chesterton's essay BEST expresses what St. Thomas Aquinas taught about modification? "St. Thomas maintains that the ordinary thing at any moment is something; but it is not everything that it could be." "Things change because they are not complete; but their reality can only be explained as part of something that is complete. It is God." "We have seen that most philosophers simply fail to philosophise about things because they change; they also fail to philosophise about things because they differ." "To sum up; the reality of things, the mutability of things, the diversity of things, and all other such things that can be attributed to things, is followed carefully by the medieval philosopher, without losing touch with the original point of the reality..."
"Things change because they are not complete; but their reality can only be explained as part of something that is complete. It is God."
What is the correct order of Augustine's accomplishments? Order the steps below. Bishop of Church of Hippo (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) taught in Carthage (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) baptized by Bishop Ambrose (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) professor in imperial court of Milan (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) joined a monastery (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
5 1 3 2 4
Which of the following statements would be classified as an aphorism? A bad penny always turns up. Honesty is the best policy. Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Anger brings destruction
A bad penny always turns up.
Nicknames for St. Thomas Aquinas include the "Dumb Ox" and the___________________
Angelic Doctor
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. The Platonists, or at least the Neo-Platonists, all tended to the view that the mind was lit entirely from within; St. Thomas insisted that it was lit by five windows, that we call the windows of the senses. But he wanted the light from without to shine on what was within. He wanted to study the nature of Man, and not merely of such moss and mushrooms as he might see through the window, and which he valued as the first enlightening experience of man. ("The Permanent Philosophy"; p. 2) According to Chesterton, what is the most important difference between St. Thomas Aquinas and the Neoplatonists? Aquinas followed Aristotle and rejected Plato. Aquinas wanted to understand the true nature of human beings. Aquinas believed that all knowledge was based on sensory experience. Aquinas was more interested in the origin of evil than exploring inner experience.
Aquinas believed that all knowledge was based on sensory experience.
Which statement BEST describes St. Thomas Aquinas's opinion of Aristotle? Aristotle's ideas are dangerous because he was a pagan philosopher. Aristotle's logic can be used to prove the existence of God. Aristotle would have been a better choice of mentor for Dante's pilgrim than Virgil. Aristotle lived before the time of Christ so his ideas are too ancient to be valuable to medieval philosophers.
Aristotle's logic can be used to prove the existence of God.
__________________ was an early Church leader as well as a philosopher of his day.
Augustine
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. "I was among those spirits in suspense: A lady called me, so beautiful and blessed That I at once implored her to command me. "Her eyes outshone the light of any star. Sweetly and softly she began to speak With the voice of an angel in her own words: (II, 52-57) _____________________ is the lady who has come to speak to the poet as indicated by the lines above.
Beatrice
The Virgin Mary calls upon __________ to help Dante. the Apostle Paul Aeneas St. Lucia Beatrice
Beatrice
Choose the correct chronological order of the time periods. 1. _________________ 2. ________________ 3. ________________ 4. ________________
Christian era height of the Roman Empire fall of the Roman Empire medieval period
Beowulf is an example of a(n) _____. Allegory Aphorism axiom Epic
Epic
Who used the framed narrative form? Select all that apply. Giovanni Boccaccio Geoffrey Chaucer St. Augustine of Hippo Dante Alighieri
Giovanni Boccaccio Geoffrey Chaucer Dante Alighieri
According to Dante, who built the Gate of Hell? Charon God Satan Virgil
God
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. "So, if I surrender myself to going there, I fear the undertaking shall prove folly. (II, 34-35) How does the pilgrim respond to the fear he expresses in these lines? He decides to carry on anyway. He looks to the poet for guidance. He gives in and decides he will not go on. He cries out to the Muses, asking for help.
He gives in and decides he will not go on.
According to Augustine, before God created the Earth, He was not part of man's concept of time because He _____. was not yet created man cannot understand time before Creation He is eternal time didn't exist
He is eternal
Why does Charon object to the presence of Dante on the bank of the river Acheron? He belongs in Paradise. He belongs with the Neutrals. He has no guide. He is not dead.
He is not dead.
Which statement explains how Dante addresses the following theme: the moral order of Hell? Select all that apply. He uses references to classic Greek mythology. He places all unbaptized souls in the same circle of Hell. He uses imagery to describe vivid settings. He uses sensory appeals to help the reader connect to the mood.
He uses references to classic Greek mythology. He places all unbaptized souls in the same circle of Hell. He uses imagery to describe vivid settings. He uses sensory appeals to help the reader connect to the mood.
Which explains Dante's inclusion of the mythological beast Minos in the text of the Inferno? He wants to demonstrate that Greek myths lack authority. He wishes to show that belief in non-Christian Gods is sinful. He wants to educate his audience on the nature of Greek myth. He wants to show the lack of mercy sinners are shown in the afterlife.
He wants to show the lack of mercy sinners are shown in the afterlife.
Augustine may have understood the shift away from paganism and toward Christianity particularly well because _____. He was very insightful He read widely He met with the Pope on important matters His mother was a Christian and his father was a pagan
His mother was a Christian and his father was a pagan
Which of the following statements would be classified as an axiom? A bad penny always turns up. Honesty is the best policy. A rose by any other name would smell just as sweet. An army marches on its stomach.
Honesty is the best policy.
Which two statements below express a belief of the Neoplatonists? Humans can achieve perfection through dedication. Humans can overcome the imperfections of the material world. God, or the One, is the perfect source of Goodness from which all other things come. God is so utterly perfect that humans can never hope to share in God's eternal Goodness.
Humans can overcome the imperfections of the material world. God, or the One, is the perfect source of Goodness from which all other things come.
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. "So, if I surrender myself to going there, I fear the undertaking shall prove folly. (II, 34-35) Which statement best explains the meaning of lines 34-35? If I follow the path before me, I will get lost. If I surrender, then I will never conquer my fear. If I surrender, then I will be a prisoner here forever. If I give in to this foolish journey, I will be wasting my time.
If I give in to this foolish journey, I will be wasting my time.
Which option best explains the relationship between imagery and sensory language? Sensory appeals are a type of imagery. Imagery and sensory appeals are synonymous. Sensory appeals are made up of imagery. Imagery is made up of sensory appeals.
Imagery is made up of sensory appeals.
Which canticle of the Divine Comedy has one canto more than the others? Inferno Paradiso Purgatorio Vita Nuova
Inferno
Which of the following were early medieval epic poems? Select all that apply. Le Morte d' Arthur Beowulf The Decameron The Divine Comedy
Le Morte d' Arthur Beowulf
Aristotle built his ideas on Intuition Faith Logic Emotion
Logic
At the end of the lady's speech, she makes a promise to the poet. What does she promise to do for him? She will help him get to heaven. She will raise him from the dead. She will speak highly of him when she returns to heaven. She will make sure his poem is read for generations to come.
She will speak highly of him when she returns to heaven.
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. "Later the Chosen Vessel journeyed beyond To bring back reassurance in the faith Which is the source of the way to salvation. "But I, why should I go? Who gives permission? I am not Aeneas, nor am I Paul! Not I nor anyone else would judge me worthy. "So, if I surrender myself to going there, I fear the undertaking shall prove folly. (II, 31-35) Who is the Chosen Vessel described in line 28? Aeneas St. Paul St. Lucia the Virgin Mary
St. Paul
St. Thomas Aquinas was known as _____. Select all that apply. The Philosopher The Church The Anthropologist The Angelic Doctor
The Philosopher The Angelic Doctor
In Neoplatonism, what are two important elements? All humans have the Intelligence of the One. The Soul can be reunited with the One. The past is the One's eternal memory. All existence comes from the One.
The Soul can be reunited with the One. All existence comes from the One.
What insight can be gained about an author's work through the analysis of images and moods? The frequency of the author's use of metaphor. The author's dependence on allusions to other works of literature. The author's position on significant themes. The author's attitude toward characters.
The author's position on significant themes.
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. I learned that to this unending torment Have been condemned the sinners of the flesh, Those who surrender reason to self-will. (V; l. 37-39) Which explains how the meaning of the passage would change if the word "torment" were replaced by the word "pain"? The passage would suggest that the sinners' suffering is self-inflicted. The passage would suggest that the sinners failed to resist their passionate desires. The passage would suggest that the sinners are responsible for their misdeeds in the mortal world. The passage would suggest that the sinners may be experiencing natural, rather than inflicted, discomfort.
The passage would suggest that the sinners may be experiencing natural, rather than inflicted, discomfort.
Why did writers use formats that were difficult to understand? The audience wanted a challenge Church officials demanded a great deal of literary devices The writers feared getting in trouble Philosophers struggled with overly simple ideas
The writers feared getting in trouble
How are the pilgrim and Aeneas alike? They both had lovers who died. They were both religious writers. They both traveled to the underworld They were both political leaders in Rome.
They both traveled to the underworld
An allusion can best be described as_______________________
a reference to another work
A(n) ______________ is a literary form that illustrated profound moral and spiritual meanings.
allegory
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. "...I sang of the just Son of Anchises who embarked from Troy (I, 73-74) In referring to The Aeneid, Virgil makes a(n) ________________
allusion
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. Halfway through the journey we are living (I, 1) With this line, Dante connects to the epic tradition by________________ .
beginning in media res
Arrange the time periods below in chronological order. 1. 2. 3. 4.
beginning of the Christian Era fall of the Roman Empire Dark Ages Middle Ages
Dante uses the "darkened forest" as a symbol for _____. Select all that apply. confusion abundant life political disorder spiritual connection to nature
confusion political disorder
What is the term for Dante's idea of eternal punishment based on the sin a person committed in life? anaphora contrapasso metaphor simile
contrapasso
Dante uses symbols like the three beasts in the Divine Comedy so that he can _____. Select all that apply. deepen the meaning confuse the reader include spiritual themes avoid punishment for political comments
deepen the meaning include spiritual themes avoid punishment for political comments
Because Augustine gained a better understanding of time, he was able to _____. defend the church release his memories become one with his soul show that the past is crucial
defend the church
Key ideas of the inscription on the Gate of Hell is that Hell is a place for _____. Select all that apply. eternity justice mercy suffering
eternity justice suffering
When Aquinas realized that he could not find all the answers, he turned to __________
faith
Dante the Pilgrim is characterized by allusions to Aeneas and the Apostle Paul because _____. he wishes to be associated with key Biblical figures he desires to highlight his virtuous actions by comparing them to those who were not virtuous he wants to be ranked among the greatest writers of the Western world he seeks to link himself with those who have taken similar journeys
he seeks to link himself with those who have taken similar journeys
Augustine characterizes human knowledge as _____ when compared to God. inspired ignorance wisdom insightful
ignorance
While different texts tend to feature the same allusions, the_________________ of these allusions are often quite different.
interpretations
Virgil is an appropriate guide for Dante at the beginning of the Divine Comedy because he _____. Select all that apply. is a pagan is Dante's mentor knows the way to Paradise describes Hell in The Aeneid
is Dante's mentor describes Hell in The Aeneid
Dante's decision to invoke the Muses is notable because _____. it reveals his contradictory nature it reveals his respect for artistic tradition it reveals his admiration of pre-Christian religions it reveals his interest in musical entertainment
it reveals his respect for artistic tradition
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. Sentence #1: When he saw the elderly gentleman struggling to open the heavy door, the noble young man left his seat to assist him. Sentence #2: In Renaissance theatres, the best seats were usually the highest up, and were reserved for nobles. In Sentence #1, the meaning of the underlined term is _____; in Sentence #2, the meaning of the underlined term is _____. honorable; powerful royal; honorable kind; royal powerful; kind
kind; royal
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. Behold, I answer to him who asks, What was God doing before He made heaven and earth? I answer not, as a certain person is reported to have done facetiously (avoiding the pressure of the question), He was preparing hell, says he, for those who pry into mysteries. (Book XI, Chapter 12) What does the word "facetiously" mean? lacking a serious or respectful attitude lacking pleasure or happiness nervously or anxiously quietly or privately
lacking a serious or respectful attitude
In what order did Thomas Aquinas live his life? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
lived in castle in Naples educated in a monastery received his doctorate in theology taught in Paris studied at Dominican monasteries
Which statements identify the roles Dante assumes in the Inferno? Select all that apply. narrator guide spiritual leader author
narrator author
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. "I was among those spirits in suspense: A lady called me, so beautiful and blessed That I at once implored her to command me. "Her eyes outshone the light of any star. Sweetly and softly she began to speak With the voice of an angel in her own words: (II, 52-57) Which of these words expresses an idea closest to that of command, as it is used in line 54? assist control manage order
order
One difference between the Middle Ages and previous eras is that during the Middle Ages _____. even the poorest people were taught to read people generally accepted the idea of monotheism rulers built roads that allowed new ideas to spread quickly people became skeptical of ideas that could not be proved by scientific methods
people generally accepted the idea of monotheism
Texts of the medieval period strongly relied on _____. philosophical ideas Roman traditions the Pope's authority pagan tradition
philosophical ideas
The scholastic method of teaching involves constant questioning experimenting compromising reading
questioning
One achievement of St. Thomas Aquinas was _____. becoming a bishop at a young age serving as a professor at the imperial court of Milan translating the Scriptures from Latin into medieval French reconciling Aristotle's logic with principles of the Roman Catholic faith
reconciling Aristotle's logic with principles of the Roman Catholic faith
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. As in the autumn the leaves peel away, One following another, until the bough Sees all its treasures spread upon the ground, In the same manner that evil seed of Adam Drifted from that shoreline one by one To a signal — like a falcon to its call. (III, 112-117) This passage uses the literary devices of _____. Select all that apply. anaphora metaphor sensory language simile
sensory language simile
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. Behold, I answer to him who asks, What was God doing before He made heaven and earth? I answer not, as a certain person is reported to have done facetiously (avoiding the pressure of the question), He was preparing hell, says he, for those who pry into mysteries. (Confessions; Book XI, Chapter 12) One goal of St. Augustine's discussion of time in his Confessions is to _____. demonstrate the dangers of intellectual pride discourage readers from exploring mysteries of faith reconcile Aristotle's explanation of time with medieval science show that reason can be used to understand human experience
show that reason can be used to understand human experience
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. The bites made blood streak down upon their faces; Blood mixed with tears ran coursing to their feet, And there repulsive worms sucked the blood back. (III, 67-69) In this passage, Dante's sensory language invokes the senses of _____. Select all that apply. hearing taste sight touch
sight touch
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. Like clouds of sand caught up in a whirlwind. (III, 30) In this passage, Dante is using the literary device called ____________
simile
Which set of words is the most negative in terms of connotative meaning? small: thin small: petite small; little small; scrawny
small; scrawny
At the beginning of Canto II, Dante invokes the Muses. What does Dante promise he will do in return? tell of their greatness stop fighting and rest a while act as if he were the Apostle Paul be courageous in his fight to return to earth
tell of their greatness
Medieval writers often structured a narrative by _____. telling a story within a story presenting events from the perspective of a Divine Being recounting the life of an ordinary person from beginning to end having many narrators tell the same story from different points of view
telling a story within a story
Which option best defines the Harrowing of Hell? a space between Heaven and Hell the question of what will happen to infants who die unbaptized the belief that Christ came to Underworld to rescue non-Christian souls the positioning of unbaptized souls on the edge of the pit that leads to Hell
the belief that Christ came to Underworld to rescue non-Christian souls
What are two major themes of Confessions, Book XI? future memories teaching religion the eternal God time
the eternal God time
Summa Theologica discusses all of these topics except _____. the purpose of angels the purpose of man the creation the nature of heaven
the nature of heaven
What was one of the major theological concerns addressed in Canto IV? the problem of what would happen to infants who died unbaptized the question of why non-Christians would be sent to Limbo the best way to reform non-believers the dilemma that prevents mortals from visiting the Underworld
the problem of what would happen to infants who died unbaptized
The beast that some commentators believe symbolizes the papacy is _____. the lion the leopard the she-wolf the greyhound
the she-wolf
What is theology? beliefs about which religion is best the study of the divine and its relationship to the world a practice founded by Dante's writings ideas about how best to reform sinners
the study of the divine and its relationship to the world
Order the sequence in which Dante sees things in Canto I of Inferno. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
the sunlit hilltop the leopard the lion the she-wolf Virgil
Which options represent common themes of medieval texts? Select all that apply. theological concerns status and class the responsibilities of parenthood sin and retribution
theological concerns status and class sin and retribution
According to Augustine, human beings are limited by time and God must also follow the laws of _____. heaven earth time space
time
For what reasons did medieval writers use allegory? Select all that apply. to establish an ironic point of view to explore deep spiritual meanings to share simple wisdom about how to live a happy life to protect themselves from political or religious persecution
to explore deep spiritual meanings to protect themselves from political or religious persecution
Which does NOT represent one of Dante's purposes in the Inferno? to define and explain the moral order of Christianity to explore the moral truths of Greek myth to encourage his readers to lead virtuous lives to entertain and engage his reader
to explore the moral truths of Greek myth
Read the excerpt below and answer the question. Thus in the Gospel He speaketh through the flesh; and this sounded outwardly in the ears of men; that it might be believed and sought inwardly, and found in the eternal Verity; where the good and only Master teacheth all His disciples. ....[E]ven when we are admonished through a changeable creature, we are but led to the unchangeable Truth. (Confessions; Book XI, Chapter 8) Based on what you know of Book XI, what is the most likely meaning of the underlined word, verity, as it is used above? reason logic truth perfection
truth
"Valley of salt tears" and "dark, deep and foggy" are two images used to establish a mood of_______________ and______________ .
uncertainty regret
Saint Thomas Aquinas was interested in angels because he _____. Select all that apply. thought that men could become angels to draw closer to God wanted to prove the existence of God desired to connect his philosophy with the Church was interested in the chain of the Divine
wanted to prove the existence of God was interested in the chain of the Divine
St. Thomas Aquinas and Aristotle both thought deeply about _____. the truth of monotheism what caused the fall of the Roman Empire what formed the basis of human knowledge the relationship among animals, humans, and angels
what formed the basis of human knowledge
According to Scholasticism, truth is God's ________________
will
Thomas Aquinas compared the senses to ________________
windows