ENV 121 Exam 2

The crude birth rate is the number of live births per ____ persons in a given year.

1000

Grasslands have ____ and can burn easily.

Low Inertia

The pollination of flowering plants by species such as honeybees is ____.

Mutualism

On a fishing boat, someone catches a swordfish. As a biologist, you would consider this organism a type of ____.

Nekton

What is the centerpiece of China's family planning and birth control policy?

One-child families

The hypothesis known as the demographic transition states as countries become industrialized and economically developed, their ____.

Populations grow more slowly

Fish adapted to cool, dark waters in lakes are found in the ____.

Profundal Zone

Demographers estimate the human population in 2050 to be between 7.8 and 10.8 billion—a range of three billion. Why is the estimated range so wide?

Projections are made by a variety of organizations

Scientists predict that human-enhanced global warming will have several effects. What is one of them?

Raising of sea levels

Each population in an ecosystem has a ____ to variations in its physical and chemical environment.

Range of Tolerance

The U.S. population is ____.

Rapidly growing

Population change is calculated using which formula?

(Births + Immigration) − (Deaths + Emigration)

The term greenhouse effect describes the ____.

Trapping of heat energy in the atmosphere

Since 1960, Chesapeake Bay has suffered from water pollution. What is a major cause of this?

Human population growth

What prevents coral reefs from surviving below the euphotic zone?

Inadequate sunlight

In certain areas of the open sea, winds, ocean currents, and other factors cause water to come up from the depths to the surface, bringing nutrient from the ocean bottom. This process is called a(n) ____.

Upwelling

Which term describes the temperature, precipitation, and humidity of an area over hours or days?

Weather

Which of the following would be characteristic of a eutrophic lake?

Well-supplied with nutrients for producers

After the last ice age about 10,000 years ago, the earth's climate warmed and humans ____.

Went from being hunter-gatherers to farmers

What is an example of a K-selected species?

Whales

A jellyfish would be considered a type of ____.

Zooplankton

By 1900, white-tailed deer populations in the United States were drastically reduced, but now, since laws have been passed to protect them and their natural predators, their population has ____.

Exploded

In 2014, more than half of the U.S. population lived ____.

Along or near a coast

Some species that tend to reproduce later in life and have a small number of offspring with long life spans ____.

Are vulnerable to extinction

The total fertility rate is the ____.

Average number of children born to women in their reproductive years

Large regions characterized by a certain climate and dominant plant life are called ____.

Biomes

Some prey species discourage predators with chemicals that are poisonous, irritating, foul smelling, or bad tasting. What is this called?

Chemical Warfare

The most important factor in determining which biome is found in a particular area is ____.

Climate

In the northern hemisphere, the earth's major ocean currents tend to circulate ____.

Clockwise

What is the most common interaction between species?

Competition

The hind wings of the Io moth resemble eyes of a much larger animal. What is this called?

Deceptive Looks

A population with more old people than young people is likely to have a(n)____.

Decrease in population

Which of the following is a major cause of increasing ocean acidification?

Rising levels of CO2

"Widely scattered clumps of trees, warm temperatures year-round, and alternating dry and wet seasons, with herds of herbivores" are the characteristics of which of the following?

Savanna

An example of an internal parasite is a ____.

Tapeworm

Some analysts argue that ____ has increased the earth's carrying capacity for the human species.

Technology

Which type of desert would have high daytime temperatures in summer, low temperatures in winter, and moderate precipitation?

Temperate Deserts

Redwoods are associated with which of the following?

Temperate Forest

Women are least likely to have fewer and healthier children when ____.

They marry at a young age

Four of the following are benefits that coral reefs provide. Which one is the exception?

They provide significant free oxygen