Env. Science- Quarter 4

Which of the following describes the accident at Chernobyl?

A nuclear reactor exploded and released radiation into the air.

The energy from the sun contributes to

All of the options

What would increase energy efficiency in the United States?

All of the options

Which of the following is/are negative consequences of gold mining in poor countries?

All of the options

This term refers to two or more metals that are combined.

Alloy

Which country consumes the most energy per person?

Canada

Which of the following does NOT correctly match the energy source with its advantages?

Coal can be easily obtained with minimal environmental damage.

A gasoline alternative that can be made from agricultural products is called ______________.

Ethanol

Examine the following sentence: "Fluorescent light bulbs are better than incandescent light bulbs." This sentence MOST LIKELY means

Fluorescent light bulbs are more energy efficient.

Which of the following is NOT a common class of rock?

Hydraulic

Which element might be the fuel of the future?

Hydrogen

Which of the following statements about hydrogen gas as a fuel source is correct?

Hydrogen gas can be burned as a fuel or used to produce electricity chemically.

Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear energy?

It does not produce air pollution.

Which one of the following states has the most natural coal deposits?

Montana

This energy source burns relatively cleanly.

Natural gas

What is the main reason why fewer nuclear power plants are being built today, compared to 40 years ago?

Nuclear power plants have become too expensive to generate electricity at a profit

This mining method is used for large ore deposits near the surface that are mined downward, layer by layer.

Open-pit mining

Which of the following is NOT a method of subsurface mining?

Open-pit mining

Which of the following would NOT be considered an aggregate?

Sea glass

Which of the following is a disadvantage of photovoltaic cells?

They need long periods of sunshine to produce a small electric current.

In coal mining, one of the most serious consequences is

Underground fires

A lifestyle change that can help conserve energy is

Using less of any resource

Double hulling is

a construction method used to prevent oil spills.

During the process of nuclear fission,

a neutron splits a uranium-235 atom, forming new elements and releasing several neutrons plus energy.

A heat exchanger is used in

active solar heating

Sand, gravel, and crushed rock are all examples of __________.

aggregates

Minerals are arranged in a regular, repeating geometric pattern of

atoms

Stream placers often occur

bends in rivers

Motor vehicles using gasohol or ethanol made from corn are examples of

biomass fuel

Acid will react with rocks that contain

calcite

The function of an electric generator is to

convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

In order for minerals to crystallize at the bottom of a body of water, they must first

dissolve

What are the five major factors influencing the value of a particular fuel?

energy content, cost, availability, safety, and byproducts

The percentage of energy put into a system that does useful work is called

energy efficiency

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that ore minerals may form?

flooding of empty stream beds and rivers

Solar energy, or energy from the sun, is contained in

fossil fuels

Gangue minerals

have no commercial value

A solar water heater uses

heat exchanger

The most energy-efficient vehicles available today are

hybrid cars

Flooding of habitats, disruption of ecosystems downstream, and reduced productivity of farmland are disadvantages of

hydroelectric energy.

Which of the following is considered a source of alternative energy?

hydrogen fuel

In countries such as Ghana, most of the gold is found

in underground mines

Nuclear fusion

involves the combining of atomic nuclei.

One disadvantage of wind energy is that

it must be transported from its source to where it is needed.

The mineral galena is mainly made of

lead

A fuel's suitability is dependent on all the following factors except

magnetism

Inside of a nuclear power plant, the controlled fission reaction occurs inside the

nuclear reactor

A geothermal power plant gets energy by

pumping heated water or steam from geothermal reserves

Wind, moving water, sunlight, and heat from Earth's interior are sources of

renewable energy

Reclamation is the process of

returning land to its original or better condition after mining

Crushed ore is melted at high temperatures to separate impurities from molten metal during

smelting

From whom must mining companies obtain permits before mining a site?

state and federal agencies

The process by which land sinks with little or no horizontal movement is known as

subsidence

Coal is formed when

swamplands are buried by sediment. Then the added weight creates heat and pressure, which converts the plants to coal.

Which of the following factors does not help predict future oil production?

the number of oil refineries operating in the past

In a nuclear power plant,

three pipe circuits pump water through the reactor, turbine, and cooling tower.

In developing countries, you are most likely to find biomass used

to generate electricity

Which of the following fuels does NOT release carbon dioxide when it is used to produce electrical energy?

uranium-235

Which of the following is an advantage of using fossil fuels for energy?

versatility in its uses

Which of the following is a major source of biomass fuel in developing countries?

wood