environmental science unit 2

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2.4

2.4

2.6

2.6

2.7

2.7

Approximately how much energy is lost in each transfer from one trophic level to another?

90 percent

2.1

2.1

2.10

2.10

2.11

2.11

2.12

2.12

2.13

2.13

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.3

Which country has implemented government policies to reduce birth rates?

China

Glaciers are part of which sphere?

Cryosphere

Which is an example of a primary consumer?

Mouse

Which of the following is part of the lithosphere?

Oceanic crust

Which is true about ecosystems?

Once defined, an ecosystem is a unit scientists can analyze

Why are parasite numbers pyramids often inverted, with the bottom level smallest?

One producer can have a large number of parasites

Which biogeochemical cycle is LEAST affected by human activities?

Oxygen cycle

Which biogeochemical cycle does NOT involve the atmosphere?

Phosphorus cycle

What was a major concern for marine life after Hurricane Floyd?

Pollutants and fertilizers in the runoff would cause algal blooms that would kill fish

Which of the following ecosystem factors is considered biotic?

Predator

What does a biomass pyramid shoe?

The distribution of matter in an ecosystem

How may the giant ground sloth have affected the Joshua trees range?

The ground sloth ate and dispersed the trees' seeds

Some predators are opportunistic feeders. What does this mean?

They scavenge at times as well as hunt

In which layer of the atmosphere do humans live?

Troposphere

Which is an example of how the lithosphere influences the atmosphere?

Volcanic eruptions

What technological advance in the Industrial Revolution sparked a population explosion?

Agriculture became mechanized

In the graph, air density has a similar pattern to which other atmospheric characteristic?

Air pressure

Which statement BEST describes an individual ecosystem?

An open system with regard to both energy and matter

Why is there often more consumer biomass than producer biomass in aquatic ecosystems, compared to land ecosystems where there is more producer biomass?

Aquatic producers tend to be very small and live a very short time

Which of the following variables always decreases as it flows through the trophic levels?

Available energy

Which of the following methods would you use to assess the status of the biosphere on a global basis?

Capturing satellite images of chlorophyll

What is the name given to those species that were present before the eruption that remained and aided in the first waves of succession?

Biological legacies

What is a group of similar ecosystems called?

Biome

Which is the MOST comprehensive ecological unit of the biosphere?

Biome

Which of the following conditions indicates a stable population?

Birth rates equal death rates

In the diagram of the oxygen cycle, which reservoir has the MOST oxygen?

C (Geosphere) has the most oxygen

What can we learn from the eruptions of Mount Saint Helens?

Ecosystems sometimes recover in a patchwork pattern after a major disturbance

An open system, such as an ecosystem, is characterized by which trait?

Energy can enter or leave the system

Which of the following is NOT part of a biogeochemical cycle?

Energy movements among the earth system spheres

How did flooding lead to an increase in fires in the Mojave desert, thus decreasing the Joshua tree population?

Flooding gave rise to more plant material, which became fuel for fires

A black sand beach would be considered part of which sphere?

Geosphere

Erosion is an example of the atmospheres interaction with which other earth system sphere?

Geosphere

The earth system concept emphasizes which of the following?

How everything on the earth is interconnected

Where does almost all the energy that drives life on the earth originate?

In the sun

Which is a major part of the saltwater in the hydrosphere?

Indian Ocean

Which is the smallest ecological entity?

Individual

Why is ecosystem difficult to define?

It applies to a vast number of areas with many different traits

Which of the following pairs of organisms are primary consumers?

Rabbits and elephants

Which stress on a population is a direct result of overcrowding?

Rapid spread of disease

What caused a change in the chemical composition of coastal waters during Hurricane Floyd?

Runoff from the flood waters that resulted from the hurricanes rains

To get a global view of temperature, which instrument could a scientist use?

Satellite

Beach erosion data from Hurricane Floyed would BEST be used for which of the following?

Setting guidlines for coastal housing development

What research finding about the aftermath of the eruptions of Mount Saint Helens most surprised scientists?

Some plant and animal species survived the eruptions

K-selection and r-selection are two different types of which term?

Species reproductive strategy

A protective layer that shields the surface from lethal ultraviolet light is found in which layer of the atmosphere?

Stratosphere

Which of the following spheres is NOT involved in the iron hypothesis?

Stratosphere

What was unusual about the Hurricanes of 1999 in North Carolina?

The amount of rainfall and flooding exceeded the 500-year level

What happened to the salinity of Pamlico Sound during Hurricane Floyd?

The salinity decreased

What parameter indicates that the size of the human population is increasing?

The time needed to add 1 billion people is decressing

What happened to the forests surrounding Mount Saint Helens after the eruption?

The trees were blown down or scorched over a 600km^2 area

How are rainbow trout in Spirit Lake today different from those in other mountain lakes?

The trout grow faster but have shorter life spans

What might be a consequence of unlimited human population growth?

There will not be enough resources to sustain a high human population

What do the ecosystems of a puddle, lake, river, jungle, mountain-top grassland, and deep-sea vent have in common?

They are defined by their biotic factors and abiotic factors

In addition to getting rid of dead animals and plants, what other helpful function do decomposers perform?

They recycle organic matter so it can be used by producers


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