environmental science unit 2
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
Approximately how much energy is lost in each transfer from one trophic level to another?
90 percent
2.1
2.1
2.10
2.10
2.11
2.11
2.12
2.12
2.13
2.13
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
Which country has implemented government policies to reduce birth rates?
China
Glaciers are part of which sphere?
Cryosphere
Which is an example of a primary consumer?
Mouse
Which of the following is part of the lithosphere?
Oceanic crust
Which is true about ecosystems?
Once defined, an ecosystem is a unit scientists can analyze
Why are parasite numbers pyramids often inverted, with the bottom level smallest?
One producer can have a large number of parasites
Which biogeochemical cycle is LEAST affected by human activities?
Oxygen cycle
Which biogeochemical cycle does NOT involve the atmosphere?
Phosphorus cycle
What was a major concern for marine life after Hurricane Floyd?
Pollutants and fertilizers in the runoff would cause algal blooms that would kill fish
Which of the following ecosystem factors is considered biotic?
Predator
What does a biomass pyramid shoe?
The distribution of matter in an ecosystem
How may the giant ground sloth have affected the Joshua trees range?
The ground sloth ate and dispersed the trees' seeds
Some predators are opportunistic feeders. What does this mean?
They scavenge at times as well as hunt
In which layer of the atmosphere do humans live?
Troposphere
Which is an example of how the lithosphere influences the atmosphere?
Volcanic eruptions
What technological advance in the Industrial Revolution sparked a population explosion?
Agriculture became mechanized
In the graph, air density has a similar pattern to which other atmospheric characteristic?
Air pressure
Which statement BEST describes an individual ecosystem?
An open system with regard to both energy and matter
Why is there often more consumer biomass than producer biomass in aquatic ecosystems, compared to land ecosystems where there is more producer biomass?
Aquatic producers tend to be very small and live a very short time
Which of the following variables always decreases as it flows through the trophic levels?
Available energy
Which of the following methods would you use to assess the status of the biosphere on a global basis?
Capturing satellite images of chlorophyll
What is the name given to those species that were present before the eruption that remained and aided in the first waves of succession?
Biological legacies
What is a group of similar ecosystems called?
Biome
Which is the MOST comprehensive ecological unit of the biosphere?
Biome
Which of the following conditions indicates a stable population?
Birth rates equal death rates
In the diagram of the oxygen cycle, which reservoir has the MOST oxygen?
C (Geosphere) has the most oxygen
What can we learn from the eruptions of Mount Saint Helens?
Ecosystems sometimes recover in a patchwork pattern after a major disturbance
An open system, such as an ecosystem, is characterized by which trait?
Energy can enter or leave the system
Which of the following is NOT part of a biogeochemical cycle?
Energy movements among the earth system spheres
How did flooding lead to an increase in fires in the Mojave desert, thus decreasing the Joshua tree population?
Flooding gave rise to more plant material, which became fuel for fires
A black sand beach would be considered part of which sphere?
Geosphere
Erosion is an example of the atmospheres interaction with which other earth system sphere?
Geosphere
The earth system concept emphasizes which of the following?
How everything on the earth is interconnected
Where does almost all the energy that drives life on the earth originate?
In the sun
Which is a major part of the saltwater in the hydrosphere?
Indian Ocean
Which is the smallest ecological entity?
Individual
Why is ecosystem difficult to define?
It applies to a vast number of areas with many different traits
Which of the following pairs of organisms are primary consumers?
Rabbits and elephants
Which stress on a population is a direct result of overcrowding?
Rapid spread of disease
What caused a change in the chemical composition of coastal waters during Hurricane Floyd?
Runoff from the flood waters that resulted from the hurricanes rains
To get a global view of temperature, which instrument could a scientist use?
Satellite
Beach erosion data from Hurricane Floyed would BEST be used for which of the following?
Setting guidlines for coastal housing development
What research finding about the aftermath of the eruptions of Mount Saint Helens most surprised scientists?
Some plant and animal species survived the eruptions
K-selection and r-selection are two different types of which term?
Species reproductive strategy
A protective layer that shields the surface from lethal ultraviolet light is found in which layer of the atmosphere?
Stratosphere
Which of the following spheres is NOT involved in the iron hypothesis?
Stratosphere
What was unusual about the Hurricanes of 1999 in North Carolina?
The amount of rainfall and flooding exceeded the 500-year level
What happened to the salinity of Pamlico Sound during Hurricane Floyd?
The salinity decreased
What parameter indicates that the size of the human population is increasing?
The time needed to add 1 billion people is decressing
What happened to the forests surrounding Mount Saint Helens after the eruption?
The trees were blown down or scorched over a 600km^2 area
How are rainbow trout in Spirit Lake today different from those in other mountain lakes?
The trout grow faster but have shorter life spans
What might be a consequence of unlimited human population growth?
There will not be enough resources to sustain a high human population
What do the ecosystems of a puddle, lake, river, jungle, mountain-top grassland, and deep-sea vent have in common?
They are defined by their biotic factors and abiotic factors
In addition to getting rid of dead animals and plants, what other helpful function do decomposers perform?
They recycle organic matter so it can be used by producers
