eoc 2013 and 2014 released combined
Which quotation could most likely be attributed to Sandra Day O'Connor?
"The power I exert on the Court depends on the power of my arguments, not on my gender."
Which situation demonstrates one way that U.S. culture has spread to other parts of the world? .
A teenage girl buys a hip-hop CD in China.
Which of the following was a defining characteristic of the United States during the 1930s?
An extended period of economic depression
English Word Navajo Word Meaning Dive-bomber Gini Chicken hawk Fighter plane Da-he-tih-hi Hummingbird Bomber Jay-sho Buzzard America Ne-he-Mah Our Mother Germany Besh-be-cha-he Iron hat Philippines Ke-yah-da-na-lhe Floating land ---------------------- How were the Navajo words in this table used during World War II?
As a language of diplomacy for exchanges with enemy forces
In 1997, Vernon Baker was awarded the Medal of Honor. How was this award historically significant?
Baker was the only living African American veteran of World War II ever to receive the medal.
Discontent with major political parties leads to the organization of a third party. Potential voters mobilize support for the third party. The third party becomes competition for the major parties. ----------------------------------------------------------- How have major parties reacted to the scenario described above?
By addressing the issues raised by the third parties
Success doesn't just happen to a company or to an individual. Success comes as a result of clear thinking and long-range planning. And that is just what the young engineer in the picture is doing. He is studying the many possibilities of a career in guided missiles. ---------------- Jobs such as the ones described in this 1956 advertisement became available because —
Cold War defense programs had spurred technological innovation
Which pull factor contributed to the Great Migration?
Economic opportunities in industrialized cities
What does President Bill Clinton's impeachment trial reflect about modern U.S. politics?
Elected officials face greater scrutiny of their personal lives.
government poster directly related to the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
Employment Discrimation is Illegal
The participants in this week's antidraft demonstration . . . are . . . students or young men . . . who are working within a coalition . . . which calls itself the Stop the Draft Week Committee. . . . —Douglas Robinson, New York Times, December 6, 1967 The demonstration described in this article was most likely prompted by —
Escalated deployment of US forces to Vietnam
You, Mr. President, are not declaring a quarantine, but rather are setting forth an ultimatum and threatening that if we do not give in to your demands you will use force. —Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev, letter to President John F. Kennedy, October 24, 1962 Which U.S. action is Khrushchev challenging in this excerpt?
Establishing a naval blockade to stop the shipment of missiles to Cuba
Company A Special Text messaging plans starting at 25¢ per text Company B Special Add a family text message plan $29.99 for 1,000 text messages per month Company C Special Upgrade to a monthly unlimited data plan for $49.99 What do these advertisements suggest to consumers?
Free Enterprise promotes competition between cell phone providers
How did the publication of Upton Sinclair's The Jungle contribute to a change in the relationship between government and business?
Government regulations requiring the inspection of food products were implemented.
The skill and courage of the Tuskegee Airmen served to —
Hdecrease opposition to integrating the armed forces
What role did Arkansas governor Orval Faubus play in the Little Rock Crisis?
He challenged the authority of the federal government to desegregate schools.
Selected Wars Between Israeli and Arab Forces • First Arab-Israeli War, 1948-1949 • Six-Day War, June 1967 • Yom Kippur War, October 1973 How did President Jimmy Carter attempt to end hostilities between the groups that fought these wars?
He helped negotiate a peace treaty known as the Camp David Accords.
Which statement best describes a major impact Bill Gates has had on U.S. business and technology?
He started the company that provides operating software for most personal computers.
This table shows the number of votes received in the state of Florida by the three leading candidates in the 2000 presidential election. Candidate Party Votes Received George W. Bush Republican 2,912,790 Al Gore Democratic 2,912,253 Ralph Nader Green 97,488 --------------------------------------------- Which of the following best describes Ralph Nader's effect on the election in Florida?
His candidacy drew crucial votes away from the other candidates.
Which of these is an effect rock and roll had on society in the United States in the 1950s?
It contributed to a cultural divide between generations
Which of the following was a major contribution of the Harlem Renaissance to U.S. culture?
It established jazz as a prominent musical form.
How did the military innovation (TANK) affect the course of World War I?
It helped break the stalemate of trench warfare.
How did President Harry S. Truman's decision to drop the atomic bomb affect international relations?
It initiated the arms race with the Soviet Union.
When citizens can only meet in public for certain purposes, they regard such meetings as a strange proceeding of rare occurrence, and they rarely think at all about it. When they are allowed to meet freely for all purposes, they ultimately look upon public association as the universal, or in a manner the sole, means which men can employ to accomplish the different purposes they may have in view. —Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, 1840 Which value is best reflected in this excerpt?
Liberty
Most states allow citizens to vote in elections after presenting a voter-registration card. Some federal legislators attempted to pass a bill requiring another form of identification for voting. Some citizens who opposed this proposed bill solicited donations and hired someone to talk to members of Congress on their behalf. The hired representative met with the members of Congress and attempted to persuade them to vote against the bill. What type of political activity is described in this scenario?
Lobbying
Supported Opposed Civil disobedience - Expressions of violence Nonviolent resistance - Racial separatism Desegregation - Political compromises The name of which civil rights leader best completes the title of the graphic?
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Selected Events in the History of Ford Motor Company 1908 Ford begins manufacturing the Model T. 1913 Ford introduces the first moving automobile assembly line. 1914 The Ford Motor Company doubles worker pay to $5.00 a day and cuts the length of a shift from nine hours to eight. 1921 The Ford Motor Company accounts for 55 percent of the automotive industry's total production. Source: The Henry Ford -------------------------------------- How did the events on this time line affect U.S. businesses?
Mass-manufacturing techniques were adopted to maximize production.
During the 1920s, what was one result of innovations in U.S. transportation technology?
Mass-produced automobiles made travel more affordable for many people.
What was the primary reason for U.S. involvement in East Asia during the early 1950s?
North Korean attempts to unify the peninsula challenged the U.S. policy of containment.
Decline in worldwide trade ? Bank failures = Great Depression __________________________________ Which of the following best completes this graphic organizer?
Overspeculation in the stock market
What is one ongoing result of the New Deal?
People can rely more on the federal government during times of economic distress.
Today the world is heavily dependent on for motive power, lubrication, fuel, dyes, drugs, and many synthetics. The widespread use of has created serious environmental problems. The great quantities that are burned . . . generate most of the air pollution in industrialized countries, and [spills have] polluted oceans and coastlines. —The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2007 (accessed January 19, 2010) ------------------------------------------ Which of these natural resources correctly fills in the blanks in this excerpt?
Petroleum
How did press coverage of events during the Vietnam War affect the United States?
Reporting on military setbacks contributed to public disillusionment with the war
In 1979 the Shah of Iran was forced into exile. The U.S. government later allowed the Shah to enter the United States for medical treatment. This perceived U.S. support for the Shah of Iran resulted in which of the following?
Revolutionaries kidnapped a group of U.S. citizens in Iran.
Speaker 1: A continuing proliferation of weapons will result in global war. Speaker 2: Conventional arms are more important than advanced technology. Speaker 3: The military draft is essential for combat preparedness. Speaker 4: Increased defensive strength will discourage aggression by others. --------------------- Which speaker would most likely agree with President Ronald Reagan's national security policies?
Speaker 4
Statement 1: The U.S. oil industry boomed due to oil deposits found in conquered territories. Statement 2: Rebuilding its devastated army cost the United States an enormous amount of money. Statement 3: The acquisition of new territories allowed for the expansion of U.S. commercial trade. Statement 4: Territorial losses forced the United States to purchase expensive natural resources from other countries. ----------------------------------------------------- Which statement would most likely be found in a history of the economic impact of the Spanish-American War on the United States?
Statement 3: The acquisition of new territories allowed for the expansion of U.S. commercial trade.
Geographic Features of New Orleans How did these features affect New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina?
Storm waters flooded the city after several levees broke
The demographics of the United States are changing rapidly because of factors such as longer life expectancy and large-scale immigration. People closely watching these trends include corporate executives and the advertisers they hire to market their products to consumers. -------------------- Which marketing strategy is most clearly a result of the changing demographic patterns described above?
Telecommunication companies spend increasing amounts of money on commercials that air on Spanish-language radio stations.
We are not now required to ascertain the scope of the phrase "general welfare of the United States" or to determine whether an appropriation in aid of agriculture falls within it. Wholly apart from that question, another principle embedded in our Constitution prohibits the enforcement of the Agricultural Adjustment Act. . . . It is a statutory plan to regulate and control agricultural production, a matter beyond the powers delegated to the federal government. —United States v. Butler, 1936 --------------------- Which constitutional amendment did the Supreme Court use as a basis of this ruling?
Tenth
The 1943 Hollywood movie Song of Russia was produced with the encouragement of the Office of War Information (OWI). At the time the movie was made, the United States and the Soviet Union were allies in the fight against Nazi Germany. The movie tells the story of an American conductor who falls in love with a Russian pianist just before World War II. Together they spend time in an idealized version of the Soviet Union. When the Nazis invade, they join Soviet villagers in the resistance. ----------------------------------- Which group later investigated the political ideology and actions of many people associated with this film?
The House Un-American Activities Committee
Militant Americanism was dominant in Washington today—in those quarters of the capital where action counts in this perilous time. By one bold strike President Wilson had emboldened the timid, scattered his enemies, and brought honest critics to his side. The exposure of the German Government's attempt to line up Japan and Mexico with Germany in a war against the United States caused hesitating Senators and Representatives to come out in the open with declarations of support of the President and his method of dealing with the German submarine menace. While the international situation is more critical, the atmosphere has been cleared of doubt and misunderstanding, and Germany's enmity is now clearly revealed. —New York Times, March 2, 1917 ------------------ What was one result of the events reported in the excerpt above?
The U.S. government abandoned its official policy of neutrality.
Which of these best explains why worldwide reactions to U.S. involvement in Vietnam grew increasingly hostile during the late 1960s and early 1970s?
The United States was viewed as an aggressor invading an underdeveloped nation.
Which of these was a major goal of Jane Addams's Settlement House movement in Chicago?
The assimilation of immigrants
In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. Such an opportunity, where the state has undertaken to provide it, is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms. —Chief Justice Earl Warren, 1954 ---------------------------- Which action occurred as a result of the Supreme Court decision excerpted above?
The desegregation of public schools
The Twenty-second Amendment was passed in response to which event?
The election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to a fourth presidential term
An employee contacts his supervisor to request time off guaranteed to him under the Family and Medical Leave Act. Under which circumstance do the provisions of this law apply?
The employee qualifies for time off to care for a newborn child.
Sit-in Protest at Woolworth's Lunch Counter in Greensboro, N.C. ---------- Freedom Rides Begin from Washington, D.C. ----------- 250,000 Participate in March on Washington ------------------------------------------------------- What was the main result of the events referred to in these headlines?
The expansion of political and economic opportunities for minority citizens
Bringing stability and unity to a free Iraq will not be easy. Yet that is no excuse to leave the Iraqi regime's torture chambers and poison labs in operation. Any future the Iraqi people choose for themselves will be better than the nightmare world that Saddam Hussein has chosen for them. —President George W. Bush, February 2003 ---------------------- How did the goal described in this excerpt most affect the U.S. economy?
The federal debt increased dramatically as a result of military spending.
Which of the following occurred as a result of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
The federal government could dissolve business monopolies.
FDIC Insured What does the sticker in this illustration represent to patrons of this bank?
The federal government's assurance of protection on individual bank deposits
To His Excellency William McKinley, President, and the Senate, of the United States of America . . . We, the undersigned, native Hawaiian citizens . . . who are members of the Hawaiian Patriotic League of the Hawaiian Islands, and others who are in sympathy with the said League, earnestly protest against the . . . [addition] of the said Hawaiian Islands to the said United States of America in any form or shape. — Petition, 1897 What were these Hawaiian citizens protesting?
The forced annexation of the islands as a U.S. territory after the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy
Which of these contributed to the ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment?
The growing political influence of women
Which of the following resulted from the U.S.-led military coalition's engagement in the Persian Gulf War?
The nation of Kuwait was liberated.
In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note . . . that all men . . . would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. . . . Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check. . . . We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and security of justice. —"I Have a Dream," Martin Luther King, Jr., 1963 --------------------------------- What is a major result of the campaign described by Martin Luther King, Jr.?
The national identity of the United States has become more inclusive.
What was one reason for the expansion of machine politics in the late nineteenth century?
The rapid influx of immigrants made it difficult for local governments to provide basic services.
Which of these resulted from the prohibition of alcohol during the 1920s?
The rise of organized crime
? Soldiers dug trenches. = A stalemate developed along the western front. ____________________________ Which action completes this diagram?
The use of machine guns resulted in massive casualties.
Why did the United States adopt the motto In God We Trust in 1956?
To distinguish the nation from countries that restricted religious practices
Why did the Populist Party want free coinage of silver?
To increase the amount of money in circulation
WAR GARDENS FOR VICTORY! GROW VITAMINS RIGHT AT YOUR KITCHEN DOOR! ---------- What was a primary purpose of the program being promoted by this poster?
To increase the food supply during a farm-labor shortage
TVA: An integrated program of the Tennessee River Watershed, for National Defense, Flood Control and Navagation Why did the federal government create this program in 1933?
To promote jobs and improve the regional standard of living.
There is a solidarity and interdependence about the modern world . . . which makes it impossible for any nation completely to isolate itself from economic and political upheavals in the rest of the world, especially when such upheavals appear to be spreading and not declining. . . . International anarchy destroys every foundation for peace. It jeopardizes . . . the future security of every nation, large or small. It is, therefore, a matter of vital interest and concern to the people of the United States that the sanctity of international treaties and the maintenance of international morality be restored. —President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1937 -----------------------------
U.S. involvement in World War II
Which civic action demonstrates the most fundamental responsibility of citizens in a democracy?
Voting in a presidential election
Dear Stop ERA Friend . . . In the face of all the pressure the ERAers are exerting this month, we need to remind all our Senators and Representatives that we are counting on them — 1) To vote NO on ERA, and 2) To resist all efforts to eliminate the 3/5th majority that the Illinois Constitution requires for constitutional amendments. —Letter from the National Chairman of Stop ERA, December 6, 1978 The author of this letter was —
a leader of a conservative interest group
in the nineteenth-century the United States was beginning to change from —
a mostly rural society to a mostly urban one
Boycott RED COACH LETTUCE...is words on a poster. This 1972 poster depicts an organization originally formed to advocate —
better economic treatment of migrant workers
During the 1920s, Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan were most closely identified with the —
conflict between modernism and traditionalism
Although the women of America are one step nearer to nylon stockings as a result of new ceiling price schedules . . . , the prospect of "nylons for Christmas," except for a favored few, is not good, hosiery manufacturers said yesterday. —"Outlook Is Gloomy for Christmas Nylons," New York Times, November 10, 1945 -------------------------------------- This excerpt suggests that U.S. consumers were affected by —
continued supply shortages after World War II
President Franklin D. Roosevelt sought to reassure the American public during uncertain economic times by —
delivering a series of evening radio speeches known as fireside chats
Onset of World War II--Acceleration of the Manhattan Project --------------------------------------------- This diagram indicates that during World War II the federal government —
developed a new weapon designed to gain a strategic advantage over enemies
The Union of Concerned Scientists, an organization of citizens and scientists working toward environmental solutions, has a website with information about the risks of nuclear power plants. The site includes a feature called the Nuclear Power Information Tracker and other resources designed to help enhance public access to information about power-plant safety and the link between nuclear power and global warming. -------------------------------------- This organization most likely encourages Congress to pass legislation that —
focuses on finding clean and renewable energy sources
America's present need is not heroics but healing; . . . not revolution but restoration; . . . not submergence in internationality but sustainment in triumphant nationality. —Warren G. Harding, presidential campaign speech, 1920 ------- This excerpt illustrates Harding's campaign promise to be a president who would
help the country recover from the turmoil of the previous decade
Jackie Robinson first rose to national prominence in the late 1940s when he —
helped bring an end to racial segregation in Baseball
The Federal Housing Administration is a New Deal agency that continues to assist many Americans primarily by
helping them obtain mortgage loans from banks
One way the development of the Internet has improved the quality of life in the United States is by —
increasing the ease of obtaining information
The ideas contained in the Declaration of Independence helped —
inspire people in other countries to question the authority of their government
The Roaring Twenties were characterized by —
installment plans, Prohibition, and flappers
For the purpose of enabling each State to furnish financial assistance, as far as practicable under the conditions in such State, to aged needy individuals, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated . . . for each fiscal year a sum sufficient to carry out the purposes of this title. —Social Security Act of 1935, Title 1, Section 1 How did the legislation excerpted above affect the relationship between the U.S. government and its citizens?
it made the government more responsible for people's individual welfare
The primary reason given by U.S. leaders to justify military involvement in Vietnam was that it would —
keep communism from spreading throughout the region
The introduction of vaccines to the United States helped —
limit the spread of infectious diseases
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 eliminated —
literacy tests as prerequisites for voting
The opponents of . . . recall, however they may phrase their opposition, in reality believe the people can not be trusted. On the other hand, those of us who espouse these measures do so because of our deep-rooted belief in popular government, and not only in the right of the people to govern, but in their ability to govern; and this leads us logically to the belief that if the people have the right, the ability, and the intelligence to elect, they have as well the right, ability, and intelligence to reject or to recall. . . . — California governor Hiram Johnson, inaugural address, 1911 The reform discussed by Governor Johnson in this excerpt —
made elected officials more directly accountable to their constituents
During the nineteenth century, one way political bosses gained voter support was by —
making improvements in urban infrastructure
One action that influenced the U.S.-Soviet signing of the SALT I treaty in 1972 was President Richard Nixon's —
opening of diplomatic relations with China
Upon entering World War I, the United States enlarged its military by —
passing the Selective Service Act
The President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity established by this order is directed immediately to scrutinize and study employment practices of the Government of the United States, and to consider and recommend additional affirmative steps which should be taken by executive departments and agencies to realize more fully the national policy of nondiscrimination within the executive branch of the Government. —President John F. Kennedy, Executive Order 10925, 1961 ---------------------------------------- The primary objective of the executive order excerpted here was to —
promote fair employment practices in government agencies
Nineteenth-century nativist organizations advocated —
promoting an ethnically homogeneous society through restrictions on immigration
In January 1932 Congress approved the formation of an independent government agency called the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC). The RFC was funded by the U.S. Treasury and was authorized to make loans to banks, railroads, life insurance companies, and other large businesses devastated by the Great Depression. President Herbert Hoover believed that funds disbursed through the RFC would eventually benefit the average citizen through job growth, higher wages, and the protection of bank accounts and insurance policies. ------------------------------------ The Reconstruction Finance Corporation is similar to later New Deal legislation in that both —
protected the economy through government intervention in private business
In the nineteenth-century the United States changed from a mostly___________ society to a mostly ______________ society
rural, urban
Senator Joseph McCarthy is best known for his involvement in —
the Red Scare of the 1950s
No single great material work which remains to be undertaken on this continent is of such consequence to the American people as the building of a canal across the Isthmus connecting North and South America. Its importance to the Nation is by no means limited merely to its material effects upon our business prosperity. . . . -------------- The policy outlined in the excerpt was directly influenced by problems that the U.S. Navy had recently confronted during —President Theodore Roosevelt
the Spanish-American War
Another visual mark of change has been in clothing styles. As radical groups have all but disappeared from most colleges and high schools . . . the street-fighting uniforms, the Army surplus look, the blue jeans and work shirts, and the costumes of the "freaks," the tie-dyed, thrift shop and frontier scout styles, have become rarer and rarer. With some exceptions, . . . students are dressing up more—not high-style, but neater, cleaner and brighter. —Douglas E. Kneeland, New York Times This excerpt describes changes in student fashion toward the end of —
the counterculture movement
As the human population grows in the Flagstaff region, we increase the impact of transportation corridors (such as roads and rails) and land use changes (such as urban and rural development) on wildlife populations. . . . To that end, the City of Flagstaff and Coconino County requested wildlife corridor information from the Arizona Game and Fish Department. . . . —Jessica Gist and Sarah Reif, Arizona Game and Fish Department, August 2009 The establishment of the wildlife corridors discussed in the excerpt was most likely necessary to prevent —
the disruption of animal migration
The creation of initiative, referendum, and recall procedures during the Progressive Era resulted in —
the expansion of citizens' direct participation in the democratic process
24 Under the U.S. Constitution, the government may not take private property unless —
the government pays the owner fair compensation for the land
The entertainment industry is one of California's major industries and one of America's largest exports. However, in recent years, more film and TV production has gone abroad. . . . Senator Boxer pushed legislation, now law, to provide a tax break to encourage film and TV production to stay in the United States. —Website of Senator Barbara Boxer of California (accessed April 16, 2010) Senator Boxer supported the legislation mentioned in this excerpt most likely because she was concerned that —
the loss of domestic production work would result in fewer job opportunities for Americans
Founded in 1913 as the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (CU), the National Woman's Party (NWP) was instrumental in raising public awareness of the women's suffrage campaign. . . . The NWP effectively commanded the attention of politicians and the public through its aggressive agitation, relentless lobbying, clever publicity stunts, and creative examples of civil disobedience and nonviolent confrontation. —Library of Congress ----------------------------------- The political activism of the group described in the excerpt contributed directly to —
the ratification of the 19th Amendment
Chronic wrongdoing, . . . which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing . . . to the exercise of an international police power. —President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904 President Roosevelt issued this statement in response to —
the threat of European intervention in Latin America
The government issued ration books during World War II in order to —
to allow fair distribution of scarce goods
What major operation ordered by President Harry S. Truman in 1948, was designed to allow an airplane to land every three minutes. Why was this operation undertaken?
to provide supplies for a blockaded city. The Berlin Airlift