Epic Beginnings
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh backed away, He said,"How dreadful Humbaba's face has become!It is changing into a thousand nightmarefaces, more horrible than I can bear.I feel haunted. I am too afraid to go on." Enkidu answered, "Why, dear friend,do you speak like a coward? What you just saidis unworthy of you. It grieves my heart.We must not hesitate or retreat.Two intimate friends cannot be defeated.Be courageous. Remember how strong you are.I will stand by you. Now let us attack." Gilgamesh felt his courage return.They charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls. Which statement best paraphrases evidence to support the conclusion that Gilgamesh is courageous? A. Humbaba's face is so terrifyingly hideous that it must have taken great courage for the men to even look at him in the first place. B. Encouraged by Enkidu's bravery, Gilgamesh pretends to be brave and follows Enkidu's lead in attacking Humbaba. C. Enkidu, Gilgamesh's closest friend, reminds him that he must be courageous so they can defeat Humbaba together. D. Despite his momentary horror at seeing Humbaba's dreadful face, Gilgamesh overcomes his fear with encouragement from his companion.
Despite his momentary horror at seeing Humbaba's dreadful face, Gilgamesh overcomes his fear with encouragement from his companion.
Which statement is a theme? A. Two friends travel in search of the dreaded monster. B. The Cedar Forest is a marvel of towering trees. C. Encouragement can be a source of strength. D. Humbaba is an evil monster who is defeated.
Encouragement can be a source of strength.
Read Micah's inference about Beowulf. Beowulf does not fear death. Read the passage from Beowulf. If Grendel wins, it will be a gruesome day;he will glut himself on the Geats in the war-hall,swoop without fear on that flower of manhood as on others before. Then my face won't be thereto be covered in death: he will carry me away as he goes to ground, gorged and bloodied;he will run gloating with my raw corpse and feed on it alone, in a cruel frenzy,fouling his moor-nest. No need then to lament for long or lay out my body:if the battle takes me, send back this breast-webbing that Weland fashioned and Hrethel gave me, to Lord Hygelac. Fate goes ever as fate must." Which sentence or phrase from the passage most likely helped Micah make his inference? A. it will be a gruesome day; B. Then my face won't be there to be covered in death: C. if the battle takes me, send back this breast-webbing D. Fate goes ever as fate must.
Fate goes ever as fate must.
In Gilgamesh: A New English Version, Gilgamesh repeatedly has dreams and says, "Enkidu, dear friend, I have had a dream." What effect does this repetition have? A. It creates a main idea that the audience can understand, and it establishes Gilgamesh as the main character. B. It creates a rhythmic pattern that the audience can follow, and it signals that the audience will hear a new dream. C. It creates a new structure that the audience needs to hear, and it shows how long Gilgamesh's journey has been. D. It creates a vivid image that the audience can see, and it establishes a more realistic way of storytelling.
It creates a rhythmic pattern that the audience can follow, and it signals that the audience will hear a new dream.
. Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Then, from heaven, the voice of the god called to Gilgamesh: "Hurry, attack,attack Humbaba while the time is right,before he enters the depths of the forest,before he can hide there and wrap himself in his seven auras with their paralyzing glare.He is wearing just one now. Attack him! Now!" What effect does Lord Shamash's intervention have on the epic? A. It scares Gilgamesh and leads the audience to believe that Gilgamesh will lose. B. It encourages Gilgamesh to fight and adds excitement for the audience. C. It causes Gilgamesh to run away and increases the audience's unease. D. It causes Gilgamesh to slowly withdraw and provides the audience with relief.
It encourages Gilgamesh to fight and adds excitement for the audience.
After each dream, Gilgamesh says to Enkidu, "Dear friend, tell me, what does this mean?" What effect does this repetition have? A. It signals that Gilgamesh will defeat Humbaba. B. It reinforces Enkidu's role as Gilgamesh's adviser. C. It emphasizes the terrifying nature of Gilgamesh's dream. D. It suggests that Gilgamesh rejects supernatural powers.
It reinforces Enkidu's role as Gilgamesh's adviser.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. At four hundred miles they stopped to eat,at a thousand miles they pitched their camp.They had traveled for just three days and nights,a six weeks' journey for ordinary men.When the sun was setting, they dug a well,they filled their waterskins with fresh water, Gilgamesh climbed to the mountaintop What characteristic of an epic hero does the excerpt reveal? A. bravery in the face of danger B. willingness to endure a voyage C. ability to deliver compelling speeches D. tendency to seek supernatural assistance
willingness to endure a voyage
Which detail from Gilgamesh: A New English Version best illustrates a challenging journey? A. The two men travel a thousand miles at a time before they stop for the night. B. Gilgamesh makes an offering to the mountain and asks for a favorable dream. C. Gilgamesh dreams that an enormous mountain falls on him and Enkidu. D. The two men can hear the roar of Humbaba as they get to the Cedar Forest.
The two men travel a thousand miles at a time before they stop for the night.
Read the passage from Beowulf. Wealhtheow came in,Hrothgar's queen, observing the courtesies.Adorned in her gold, she graciously saluted the men in hall, then handed the cup first to Hrothgar, their homeland's guardian,urging him to drink deep and enjoy it because he was dear to them. And he drank it down like the warlord he was, with festive cheer.So the Helming woman went on her rounds,queenly and dignified, decked out in rings,offering the goblet to all ranks,treating the household and the assembled troop until it was Beowulf's turn to take it from her hand.With measured words she welcomed the Great and thanked God for granting her wish that a deliverer she could believe in would arrive to ease their afflictions. Which inference is most supported by the passage? A. Wealhtheow is more interested in wealth and power than she is in the safety of her people. B. Wealhtheow is not pleased that Beowulf and his men have arrived to fight with Grendel. C. Wealhtheow is nervous speaking in front of Beowulf and his men because she is afraid of them. D. Wealhtheow has not been impressed by the men who have fought Grendel up to this point.
Wealhtheow has not been impressed by the men who have fought Grendel up to this point.
Read the passage from Beowulf. They marched in step,hurrying on till the timbered hallrose before them, radiant with gold.Nobody on earth knew of anotherbuilding like it. Majesty lodged there,its light shone over many lands. Which feature of Old English poetry did this modern translation maintain? A. alliteration B. full lines C. rhyme D. short pauses
alliteration
Read the excerpt from Grendel. Thus I fled, ridiculous hairy creature torn apart by poetry—crawling, whimpering, streaming tears, across the world like a two-headed beast, like mixed-up lamb and kid at the tail of a baffled, indifferent ewe—and I gnashed my teeth and clutched the sides of my head as if to heal the split, but I couldn't. How is Grendel characterized in this excerpt? A. as humorous and comical B. as violent and dangerous C. as upset and confused D. as weak and sickly
as upset and confused
biblio = "book"c ircum- = "around" crypto = "hidden" graph = "written" hemi- = "half"s cribe = "write" sphere = "ball" Which word is spelled incorrectly? A. cryptograph B. hemisphere C. bibliography D. cercumscribe
cercumscribe
Read the sentence. Abashed by the harsh criticism, the mortifying writer decided to rewrite the beginning of the book. What is the best way to revise the sentence? A. change "Abashed" to "Abashing" B. change "mortifying" to "mortified" C. change "to rewrite" to "rewriting" D. change "beginning" to "began"
change "mortifying" to "mortified"
chron = "time" geo = "earth" graph = "write" meter = "measure" Which word most likely means "a timepiece fitted with a recording device that marks down exact intervals of time"? A. chronograph B. chronometer C. geographic D. geometric
chronograph
What topics are commonly explored in epics? Select 3 options. A. love and romance B. fame and glory C. academia D. perseverance E. leadership
fame and glory perseverance leadership
Read the passage from Beowulf. Then it was like old times in the echoing hall,proud talk and the people happy,loud and excited; until soon enough Halfdane's heir had to be away to his night's rest. He realized that the demon was going to descend on the hall,that he had plotted all day, from dawn-light until darkness gathered again over the world and stealthy night-shapes came stealing forth under the cloud-murk. The passage features Anglo-Saxon culture because people are A. feasting. B. laughing. C. relaxing. D. worrying.
feasting.
Pseudo is a word root that means "false." Which is the best definition of the word pseudonym in the sentence below? Many famous writers use pseudonyms to protect their true identities. A. fictional names B. family names C. scientific names D. symbolic names
fictional names
The principal objective of our booster club is to raise money for new marching band uniforms. Which definition best helps readers find the correct meaning of principal in this sentence? A. first, highest in rank or importance B. the head of a school or organization C. a sum of money D. a rule of action or conduct
first, highest in rank or importance
In Grendel, John Gardner uses A. first-person point of view to help readers better understand Beowulf's feelings. B. first-person point of view to help readers see Grendel's side of a familiar story. C. third-person point of view to give greater insight into all of the characters. D. third-person point of view to give an impartial account of a well-known event.
first-person point of view to help readers see Grendel's side of a familiar story.
Which word contains a suffix? A. reverse B. prewrite C. happiness D. disbelief
happiness
-al = "pertaining to" inter- = "between, among" judge = "decide" ment = "mind" nation = "country" Which word is spelled correctly? A. nationel B. jugement C. mentil D. international
international
Which word shares a word root with remember? A. revisit B. reenter C. medical D. memory
memory
If omni means "all" and potent means "power," what is the best definition of omnipotent? A. limited B. mighty C. average D. tired
mighty
The P.I.E. strategy for developing a body paragraph of an essay states that one should first make a point, then illustrate that point with examples, and finally conclude with an explanation A. of how the illustration is connected to the point being made. B. from another essay written about the same piece of literature. C. of why the author chose to include that particular example. D. from a reliable source to support the point that is being made.
of how the illustration is connected to the point being made.
Read the passage from Beowulf. From where he crouched at the king's feet,Unferth, a son of Ecglaf's, spokecontrary words. Beowulf's coming,his sea-braving, made him sick with envy:he could not brook or abide the factthat anyone else alive under heavenmight enjoy greater regard than he did: The passage supports the inference that Unferth is A. acclaimed. B. frail. C. petty. D. religious.
petty.
Read the excerpt from Grendel. Now and then some trivial argument would break out, and one of them would kill another one, and all the others would detach themselves from the killer as neatly as blood clotting, and they'd consider the case and they'd either excuse him, for some reason, or else send him out to the forest to live by stealing from their outlying pens like a wounded fox. At times I would try to befriend the exile, at other times I would try to ignore him, but they were treacherous. In the end, I had to eat them. How is Grendel characterized in this excerpt? A. jealous B. compassionate C. lonely D. practical
practical
To make an inference correctly, a reader should A. explain how the inference is influenced by modern language. B. show how the inference impacts the language in the text. C. provide evidence to support the inference. D. describe how the inference affects the plot.
provide evidence to support the inference.
cent = "one hundred" sens = "feel" Which word is spelled correctly? A. censational B. centimental C. sensational D. sentennial
sensational
Which sentence contains a gerund? A. During the night, the temperature plummeted twenty degrees. B. To navigate the winding road safely, we concentrated intensely. C. On the first torrid day of summer, we always enjoy swimming. D. The contemptible birds singing in the yard annoyed us all night.
On the first torrid day of summer, we always enjoy swimming.
Which sentence uses principal correctly? A. We learned the valuable principal of honesty from Dad. B. Our school principal is respected in the community. C. Madame Sofie taught her dancers the principals of ballet. D. Madame Sofie taught her dancers the principals of ballet.
Our school principal is respected in the community.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Enkidu said, "Don't worry, my friend,the dream you had is a favorable one.The eagle that you saw, with a lion's head,stands for Humbaba. Though it dived straight toward you and terrifying flames shot from its mouth,nothing could cause you harm. The young man who came to your rescue was our lord, Shamash. He will stand beside us when the monster attacks.Whatever happens, we will prevail." Which statement best describes the epic feature used in this excerpt and its effect on the plot? A. The difficult journey that Gilgamesh must undertake causes him to feel defeated. B. The vast landscape that Gilgamesh must travel through adds tension to the plot. C. The intervention of the supernatural gives Gilgamesh hope that he will defeat Humbaba. D. The narrative voice of the epic poem makes it difficult for the audience to relate to Gilgamesh.
The intervention of the supernatural gives Gilgamesh hope that he will defeat Humbaba.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. At four hundred miles they stopped to eat,at a thousand miles they pitched their camp.They had traveled for just three days and nights,a six weeks' journey for ordinary men. Which statement best paraphrases these sentences from the text? A. The men are able to walk four hundred miles before stopping to eat and one thousand miles before stopping to rest. B. Ordinary men would need less time if they were to embark on a journey of similar length and difficulty. C. The men are able to travel in three days and nights a distance that would take ordinary men six weeks. D. Ordinary men would never be able to walk one thousand miles before stopping to eat or to pitch a camp.
The men are able to travel in three days and nights a distance that would take ordinary men six weeks.
Which of these are elements of an epic poem's structure and style? Select 4 options. A. the use of poetic verse throughout the epic B. a narrative voice that tells the story C. the use of prose in some passages D. short descriptions E. elevated, or eloquent, style F. compelling speeches
the use of poetic verse throughout the epic a narrative voice that tells the story elevated, or eloquent, style compelling speeches
In Gilgamesh: A New English Version, Gilgamesh represents an epic hero because he A. is gentle and forgiving of his enemies. B. shows impressive intellect and academic curiosity. C. travels on a journey and demonstrates courage. D. is socially progressive as a political leader.
travels on a journey and demonstrates courage.
Read the excerpt from Grendel. There was nothing to stop the advance of man. Huge boars fled at the click of a harness. Wolves would cower in the glens like foxes when they caught that deadly scent. I was filled with a wordless, obscurely murderous unrest. How is Grendel characterized in this passage? A. fearful B. sickly C. troubled D. peaceful
troubled
Which words best complete the comparison of Beowulf and Grendel? Readers of Beowulf hope that Grendel will be destroyed, but readers of Grendel are most likely to A. hope that Beowulf will be destroyed. B. be confused by Beowulf's behavior. C. understand Grendel's perspective. D. consider Grendel a purely evil villain.
understand Grendel's perspective.
Read the description of Grendel from the epic poem Beowulf. If Grendel wins, it will be a gruesome day;he will glut himself on the Geats in the war-hall,swoop without fear on that flower of manhood as on others before. Then my face won't be thereto be covered in death: he will carry me away as he goes to ground, gorged and bloodied;he will run gloating with my raw corpse and feed on it alone, in a cruel frenzy,fouling his moor-nest. This version of Grendel is more ________ than the version in John Gardner's novel. A. vicious B. sensitive C. anxious D. gentle
vicious
Looking at the gray sky, Beckie wondered ___________ the ___________ would ruin the class trip. Which words complete the sentence correctly? A. weather, weather B. whether, whether C. whether, weather D. weather, whether
whether, weather
Which excerpt from the modern translation of Beowulf most strongly reflects the half-line style of Old English poetry? A. Nobody on earth knew of another building like it. B. I'm away to the sea,back on alert against enemy raiders C. Hrethel the Great gave Ecgtheow his daughter in marriage. D. will go and ask him about your coming here, then hurry back
will go and ask him about your coming here, then hurry back
A prefix is added to the ______ of a word. A. Beginning B. End C. Middle D. Beginning or End
Beginning
Which statements accurately compare Beowulf and Grendel? Select 2 options. A. Both works are written in an Old English poetic style. B. Beowulf characterizes Grendel as bloodthirsty, but Grendel shows Grendel's gentler side. C. Beowulf is sympathetic to the humans, while Grendel shows the monster's perspective. D. Both works focus primarily on the hero, Beowulf. E. Beowulf is a contemporary version of an old tale, while Grendel is based on oral tradition.
Beowulf characterizes Grendel as bloodthirsty, but Grendel shows Grendel's gentler side. Beowulf is sympathetic to the humans, while Grendel shows the monster's perspective.
Consider these themes from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Good leaders motivate through compelling speech. Soldiers must persevere through challenging trials. Which statement best describes how these themes interact in the tale? A. Humbaba delivers a threatening speech to Gilgamesh, explaining how he plans to kill him. B. Gilgamesh encourages Enkidu to continue, and Enkidu faces many tests of courage. C. Both Gilgamesh and Enkidu convincingly urge each other to endure through hardship. D. Both Gilgamesh and Enkidu hear Humbaba's pleas for mercy, but they choose to slay him.
Both Gilgamesh and Enkidu convincingly urge each other to endure through hardship.
In Gilgamesh: A New English Version, Enkidu is a loyal companion who proves himself to be an archetype of A. Wisdom B. Bravery C. Creativity D. Forgiveness
Bravery
Read the passage from Beowulf. Beowulf, Ecgtheow's son, replied:"Well, friend Unferth, you have had your say about Breca and me. But it was mostly beer that was doing the talking. The truth is this:when the going was heavy in those high waves,I was the strongest swimmer of all.We'd been children together and we grew up daring ourselves to outdo each other,boasting and urging each other to risk our lives on the sea. Now read Luka's inference. Even though he's a warrior, Beowulf often uses diplomacy instead of rushing to anger and aggression. Which sentence from the passage best supports his inference? A. Well, friend Unferth, you have had your say about Breca and me. B. But it was mostly beer that was doing the talking. C. The truth is this: when the going was heavy in those high waves, I was the strongest swimmer of all. D. We'd been children together and we grew up daring ourselves to outdo each other, boasting and urging each other to risk our lives on the sea.
But it was mostly beer that was doing the talking.
_____is the way an author presents a character. A. Charcterization B. Themes C. Personification D. Perspective
Characterization
Consider the passage and theme. Ria was thrilled when her doctor removed her cast. It had only been a month, but the inconvenience of wearing a cast and using crutches had been a constant challenge. She had learned that her high school, while accessible, was not easy to navigate with crutches. The stairs were treacherous, and the elevator was slow, but what bothered Ria the most were the entrances. Since her high school sat on a hill with a wide, concrete stairway to the front door, all of the ramps were at entrances far off her usual course. Fortunately, Ria made some new friends venturing to and from the ramps. She noticed that these friends were upbeat and determined, and they had more interesting things to discuss than the minor inconvenience of a ramp. Still, when the student council asked for suggestions about a class project, Ria submitted a proposal for a front-entrance ramp instead of the high-def scoreboard she had once prioritized. Theme One: Lessons are often learned through one's struggles. What other theme is addressed in the passage? A. Injuries are a stumbling block to maintaining good health. B. Considering life from a new point of view is enlightening. C. High school projects allow students to improve their schools. D. Learning to make new friends is an important social skill.
Considering life from a new point of view is enlightening.
Read the point that is being made and the illustration that follows it. Point: Gilgamesh is a courageous leader. Illustration: Enkidu is frightened of Humbaba and wants to turn back, but he tells Gilgamesh, "You go into the dreadful forest, you kill Humbaba and win the fame." Which explanation best connects this illustration to the point being made? A. Enkidu also tells Gilgamesh that he "will return now to great-walled Uruk" and that all men will know he has been a coward. B. Although Enkidu fears for his own life, he is thoughtless and does not necessarily fear for the lives of others. C. Enkidu is deeply fearful of Humbaba, and he strongly believes that Gilgamesh has the courage and ability to defeat Humbaba alone. D. This proves that Enkidu does not believe that anyone can defeat Humbaba, even if he thinks Gilgamesh should at least try.
Enkidu is deeply fearful of Humbaba, and he strongly believes that Gilgamesh has the courage and ability to defeat Humbaba alone.
Read the point and the chart below. Point: Gilgamesh believes in the power of supernatural forces. Quoted Evidence: Gilgamesh stopped. He was trembling. Tears/flowed down his cheeks. "O Shamash," he cried,/ "protect me on this dangerous journey./ Remember me, help me, hear my prayer." Paraphrased evidence:_______ Which statement best completes the blank in this chart? A. So frightened that he is trembling and crying, Gilgamesh prays fervently for anyone to hear and protect him. B. Frightened by what he faces, Gilgamesh pleads to the god Shamash to protect him on this dangerous journey. C. Believing that Shamash is the most powerful god, Gilgamesh cries and begs him for help on the journey. D. Gilgamesh is scared about his dangerous journey, and he has no idea where to turn for help aside from the gods.
Frightened by what he faces, Gilgamesh pleads to the god Shamash to protect him on this dangerous journey.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh stopped. He was trembling. Tearsflowed down his cheeks. "O Shamash," he cried,"protect me on this dangerous journey.Remember me, help me, hear my prayer." Which statement best paraphrases these sentences from the text? A. Frightened, Gilgamesh pleads with the god Shamash to protect him during this dangerous journey. B. Trembling and crying, Gilgamesh honors Shamash so that Shamash will grant his wish. C. Gilgamesh shows great respect for the god Shamash by praying to him for protection. D. Shamash is a powerful god, so Gilgamesh asks him to provide safety as he faces great danger.
Frightened, Gilgamesh pleads with the god Shamash to protect him during this dangerous journey.
Old English developed from _____ tribes. A. Danish B. French C. Germanic D. Swedish
Germanic
What evidence from Gilgamesh: A New English Version best supports the conclusion that Gilgamesh is a strong leader? A. Gripping their axes, their knives unsheathed, / they entered the Forest and made their way through / the tangle of thorn bushes underfoot. B. Gilgamesh answered, "Dear friend, dear brother, / I cannot kill Humbaba alone. / Please stay here with me. Stand at my side. / 'Two boats lashed together will never sink.'" C. Enkidu saw his dismay and said, / "Dear friend, great warrior, noble hero, / don't lose courage, remember this . . ." D. They came within sight of the monster's den. / He was waiting inside it. Their blood ran cold. / He saw the two friends, he grimaced, he bared / his teeth, he let out a deafening roar.
Gilgamesh answered, "Dear friend, dear brother, / I cannot kill Humbaba alone. / Please stay here with me. Stand at my side. / 'Two boats lashed together will never sink.'"
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh said, "Courage, dear brother,this is no time to give in to fear.We have come so far, across so many mountains,and our journey is about to reach its goal." Which statement best paraphrases these sentences from the text? A. Gilgamesh commands Enkidu to stay strong because they are about to reach the end of their long journey. B. Gilgamesh encourages Enkidu by reminding him that they have traveled a long way and are very close to achieving their goal. C. Gilgamesh tells Enkidu to have courage because they will definitely win after the horrific things they have endured. D. Gilgamesh tries to inspire Enkidu by reminding him that they have had to cross many mountains to get where they are.
Gilgamesh encourages Enkidu by reminding him that they have traveled a long way and are very close to achieving their goal.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh answered, "Dear friend, dear brother,I cannot kill Humbaba alone.Please stay here with me. Stand at my side.'Two boats lashed together will never sink.A three-ply rope is not easily broken.'If we help each other and fight side by side,what harm can come to us? Let us go on and attack the monster. We have come so far.Whatever you are feeling, let us go on." Which statement best paraphrases evidence to support the conclusion that Gilgamesh is an effective and confident leader? A. Gilgamesh demands that Enkidu stay by his side, reminding him that one person alone cannot defeat Humbaba. B. Gilgamesh reminds Enkidu of how far they have come and how disappointed he will be if Enkidu leaves now. C. Gilgamesh encourages Enkidu to stay by telling him that together they will be strong enough to defeat Humbaba. D. Gilgamesh uses clever comparisons about boats and ropes to inspire Enkidu to stay and help him in the attack.
Gilgamesh encourages Enkidu to stay by telling him that together they will be strong enough to defeat Humbaba.
Read the point and the chart below. Point: Gilgamesh has the bravery and strength to triumph in battle. Quoted Evidence: He yelled, he lifted/ his massive axe, he swung it, it tore/ into Humbaba's neck, the blood/ shot out, again the axe bit flesh/ and bone, the monster staggered, his eyes/ rolled, and at the axe's third stroke/ he toppled like a cedar and crashed to the ground. Paraphrased Evidence:__________ Which statement best completes the blank in this chart? A. Gilgamesh yells, lifts his massive axe, and swings it aggressively at Humbaba's neck three times. B. Humbaba suffers great blood loss before staggering and toppling to the ground like a cedar tree. C. Gilgamesh fiercely attacks Humbaba repeatedly with his axe until the monster topples and crashes to the ground. D. Humbaba is severely injured by the attack, as evidenced by the fact that the axe cut through flesh and bone.
Gilgamesh fiercely attacks Humbaba repeatedly with his axe until the monster topples and crashes to the ground.
Read the excerpt from Grendel. It wasn't because he threw that battle-ax that I turned on Hrothgar. That was mere midnight foolishness. I dismissed it, thought of it afterward only as you remember a tree that fell on you or an adder you stepped on by accident, except of course that Hrothgar was more to be feared than a tree or snake. It wasn't until later, when I was full-grown and Hrothgar was an old, old man, that I settled my soul on destroying him—slowly and cruelly. What does the author use in this excerpt to develop Grendel's character? A. Grendel's words B. Grendel's thoughts C. Hrothgar's words D. Hrothgar's perspective
Grendel's thoughts
Read the point that is being made and the illustration that follows it. Point: Gilgamesh is a strong warrior who triumphs in battle. Illustration: As the two men leave the forest and float down the river, Gilgamesh carries the head of Humbaba. Which explanation best connects this illustration to the point being made? A. The two men build a raft, and Enkidu steers because Gilgamesh is holding Humbaba's head. B. Gilgamesh holds Humbaba's head to signal his ultimate defeat of the beast Humbaba and, thus, his strength. C. This proves that Gilgamesh is courageous because he does not fear revenge from those close to Humbaba. D. Enkidu and Gilgamesh likely take the beast's head to prove to everyone that he is actually dead.
Gilgamesh holds Humbaba's head to signal his ultimate defeat of the beast Humbaba and, thus, his strength.
What evidence from Gilgamesh: A New English Version best supports the conclusion that Gilgamesh is an epic hero? Select 3 options. A. Gilgamesh said, "Courage, dear brother, / this is no time to give in to fear." B. Dread surged through Gilgamesh, terror flooded / his muscles, his heart froze, his mouth went dry, / his legs shook, his feet were rooted to the ground. C. Gilgamesh felt his courage return. / They charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls. D. Gilgamesh dropped his axe, appalled. / Enkidu said, "Courage, dear friend, / Close your ears to Humbaba's curses." E. He yelled, he lifted / his massive axe, he swung it, it tore / into Humbaba's neck
Gilgamesh said, "Courage, dear brother, / this is no time to give in to fear." Gilgamesh felt his courage return. / They charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls. He yelled, he lifted / his massive axe, he swung it, it tore / into Humbaba's neck
Which detail from Gilgamesh: A New English Version best illustrates a courageous hero? A. Gilgamesh standing at the top of the mountain and asking for favorable dreams B. Gilgamesh dreaming of an eagle with a lion's head and a flaming mouth C. Gilgamesh asking Enkidu to explain the meaning of his dream to him D. Gilgamesh standing at edge of the Cedar Forest, ready to battle Humbaba
Gilgamesh standing at edge of the Cedar Forest, ready to battle Humbaba
Read these lines from Beowulf. He realized that the demon was going to descend on the hall,that he had plotted all day, from dawn-light until darkness gathered again over the world and stealthy night-shapes came stealing forth under the cloud-murk. Read this excerpt from Grendel. Thus I fled, ridiculous hairy creature torn apart by poetry—crawling, whimpering, streaming tears, across the world like a two-headed beast, like mixed-up lamb and kid at the tail of a baffled, indifferent ewe—and I gnashed my teeth and clutched the sides of my head as if to heal the split, but I couldn't. Which statement best compares the two excerpts? A. Grendel is described as an unfeeling creature in Beowulf, but he is a sensitive and emotional character in Grendel. B. Grendel seems comical and ridiculous in Beowulf, but he seems calm and calculating in Grendel. C. Beowulf acts cowardly in Beowulf, but he behaves like a fearless hero in Grendel. D. Beowulf feels sympathy for Grendel in Beowulf, but he is jealous of Grendel in Grendel.
Grendel is described as an unfeeling creature in Beowulf, but he is a sensitive and emotional character in Grendel.
Consider the passage and theme. Liam's first job at the fast-food chain was not glamorous. He worked early-morning shifts, loading biscuits into ovens and dipping countless batches of hash-browned potatoes into vats of grease. Every day he encountered harried, impolite customers and complaining coworkers; nevertheless, he maintained a positive outlook. Liam methodically completed his duties: wrapping sandwiches, filling orders, and cleaning his work space. Liam's manager appreciated his diligence, and by his third month of employment, he was no longer assigned to the pre-dawn shift. Within a year, Liam was an assistant manager earning double his initial pay. Theme One: Every job is worth doing well. What other theme is addressed in the passage? A. Saving money leads to financial freedom. B. Customers should know their rights. C. Hard work is often rewarded. D. Cleanliness fosters good health.
Hard work is often rewarded.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh felt his courage return.They charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls.The monster let out a deafening cry,his roar boomed forth like a blast of thunder,he stamped and the ground burst open, his stepssplit the mountains of Lebanon,the clouds turned black, a sulfurous fogdescended on them and made their eyes ache.Then Shamash threw strong winds at Humbaba,the south wind, the north wind, the east and the west,storm wind, gale wind, hurricane, tornado,to pin him down and paralyze his steps.He could not move forward, could not retreat.Gilgamesh saw it, he leaped upon him,he held a knife to Humbaba's throat. What is the best conclusion that can be drawn about Gilgamesh's character from this excerpt? A. He prides himself on his triumphs in battle. B. He believes in the power of teamwork. C. He relies on supernatural forces to save him. D. He demonstrates bravery and takes risks.
He demonstrates bravery and takes risks.
Read the excerpt from Grendel. Then they would fight. Spears flying, swords whonking, arrows raining from the windows and doors of the meadhall and the edge of the woods. Horses reared and fell over screaming, ravens flew, crazy as bats in a fire, men staggered, gesturing wildly, making speeches, dying or sometimes pretending to be dying, sneaking off. Sometimes the attackers would be driven back, sometimes they'd win and burn the meadhall down, sometimes they'd capture the king of the meadhall and make his people give weapons and gold rings and cows. It was confusing and frightening, not in a way I could untangle. I was safe in my tree, and the men who fought were nothing to me, except of course that they talked in something akin to my language, which meant that we were, incredibly, related. I was sickened, if only at the waste of it: all they killed—cows, horses, men—they left to rot or burn. Which statement best describes Grendel's perspective? A. He enjoys watching the violent men kill one another. B. He admires the powerful weapons and strong men. C. He wishes to be part of the excitement somehow. D. He feels disgusted by the wasteful nature of war.
He feels disgusted by the wasteful nature of war.
Read the excerpt from Grendel. I was safe in my tree, and the men who fought were nothing to me, except of course that they talked in something akin to my language, which meant that we were, incredibly, related. I was sickened, if only at the waste of it: all they killed—cows, horses, men—they left to rot or burn. I sacked all I could and tried to store it, but my mother would growl and make faces because of the stink. How is Grendel characterized in this excerpt? A. He is weak and easily disgusted by dead animals. B. He is careful and respectful of animal life. C. He is cruel and disobedient to his mother's wishes. D. He is considerate and mindful of the fighting men.
He is careful and respectful of animal life.
Read the line from Grendel. Hrothgar met with his council for many nights and days, and they drank and talked and prayed to their curious carved-out creatures and finally came to a decision. He thinks that the men's religious behavior is strange and interesting. A. He describes the length of the men's decision-making process. B. He describes the way the men socialize and relax together. C. He thinks that the men's religious behavior is strange and interesting. D. He thinks that Hrothgar is a strong leader who will challenge any opponent.
He thinks that the men's religious behavior is strange and interesting.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Enkidu said, "Don't worry, my friend,the dream you had is a favorable one.The fiery heavens stand for Humbaba,who tried to kill you with lightning and flames.But in spite of the fire, he could not harm you." Based on the excerpt, which statement best describes Humbaba's effect on the epic's plot? A. Humbaba establishes Gilgamesh as the hero of the poem. B. Humbaba distracts Gilgamesh from the difficult journey. C. Humbaba eases the challenges Gilgamesh must face. D. Humbaba creates tension and suspense in the story.
Humbaba creates tension and suspense in the story.
ac- = "to" cept = "take or receive" ex- = "leave out" Which sentence uses the underlined word correctly? A. I will except no money because this is a gift. B. Everyone went home accept Celia. C. It is hard for Jason to except such high praise. D. I am very happy to accept the summer job.
I am very happy to accept the summer job.
Which sentence uses stationery correctly? A. The car remained stationery with the engine running. B. Triathletes often train using stationery bicycles. C. I received a gift set of personalized stationery. D. The doctor said Grandpa's condition was stationery.
I received a gift set of personalized stationery.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh said, "Courage, dear brother,this is no time to give in to fear.We have come so far, across so many mountains,and our journey is about to reach its goal.You were raised in the wild, with your own handsyou have killed marauding lions and wolves,you are brave, your heart has been tested in combat.Though your arms feel weak now and your legs tremble,you are a warrior, you know what to do.Shout out your battle-cry, let your voice poundlike a kettle drum. Let your heart inspire youto be joyous in battle, to forget about death.If we help each other and fight side by side,we will make a lasting name for ourselves,we will stamp our fame on men's minds forever." Which evidence from the excerpt best illustrates the point that Gilgamesh is a leader who believes in teamwork? A. Gilgamesh said, "Courage, dear brother, / this is no time to give in to fear. / We have come so far, across so many mountains" B. You were raised in the wild, with your own hands / you have killed marauding lions and wolves, / you are brave, your heart has been tested in combat. C. Though your arms feel weak now and your legs tremble, / you are a warrior, you know what to do. D. If we help each other and fight side by side, / we will make a lasting name for ourselves, / we will stamp our fame on men's minds forever.
If we help each other and fight side by side, / we will make a lasting name for ourselves, / we will stamp our fame on men's minds forever.
______________ refers to a conclusion based on evidence in the text. A. Alliteration B. Development C. Inference D. Repetition
Inference
Which character from Gilgamesh: A New English Version is an example of a supernatural force who intervenes? A. Gilgamesh B. Enkidu C. Lord Shamash D. Humbaba
Lord Shamash
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Enkidu said, "Don't worry, my friend,the dream you had is a favorable one.Again, the mountain stands for Humbaba. He threw you down, but he could not kill you.As for the handsome young man who appeared,he stands for Lord Shamash, who will rescue you and grant you everything you desire." Based on the excerpt, how will Lord Shamash most likely affect the battle with Humbaba? A. Lord Shamash will help both Gilgamesh and Humbaba. B. Lord Shamash will help neither Gilgamesh nor Humbaba. C. Lord Shamash will help Humbaba defeat Gilgamesh. D. Lord Shamash will help Gilgamesh defeat Humbaba.
Lord Shamash will help Gilgamesh defeat Humbaba.
Consider the passage and theme. Devin kept a low profile in school. He attended classes and talked with his friends in the hall, but few knew him well. He rarely raised his hand in class and never spoke out of turn. Even in band class, he refused to draw attention to himself. Though he had earned the honor of first-chair saxophone, he did not reveal his passion for his instrument to his classmates. Then, sophomore year, Devin joined the marching band despite his fear of public scrutiny. The night of the first football game, his palms were sweating and his heart was racing as the band marched onto the field. But as soon as he began to play, his fears were forgotten, and through the glare of the lights he could see the crowd swaying and clapping to the music. Devin was completely at ease during his solo, and after the game a friend told him, "You were great! I didn't know you had it in you." Theme One: It is important to take risks. What other theme is addressed in the passage? A. People can reveal themselves through their passions. B. Music entertains people with varied interests. C. A leader knows how to share the spotlight with others. D. Shyness can prevent people from finding social success.
People can reveal themselves through their passions.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh backed away. He said,"How dreadful Humbaba's face has become!It is changing into a thousand nightmarefaces, more horrible than I can bear.I feel haunted. I am too afraid to go on." Enkidu answered, "Why, dear friend,do you speak like a coward? What you just saidis unworthy of you. It grieves my heart.We must not hesitate or retreat." Which sentence best states the theme of the excerpt? A. People must persevere despite their fears. B. Enkidu is a loyal source of encouragement. C. Gilgamesh needs support to overcome his fear. D. Cowardice leads to defeat and death.
People must persevere despite their fears.
To __________ a text means to put another person's ideas and information into one's own words. A. Cite B. Summarize C. Quote D. Paraphrase
Pharaphrase
Which statement best describes the effect of Gilgamesh's repeated dreams in Gilgamesh: A New English Version? A. The repetition of the dreams introduces one clear theme. B. The repetition of the dreams creates rhythm, interest, and drama. C. The repetition of the dreams gives the epic an informal tone. D. The repetition of the dreams establishes Gilgamesh as the hero.
The repetition of the dreams creates rhythm, interest, and drama.
Which statement is a theme? A. The story teaches the importance of devoted friends. B. Gilgamesh delivers an encouraging speech to Enkidu. C. When Humbaba is defeated, the friends rejoice. D. True friends remain loyal despite hardship.
True friends remain loyal despite hardship.
Which examples from Gilgamesh: A New English Version most effectively illustrate the point that Gilgamesh takes risks? Select 3 options. A. From far off they saw the Cedar Mountain, / sacred to Ishtar, where the gods dwell, / the slopes of it steep, and rich in cedars B. They advanced to the monster's den. Humbaba / charged out roaring at them and said, / "I know you, Gilgamesh. Don't be a fool." C. Gilgamesh felt his courage return. / They charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls. D. He could not move forward, could not retreat. / Gilgamesh saw it, he leaped upon him, / he held a knife to Humbaba's throat. E. Gilgamesh chopped down the mighty trees, / Enkidu hewed the trunks into timbers.
They advanced to the monster's den. Humbaba / charged out roaring at them and said, / "I know you, Gilgamesh. Don't be a fool." Gilgamesh felt his courage return. / They charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls. He could not move forward, could not retreat. / Gilgamesh saw it, he leaped upon him, / he held a knife to Humbaba's throat.
Which lines from Gilgamesh: A New English Version best establish Gilgamesh as triumphant in battle? A. "I will stand by you. Now let us attack."Gilgamesh felt his courage return.They charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls. B. Gilgamesh, hearing his beloved friend,came to himself. He yelled, he liftedhis massive axe C. They took their axes and penetrateddeeper into the forest, they wentchopping down cedars, the woods chips flew D. They bound logs together and built a raft.Enkidu steered it down the great river.Gilgamesh carried Humbaba's head.
They bound logs together and built a raft.Enkidu steered it down the great river.Gilgamesh carried Humbaba's head.
Read the passage from Beowulf. "It bothers me to have to burden anyonewith all the grief Grendel has causedand the havoc he has wreaked upon us in Heorot,our humiliations. My household-guardare on the wane, fate sweeps them awayinto Grendel's clutches—but God can easilyhalt these raids and harrowing attacks! Which interpretation of Beowulf does the passage best support? A. When studying Beowulf, the reader experiences the gift-giving and hospitality prominent in Anglo-Saxon culture. B. One of the interesting things about Beowulf is the way it portrays the feasts and warrior tribes in Anglo-Saxon culture. C. One thing the reader should note when studying Anglo-Saxon culture in Beowulf is the way lords and thanes interact. D. While reading Beowulf, the reader encounters aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture such as Christian and Pagan traditions.
While reading Beowulf, the reader encounters aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture such as Christian and Pagan traditions.
Read Anja's inference about Hrothgar. Despite Grendel's success in killing Hrothgar's men, Hrothgar's faith in God remained unshaken. Which passage best supports her inference? A. [Hrothgar] Now Holy Godhas, in His goodness, guided him hereto the West-Danes, to defend us from Grendel. B. [Beowulf] Whichever one death fellsmust deem it a just judgment by God. C. [Beowulf] Light came from the east,bright guarantee of God, and the waveswent quiet; I could see headlands D. [Wealhtheow] With measured words she welcomed the Geatand thanked God for granting her wish
[Hrothgar] Now Holy Godhas, in His goodness, guided him hereto the West-Danes, to defend us from Grendel.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh answered, "Dear friend, dear brother,I cannot kill Humbaba alone.Please stay here with me. Stand at my side.'Two boats lashed together will never sink.A three-ply rope is not easily broken.'If we help each other and fight side by side,what harm can come to us?" The author includes this excerpt to establish Gilgamesh as A. a compelling speaker. B. a ruthless warrior. C. a devoted servant of Shamash. D. a long-distance traveler.
a compelling speaker.
Read the passage from Beowulf. So the Helming woman went on her rounds,queenly and dignified, decked out in rings,offering the goblet to all ranks,treating the household and the assembled troop until it was Beowulf's turn to take it from her hand. Which feature of Anglo-Saxon culture is described in the excerpt? A. a Christian tradition B. a cup-bearer C. a gift-giving D. a Pagan tradition
a cup-bearer
If tele means "far away" and gram means "something that is written," which is the best definition of the word telegram? A. a scientific analysis of handwriting B. a communication that is false C. a message sent over a long distance D. a sound that is far away
a message sent over a long distance
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. At four hundred miles they stopped to eat,at a thousand miles they pitched their camp.They had traveled for just three days and nights,a six weeks' journey for ordinary men.When the sun was setting, they dug a well,they filled their waterskins with fresh water,Gilgamesh climbed to the mountaintop,he poured out flour as an offering and said,"Mountain, bring me a favorable dream." Which feature of epic poetry does this excerpt most clearly show? A. a courageous hero who answers a call to adventure B. a journey filled with many challenges C. a vast setting of distant landscapes D. supernatural forces, such as gods or monsters, that intervene
a vast setting of distant landscapes
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. They could hear Humbaba's terrifying roar.Gilgamesh stopped. He was trembling. Tearsflowed down his cheeks. "O Shamash," he cried,"protect me on this dangerous journey.Remember me, help me, hear my prayer."They stood and listened. A moment passed.Then, from heaven, the voice of the godcalled to Gilgamesh: "Hurry, attack,attack Humbaba while the time is right,before he enters the depths of the forest" What characteristic of an epic hero does the excerpt reveal? A. willingness to endure a voyage B. bravery and courage as a warrior C. confidence in public speaking D. connection to the supernatural
connection to the supernatural
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. [Gilgamesh and Enkidu] charged at Humbaba like two wild bulls.The monster let out a deafening cry,his roar boomed forth like a blast of thunder,he stamped and the ground burst open, his steps split the mountains of Lebanon,the clouds turned black, a sulfurous fog descended on them and made their eyes ache.Then Shamash threw strong winds at Humbaba,the south wind, the north wind, the east and the west,storm wind, gale wind, hurricane, tornado,to pin him down and paralyze his steps.He could not move forward, could not retreat.Gilgamesh saw it, he leaped upon him,he held a knife to Humbaba's throat. What characteristics of an epic hero does Gilgamesh exhibit in the excerpt? Select 2 options. A. compassion for his enemy B. courage in battle C. endurance in travel D. connection to supernatural help D. humility in defeat
courage in battle connection to supernatural help
Which is the word root in democratically? A. de- B. demo C. -tical D. -ly
demo
When a student studies the way the English language has evolved, the student is studying English's A. alliteration. B. development. C. origin. D. repetition.
development.
Which is the prefix in disappointedly? A. dis- B. appoint C. -ed D. -ly
dis-
Which pair of words shares the same suffix? A. enjoyable, teachable B. disappoint, disrepair C. mistake, misery D. angrily, angered
enjoyable, teachable
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh, hearing his beloved friend,came to himself. He yelled, he lifted his massive axe, he swung it, it tore into Humbaba's neck, the bloodshot out, again the axe bit flesh and bone, the monster staggered, his eyes rolled, and at the axe's third stroke he toppled like a cedar and crashed to the ground. In this excerpt, Gilgamesh is most characterized as A. compassionate because he listens to his friend. B. strong because he is triumphant in battle. C. practical because he does what it takes to survive. D. confident because he takes unnecessary risks.
strong because he is triumphant in battle.
Read the excerpt from Gilgamesh: A New English Version. The man who pulled you up from the ground and gave you fresh water from his waterskin is Lugalbanda, your personal god.With his help, we will achieve a triumph greater than any man has achieved. Which feature of epic poetry does this excerpt most clearly show? A. a courageous hero who answers a call to adventure B. a journey filled with many challenges B. a vast setting of distant landscapes D. supernatural forces, such as gods or monsters, that intervene
supernatural forces, such as gods or monsters, that intervene
Both Beowulf and Grendel A. are epic poems written hundreds of years ago. B. tell the story of Grendel's encounters with humans. C. are written in first-person point of view. D. show the reader Grendel's perspective on events.
tell the story of Grendel's encounters with humans.
Read the passage from Beowulf. The hero arose, surrounded closely by his powerful thanes. A party remained under orders to keep watch on the arms;the rest proceeded, led by their prince under Heorot's roof.And standing on the hearth in webbed links that the smith had woven,the fine-forged mesh of his gleaming mail-shirt,resolute in his helmet, Beowulf spoke: Which word from the passage is a feature of Anglo-Saxon culture? A. powerful B. thanes C. roof D. gleaming
thanes
Read the excerpt from Grendel. I clamped my palms to my ears and stretched up my lips and shrieked again: a stab at truth, a snatch at apocalyptic glee. Then I ran on all fours, chest pounding, to the smoky mere. What does the author use in this excerpt to develop Grendel's character? A. the creature's actions B. the creature's thoughts C. Beowulf's words D. Beowulf's perspective
the creature's actions
Read a student's analysis of Gilgamesh: A New English Version. Gilgamesh is an epic hero partly because he is a strong, effective leader who believes in teamwork. For example, when Enkidu expresses fear about continuing on the journey, Gilgamesh tells Enkidu that he needs help killing Humbaba and encourages him to persevere. Moved by the speech, Enkidu decides to continue on with the mission. What element needs to be added to complete this paragraph? A. an introductory statement of the point that is being made B. an example to illustrate the point being made in the paragraph C. the explanation that connects the point to the examples provided D. the student's opinion of the author of Gilgamesh's choice of words
the explanation that connects the point to the examples provided
A literary theme is defined as A. the series of events that construct a tale. B. the message a text conveys about a topic. C. the location where a text takes place. D. the author's opinion of previous experiences.
the message a text conveys about a topic.
What does a typical dictionary entry include? Select 5 options. A. the number of syllables in the word B. the pronunciation of the word C. the parts of speech D. the etymology of the word E. the foreign translations F. the definitions
the number of syllables in the word the pronunciation of the word the parts of speech the etymology of the word the definitions
Which best defines the word repetition in epic poetry? A. the recurrence of words and phrases for a specific effect B. the duplication of main ideas for development C. the reproduction of images for emphasis D. the reappearance of characters for a surprise reaction
the recurrence of words and phrases for a specific effect
Both Old English and modern English poetry use alliteration, which is A. a long pause. B. the use of two stressed syllables. C. a type of rhyme. D. the repetition of consonant sounds.
the repetition of consonant sounds.
