EPSY - Quiz 4

Being able to know that 1+2=3 also means that 3-2=1 is a process called

revesability

When you are asked to describe yourself, your description is your

self-concept

When information is held in your mind for a few seconds, such as a phone number you just learned, you are using

short-term memory

Children are most likely to form a friendship with others who are

similar to themselves

All of a child's baby teeth should be replaced by adult teeth by the age of

12-13

2. ______________ refers to the years immediately before puberty when hormonal changes begin.

a. Prepuberty

Which of the following is not a typical symptom of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

a. Problems with accurate or fluent word recognition

Which of the following statements about the changing bodily proportions of children in middle childhood is true?

a. The legs are growing more rapidly than the trunk or upper body.

the thin ideal that has been promoted by media has

a. been implicated in the increase in body dissatisfaction and eating disorders among children and adolescents.

One explanation for why girls prefer to play with other girls and boys prefer to play with other boys is that

a. boys and girls have different play styles and different styles of communication.

By age 10 to 12, most children

a. can participate in more complex sports like football and volleyball.

Balanced reading is an approach to teaching reading that

a. combines the whole language and phonics approaches.

Children are more likely to choose and enjoy health foods if they

a. have helped with a school garden.

. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey found that the diets of American school-aged children tend to lack

a. nutrient-dense, high fiber foods.

A child who is classified as "controversial" on a measure of social status is a child who

a. receives both a large number of nominations as someone that peers like, as well as a large number of nominations as someone that peers do not like.

Practicing a complex task repeatedly until it does not require much processing capacity to complete is the process of

automaticity

Today an individual's score on an IQ test indicates

b. how much an individual's score deviates from the average score of others of the same age.

In general, middle childhood

b. is a relatively healthy time for most children.

In one study of families involved in competitive hockey

b. the boys reported more pressure and less support from parents than the parents themselves reported.

When children focus on their studies without any breaks

b. they become less attentive to their studies.

Crystallized intelligence is a measure of

b. what you already know and can draw upon to solve problems.

The fact that an individual who suffers a brain injury can have some abilities that are severely impaired while other abilities are largely unaffected is taken as support for

c. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.

A pattern of family interaction in which the child misbehaves, the parents try to punish the child but are ineffective, and the child escalates the misbehavior until the parents give up is what Gerald Patterson and his colleagues have called a

c. coercive family environment.

The Boundless Playgrounds program has the goal of

c. creating universal playgrounds accessible to all children regardless of physical or mental limitations.

One of the consequences of accepting the idea that intelligence is made up of separate and independent abilities is that

c. it means someone could be strong in one area, but be weak in other areas.

The "bullying circle" describes

c. passive supporters of the bully, defenders of the victim, and curious onlookers.

. Children who begin to go through pubertal development as ages as young as 6 or 7 years of age are experiencing

c. precocious puberty.

If you wanted to compare a particular child to a peer of the same age, a(n) _____________________ would be appropriate, but if you wanted to measure a child's potential for change, a(n) ______________________ would be appropriate.

c. standardized test; dynamic assessment

. One advantage to intramural programs is that

c. students who are not as skilled or motivated to participate in competitive sports can get some physical activity while having fun.

. Androgyny is conceived of as

c. the presence of both masculine and feminine characteristics in the same person.

. In a recent national survey, many parents of children age 5 to 14 who play an organized team sport or participate in gymnastics said

c. they did not worry that much about their child being injured as a consequence of participation.

The third stage of Piaget's cognitive development is

concrete operational

While you are sitting with your friends in the cafeteria at lunchtime, someone who is walking past your table splashes some juice on your shoulder. You get angry because you figure that he was trying to embarrass you in front of your friends. This is an example of

d. a hostile attribution bias.

The three types of intelligence in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence are

d. analytical, creative, and practical intelligence.

A review of research on the effectiveness of anti-bullying programs found that

d. bullying programs on average reduce bullying by 20 to 23%.

When Binet developed the first intelligence test, his goal was to

d. measure a child's performance on tasks similar to those required in school and compare the child's performance to the performance of others of the same age.

When we say that intelligence is a characteristic that is not very deeply canalized, we mean that

d. whatever the genetic starting point, the environment will have a substantial impact on the eventual outcome.

A metabolic disorder in which the body does not produce insulin, or cannot use the insulin produced by the body, is called

diabetes

. Children who are bilingual may have some cognitive advantages in the area of

executive control

Your ability to quickly and effectively solve novel problems for which you have no previous experience or training is a measure of your

fluid intelligence

Older children and adults are more likely to remember information in an intuitive, automatic way rather than as a specific, verbatim memory. This type of memory has been called a(n)

fuzzy trace memory

One trend that has been found in the sleeping habits of school-aged children is that children are

getting less sleep than they did in the past

. According to Erikson, as children enter middle childhood they are dealing with the stage of

industry versus inferiority

In studies of peer social status, children who are seldom named by peers as either someone they like or someone they dislike are classified as

neglected

. ____________ are intrusive thoughts that pop into a person's mind, and ____________ are behaviors used to reduce the anxiety caused by them.

obsessions; compulsions

Children who are growing up in a single-parent family because _______________________ tend to do better in terms of education and emotional adjustment.

one of their parents has died

Among children who play team sports, ______________ receive an injury that is serious enough to keep them from playing at least for a while.

one-third

. Global self-esteem is comprised of all of the following dimensions except

plans for the future

How quickly we can take in information is our

processing speed

Research that has compared children raised by gay or lesbian parents and children raised by heterosexual parents has found

very few differences between them