Establishing Quality Standards

What tools and techniques are typically used when planning project quality management?

1. Data analysis 2. Test and inspection planning 3. Expert judgment 4. Decision making 5. Data gathering 6. Meetings 7. Data representation

Which tools and techniques are used to control project quality?

1. Data gathering 2. Testing and product evaluations 3. Inspection 4. Meetings 5. Data analysis 6. Data representation

Sequence the steps in a root cause analysis.

1. Define the problem 2. Gather data to describe the problem 3. Determine possible causes 4. Select the root cause 5. Develop a solution strategy 6. Test and evaluate the solution

Sequence the steps you perform to create a Pareto diagram.

1. Develop a list of causes of error 2. Record how frequently each error type occurs 3. Rank the causes in descending order 4. Find the cumulative percentage of errors for each cause 5. Create a histogram that displays the data 6. Draw a line graph that plots the cumulative percentages for each cause

What kind of information does the quality management plan typically contain?

1. High-level approaches to process improvement: Approaches to continuous process improvement; for example, TQM are identified in the quality management plan. 2. The quality monitoring activities, as well as the deliverables that are most important to the project's success: -- The quality management plan typically contains a section on quality control, where the major deliverables to be tested are described. This section also mentions the quality standards and criteria, control and monitoring activities, and quality control schedule. 3. The management processes that require quality auditing: -- The quality assurance part of the quality management plan describes which management and production processes require quality auditing, and sets out the standards, activities, and schedule for this.

Which activities form part of a quality audit?

1. Identifying best practices and then communicating these to other teams so they can benefit from them 2. Ensuring project documentation is based on correct templates 3. Submitting a change request to streamline quality control procedures

Which examples reflect aspects of project quality management?

1. Performing a quality check of a design document using track changes 2. Ensuring a software application operates without bugs and with all the features included in the project plan 3. Examining and improving the schedule management activities so that schedule overruns stop recurring 4. Improving development processes until the project reaches a defect rate of 2.5% or fewer errors per deliverable

In a control chart, the upper control limit is 18 and the lower control limit is 6.Which data series indicates the process is out of control?

13, 7, 11, 10, 9, 11, 8, 8, 14, 13 There are seven data points in a row that fall between the mean - 12 - and the lower control limit of 6. Because it meets the Rule of 7, this series shows that the process is out of control.

Match the examples to the labels that best describe them. More than one example may match each description.

Accurate: Accuracy requires results that are correct or close to the true result. So the exact breaking strain of steel and the correct data retrieval examples are linked to accuracy. Precise: When size needs to be consistent, as with the widgets, precision is important. Additionally, precision in processes increases repeatability and consistency.

The project-related examples represent either a focus on grade or on quality. Match each example to the focus it exemplifies. More than one example may match to each focus.

Grade: The number of features that a product has relates to its grade, so the gaming console and the software program are examples of grade. Quality: The number of defects or the extent to which requirements are met are issues of quality, so the furniture and the database are examples of quality.

Match the cost of quality examples to the categories they fall under.

Internal failure cost - The cost of fixing faulty areas of the product being developed is classified as an internal failure cost because it's incurred before the product is released to the customer. External failure cost - The costs of technical support visits after the customer receives the product are classified as external failure costs because they are incurred once the product or service has been released to the customer. Appraisal cost - Product testing costs are classified as an appraisal cost because these are incurred in your efforts to find quality problems and check that the product meets project requirements. Prevention cost - To prevent your product or service from being defective or of poor quality, you use good equipment for project work. Therefore, the cost of using this equipment is classified as a prevention cost.

You're performing a cost-benefit analysis. What is the best description of what you should do?

List and calculate the costs, list and calculate the benefits, and compare the results To perform a cost-benefit analysis, you list and calculate costs and benefits and then compare the results to identify areas of both positive and negative performance.