Ethics T&F
According to the Divine Command Theory, God commands certain actions because they are morally right.
False
All arguments with false premises are invalid
False
All valid arguments have a true conclusion
False
Aristotle believes that it is possible for a human being to decide to be happy (or achieve Eudaimonia).
False
Aristotle thinks that making a decision and making a wish are the same thing.
False
Cultural Relativism is the theory which claims that some moral truths are relative to culture and some are not.
False
Eudaimonia" is the Greek word for "Having a character that is brilliant like a good diamond."
False
In the opening scene of the dialogue Euthyphro we find out that Socrates is at the court because he has failed to pay his taxes on time
False
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy concerned with understanding the nature of art and beauty.
False
Rachels completely agrees with the fifth claim of cultural relativism. He thinks that we should always be tolerant of the practices of other cultures regardless of what those practices are.
False
Rachels thinks that if two societies differ in their customs (like permitting or forbidding the eating of cows), it must be because they differ in their values
False
Rachels ultimately believes that the five claims of cultural relativism are correct, and he is basically promoting cultural relativism as the best moral theory.
False
Some counterexamples have all true premises and a true conclusion.
False
The word 'argument', as used in logic and philosophy, refers to a verbal disagreement or a shouting match
False
According to Rachels, Virtue Theory is a complete and independent moral theory that guides our actions and is good at resolving moral conflicts.
False
According to Rachels, the Cultural Differences Argument is unsound because it has a false premise.
False
According to Rachels, there is a simple recipe for constructing good moral arguments and avoiding bad ones
False
According to Aristotle, voluntary actions and actions that are the result of a decision are the same things.
False
According to Aristotle, ethics is a subject that admits of exact answers.
False
Accordine to Rachels (1.5. moral judgments must be backed by good reasons; and second, morality requires the impartial consideration or each Individuals interests
True
According to Aristotle, friendship is a kind of recognized reciprocated love (or good will).
True
According to Rachels, the two advantages of Virtue Theory are that (1) it gives an account of moral motivation and (2) it agrees with our intuitions that we ought to be partial in our treatment of our friends and family members.
True
According to the Theory of Natural Law, moral rules are viewed as deriving from the laws of nature.
True
All sound arguments are valid arguments
True
Anyone who believes that the abolition of slavery in the Western World was a mark of moral progress is not a Cultural Relativist.
True
Aristotle claims that virtue and vice are ultimately things within our power and within our control.
True
Courage is the virtuous mean between cowardice and foolhardiness.
True
In her Lecture on Gyges Ring, Tamar Gendler talks about the distinction between the way things appear and the way things really are.
True
In philosophy, the terms 'moral philosophy' and 'ethics' are used (more or less) as synonyms.
True
In the Platonic dialogue Euthyphro, we find that Euthyphro is at the court because he is prosecuting his father for murder.
True
Rachels claims that certain practices which are (or have been) accepted by some cultures are morally wrong.
True
The Divine Command Theory implies that if God didn't exist, then murder and child abuse wouldn't be wrong.
True
The Ring of Gyges is the tale of a shepherd who finds à magic ring which allows him to turn invisible at will.
True
The conceptual distinction between intrinsic goods and instrumental goods (which is important in ethical thinking) is already made in the writings of Plato.
True