Ethics test2 ch8
Existentialists argue that making moral decisions by means of preset rules and procedures would
Be artificially formulaic.
Sartre argues that the _____ of morality varies from person to person, even though the form of it is universal.
Content
Though Sartre's existentialism prescribes no universal set of moral rules for action, we should not fall prey to _____.
Despairing quietism
Sartre argues that:
Existence precedes essence.
For Sartre, _____ precedes _____.
Existence/essence
Sartre argues that the terminology of morality varies from person to person, but that the rules those terms express are universal and the same for every individual.
FAlse
Although some "existentialists" refused the label, most were united in their wish to construct a coherent "school of thought."
False
There is no real personal responsibility for humans, for, says Sartre, "man is condemned to the illusion that he is free."
False
Sartre argues that while the content of morality varies from person to person, the _____ of it is universal.
Form
There is no escape from personal responsibility for humans, because, says Sartre, "man is condemned to be _____."
Free
When we play roles or mind-games with others, we are likely guilty of what Sartre calls _____.
Inauthenticity
Sartre's existentialist ethic, he argued, is not _____.
Nihilistic
Individuals often try to escape from _____ _____, Sartre noted, by engaging in "bad faith" explanations.
Personal responsibility
Individuals often try to escape from _____ by engaging in what Sartre calls "bad faith" explanations.
Personal responsibility
_____ does violence to the uniqueness and subjectivity of individuals, says existentialism.
Philosophical system-making
_____ is considered a significant 20th century existentialist.
Simone de Beauvoir
Existentialists believe that philosophical _____ do violence to the uniqueness and subjectivity of individuals.
Systems
Some "existentialists" refuse the label because
They do not wish to belong to a school of thought.
Existentialism is often seen as a revolt against _____.
Traditional philosophy
Existentialism is often seen as a revolt against traditional philosophy.
True
For Sartre, "existence precedes essence."
True
Individuals often try to escape from personal responsibility by engaging in what Sartre calls "bad faith" explanations.
True
Jean-Paul Sartre coined the term "existentialism."
True
The feminist philosopher Simone de Beauvoir is considered a significant 20th century existentialist.
True
There is no escape from personal responsibility for humans, says Sartre, since "man is condemned to be free."
True
In contrast to previous Western philosophers, existentialists intentionally used _____ methods in their philosophical investigations.
Unorthodox
Existentialists use _____ in their philosophical investigations.
Unorthodox methods
Individuals often try to escape from personal responsibility, Sartre noted, by engaging in "_____ ______" explanations.
bad faith
Because they were trained in traditional philosophy, existentialists used orthodox methods in their philosophical investigations.
false
For Sartre, essence precedes existence.
false
Properly understood, Sartre claimed his existentialist ethic is gloomy and nihilistic.
false
Sartre is a theistic existentialist.
false
Existentialists argue that making moral decisions by means of preset rules and procedures help one avoid bias and partiality.
false!
Sartre denied charges that his existentialist ethic condemns one to a gloomy and _____ pessimism, arguing instead that it is characterized by "optimistic toughness."
nihilistic
Existentialists argue that making moral decisions by means of preset rules and procedures would be artificially formulaic.
true