Ethos, Logos, and Pathos vocab
pathos
an emotional appeal to persuade an audience by using emotions to invoke sympathy fro an audience to make the audience feel what the author wants them to feel. Also used to inspire anger
counterclaim
argument made to answer an opposing argument
connotation
attitude or feeling associated with a word
tone
attitude writer takes toward a subject
logos
convincing audience using logic or reason by citing facts and statistics, historical and literal analogies, and citing certain authorities on a subject
ethos
ethical appeal to convince an audience of the author's credibility or character. Shows audience that author is credible source
allusion
indirect reference to a famous person, place, event, or literary work
denotation
literal meaning
text structure
manner which the text is organized and presented
universal themes
message that can be found throughout literature of all time periods
emotional appeals
messages designed to persuade an audience by creating strong feelings, rather than citing facts
organizational reasons
relates to any associations with organizations or groups of people
moral reasons
relates to morality, or what is considered right from wrong
religious/historical reasons
relates to religious or historical people, places, things, or events
appeal to vanity
relies on people's desire to feel good about themselves
mood
shapes reader's emotional responses
author's purpose
states why the author wrote a piece: to persuade, to inform, to entertain, and to express thoughts or feelings
appeal to pity
takes advantage of people's sympathy and compression for others
appeal to fear
taps into people's fear of losing safety and security
repetition
technique when a sound, word, phrase, or line is repeated for emphasis or unity. Also enforces meaning to create a rhythm and used in poetry
rhetorical strategy
techniques used by writers to make their argument stronger and to communicate more effectively. Ex. analogy, parallelism, rhetorical questions, and repetition
author's point of view
unique combination of ideas, values, feelings, and beliefs that influences the way the writer looks at a topic
parallel structure
use of similar grammatical constructions to express ideas that are related or equal in importance
claim
writer's position on an issue or problem