Ethos, Logos, and Pathos vocab

pathos

an emotional appeal to persuade an audience by using emotions to invoke sympathy fro an audience to make the audience feel what the author wants them to feel. Also used to inspire anger

counterclaim

argument made to answer an opposing argument

connotation

attitude or feeling associated with a word

tone

attitude writer takes toward a subject

logos

convincing audience using logic or reason by citing facts and statistics, historical and literal analogies, and citing certain authorities on a subject

ethos

ethical appeal to convince an audience of the author's credibility or character. Shows audience that author is credible source

allusion

indirect reference to a famous person, place, event, or literary work

denotation

literal meaning

text structure

manner which the text is organized and presented

universal themes

message that can be found throughout literature of all time periods

emotional appeals

messages designed to persuade an audience by creating strong feelings, rather than citing facts

organizational reasons

relates to any associations with organizations or groups of people

moral reasons

relates to morality, or what is considered right from wrong

religious/historical reasons

relates to religious or historical people, places, things, or events

appeal to vanity

relies on people's desire to feel good about themselves

mood

shapes reader's emotional responses

author's purpose

states why the author wrote a piece: to persuade, to inform, to entertain, and to express thoughts or feelings

appeal to pity

takes advantage of people's sympathy and compression for others

appeal to fear

taps into people's fear of losing safety and security

repetition

technique when a sound, word, phrase, or line is repeated for emphasis or unity. Also enforces meaning to create a rhythm and used in poetry

rhetorical strategy

techniques used by writers to make their argument stronger and to communicate more effectively. Ex. analogy, parallelism, rhetorical questions, and repetition

author's point of view

unique combination of ideas, values, feelings, and beliefs that influences the way the writer looks at a topic

parallel structure

use of similar grammatical constructions to express ideas that are related or equal in importance

claim

writer's position on an issue or problem