Evidences Test 4- Hamilton

Which of the fifteen rules for the translators ensured that baptizo would never be translated "immerse"?

#3

In what year was the first English translation of the original Greek NT printed?

1525 (also accept 1526)

What year was the KJV published?

1611

No significant revision of the KJV took place until how many years later?

270

How many years did it take for the KJV to become generally accepted?

50 Years

What percentage of the KJV NT is attributable to Tyndale's 1526 NT?

85-90%

What is the most famous English literature written during the Old English period?

Beowulf

Identify the basic translation philosophy of the following major English versions:

CEV functional Message functional NCV functional NIV functional NLT functional ESV formal KJV formal NASB formal NKJB formal RSV formal

In the view of the instructor, the multiplicity of modern English versions is unfortunate and it would be preferable to have a single English translation.

False

The KJV was a completely new translation made fresh from the original Hebrew and Greek texts.

False

The communication of God's message to people who speak only English requires an infallible English translation.

False

The effort for English versions to be neutral in translating gender references is solely motivated by the modernist feminist agenda.

False

The translation of sara as "sinful nature" is solely motivated by a theological agenda to promote the Calvinist doctrine of total depravity.

False

What is the textual basis of the KJV NT?

Textus Receptus

What were the two most popular Bibles in the late 1500's, as preferred by the Puritans and the ecclesiastical hierarchy respectively?

Puritans: Geneva Bible Hierarchy: Bishop's Bible

What are the two honest questions that translators differ over in their opinions?

a. How much is the original meaning tied to the original form? b. How much of the work should the translator do for the reader?

Which two main English versions does the instructor believe are truly mediating versions that achieve balance between formal and functional equivalence?

a. NET (New English Translation) b. HCSB (Holman Christian Standard Bible)

What are the two basic approaches to Bible translating?

a. functional equivalence / dynamic equivalence b. formal equivalence / essentially literal

What two recommendations does the instructor make to achieve balance between the formally equivalent and functionally equivalent approaches to Bible translation?

a. have a Bible with good notes b. compare several translations

Which of the following best explains the instructor's view on whether some cultural references in the original text should be retained (i.e., through an essentially literal translation) or converted into contemporary cultural terms (i.e., through a functionally equivalent translation)?

a. retained b. converted C. IT DEPENDS

On what four bases should any English Bible be evaluated?

a. text b. loyalty c. clarity d. notes

What two recommendations does the instructor make to achieve balance between the formally equivalent (essentially literal) and functionally equivalent (dynamic) approaches to Bible translation?

a: use a Bible with notes b: consult multiple Bibles

Why does your instructor not care for the translation of sarx as "sinful nature" in Romans, Galatians, etc.?

destroys word play of contrasting flesh and spirit

What is the greatest weakness of the functionally equivalent approach?

greater latitude for misinterpretation

Who is known as "the father of the English Bible"?

William Tyndale

How many major false doctrines have originated from modern English versions?

none

What is the meaning of the Hebrew idiom "name be called over"?

ownership

List one (of three) features of English Bibles which are unrelated to translation, but which inevitably make interpretive choices that influence the reader:

paragraph/chapter/verse divisions // use of italics // printing words of Jesus in red

What is the almost universal error that English Bibles commit with John 15:2-3?

inconsistency in translating prune and clean

What is the significance of the use of "thee, thou, thy, thine, etc." in the KJV?

indicates second person singular / single "you" vs. a plural "you"

Why are euphemisms an issue in Bible translation?

some cultural references are judged crude by today's standards

Why is there a discrepancy in the English versions over how much Nicodemus's spices weighed in John 19:39?

some translations retain Roman pounds (approx. 12 oz), while others convert to modern pounds

List the basic strength and weakness of the formally equivalent approach:

strength: greater emphasis on original language weakness: less emphasis on target language

List the basic strength and weakness of the functionally equivalent approach:

strength: greater emphasis on target language weakness: greater latitude for misinterpretation

How were masses of English readers persuaded to give up their beloved KJV?

the weaknesses of the KJV just became too much

In the view of the instructor, how do the English Bible conspiracy theorists unwittingly build confidence in our modern English translations?

their best attacks are insignificant and far from decisive

What is the one thing about the goal of translation that all Bible translators can agree on?

trying to convey the meaning of the original Hebrew and Greek into meaningful English

Give one example of a passage translated according to the functionally equivalent approach, but which loses some of the meaning from the text (cite passage and loss):

1 Peter 1:13 "prepare" instead of "gird" loses connection with exodus (also loss of main command)

Who is the most famous English author during the Middle English period?

Chaucer

The publication of what Catholic English Bible in 1609-1610 (NT 1582) marked the end of the struggle for the English to have a Bible in their own language?

Douay-Rheims

What was the most popular English Bible until it was displaced by the KJV?

Geneva Bible

The earliest Bibles used in England were in what language?

Latin

What German monk contributed significantly to the factors that eventually allowed for an English Bible to be freely printed in England?

Martin Luther

Which English version does the instructor recommend for its 60,000 textual and translation notes?

NET

How often did Jesus warn or teach about the problems related to translating the OT?

Never

How many copies of the Lollard Bible were printed on the printing press?

None

What group represented the greatest political and religious threat to the authority of King James I of England, which he tried to address by having a new translation made?

Puritans

The first complete English Bible was made by whom and in what year?

Translator: John Wycliffe Year: 1382

Every English translation of the Bible is a paraphrase in the technical and scientific meaning of the word.

True

God has communicated with English-speaking people in a way that is sufficient for them to understand.

True

The KJV translators thought that their translation could and would be improved through further revision.

True

The formally equivalent (or essentially literal) approach to translation sometimes results in the loss of meaning of the original text.

True

The functionally equivalent (or dynamic equivalent) approach to translation sometimes results in the loss of meaning of the original text.

True

Those who speak of the original 1611 edition of the KJV are guilty of either oversimplification or ignorance.

True

Why is the translation of the Bible into English an unresolvable paradox? Or to put it in other words, what two things are in conflict with each other?

loyalty to original language conflicts with loyalty to target language

What was the 1st century situation regarding the number of available translations?

many versions were used

What was the most controversial feature of most of the early English Bibles?

marginal notes

List the three major weaknesses of the KJV in order of severity:

minor: inferior textual basis moderate: obsolete language major: inaccurate translations