Evolution Review
HIV evolved in the 1980's
False
There are 3 different species of squirrels found in the Grand Canyon.
False
There are 4.5 billion species of organisms on Earth.
False
Maicetus Inuus was a walking whale.
True
Gene mutations can be caused by many things. These mutations are biologically important because they
can result in a new variety of gene combinations in the species
mutations that occur in skin or lung cells have little effect on the evolution of a species because mutations in these cells
cannot be passed on to offspring
Which evolutionary tree best represents the information about the pink land iguana provided in the passage?
first cladogram
Which statement would most likely have used by Lamarck to explain the development of the long trunk in elephants?
Elephants stretched their trunks to reach food supply and this longer trunk was passed on.
Birds of Paradise live on the islands of the Galapagos.
False
Different species of birds of paradise are a result of different phermones that are released by the females.
False
Different species of fish are evolving into bigger sizes.
False
Dolphins have 2 blowholes on top of their head.
False
Dr. Beatrice Hahn found HIV viruses in gorilla stool (poop).
False
Evolution tends to occur in populations that are large.
False
Flycatchers stay reproductively isolated from one another because of different claspers.
False
HIV is a bacteria pathogen.
False
Having the sickle cell trait is a result of having the genotype: rr.
False
Reptiles evolved from fish-like creatures.
False
Small isolated popuations do random mating.
False
Small isolated populations have a lot of genetic variation.
False
The cookoo bird and Darwin's finches have coevolved together.
False
The Florida panther, a member of the cat family, has a population of fewer than 100 individuals and has limited genetic variation. Which inference based on this information is valid?
Over time, these animals will become less likely to survive in a changing environment
A bat wing and butterfly wing are examples of analogous structures.
True
All flowers turn into fruits.
True
All living things are related.
True
All living things on Earth are related.
True
Amphibians evolved from fish-like creatures.
True
Small isolated poptulation evolve.
True
Species are reproductively isolated.
True
Whales have hair.
True
The organisms that are the most related and share a common ancestor based on this cladogram include
crocodile and birds
Base your answer on which process is illustrated in the diagram below?
crossing over
Extinction of a species could result from
limited genetic variability in the species
These specialized structures on the beetle's back allow it to
obtain a substance that is required for survival
The appearance of this penguin chick with all black feathers might
result in an increase in black penguins over time if the trait provides a reproductive advantage
animals with hair include
rodents
In Dr. Conover's experiment, how many fish tanks were set-up?
3
Organisms with the greatest biochemical similarities would most likely be found in which pair of genera?
3 and 4
Which statement is most consistent with the theory of evolution as stated by Lamarck?
A cat that lost a toe produced a kitten missing a toe.
Which concept is NOT a part of the theory of evolution?
Change occurs according to the needs of an individual organism to survive.
If these two animals did have a common ancestor, which statement would best explain why there are differences in the bones?
Changes contributed to the survival of the organisms in their new environment.
Cetaceons include wales, dolphins, and sharks.
False
Charles Darwin explained evolution in terms of inheritance of acquired traits.
False
Crossing over of genes occurs during mitosis.
False
Humans evolved from chimps.
False
Hybrid animals can be considered separate species.
False
Insects and birds have a common ancestor.
False
Jean Baptiste Lamarck explained evolution in terms of survival of the fittest.
False
Meiosis is a cell division used to make body cells.
False
Multichambered stomachs are common among meat eating animals.
False
Mutations occur when the environment changes.
False
Penguins and Seals have a common ancestor.
False
The corspse flower which has coevolved to attract house flies for pollination is found in China.
False
The leading hypothesis as to how humans got the HIV virus, is that a hunter accdientally cut himself while preparing meat from an infected gorilla.
False
Warblers are invasive species introduced from the west.
False
Whales evolved from hippos.
False
When someone is a carrier for the sickle cell gene, they have the genetic disorder, sickle cell anemia.
False
Which statement would most likely be in agreement with Lamarck's theory of evolution?
Giraffes have long necks because their ancestors stretched their necks reaching for food, and this trait was passed on to their offspring.
How does the ability to produce 3000 to 6500 eggs benefit the species?
More offspring are likely to survive and reproduce.
What is the most probable reason for the decreased effectiveness of the DDT?
Mosquitoes resistant to DDT lived and produced offspring
Which statement is not included as a part of the modern theory of evolution?
New organs arise when they are needed.
Scientists attempted to determine the evolutionary relationships between three different plant species, A, B, and C. In order to do this, they examined the stems and DNA of these species. Diagram 1 represents a microscopic view of the cross sections of the stems of these three species. DNA was extracted from all three species and analyzed using gel electrophoresis.Which statement best describes the method used above to determine the evolutionary relationships between three species of bacteria?
Obtain biochemical evidence from all three species and identify similarities.
What results in variation among living things?
Sex, mutations, and crossing over.
The diagram below represents some changes that took place in a bacterial population recently exposed to an antibiotic. Which statement would best explain the presence of bacteria on day 4?
Some of the bacterial population was resistant to this antibiotic.
The diagram below represents four different species of bacteria. Which statement is correct concerning the chances of survival for these species if there is a change in the environment?
Species A has the best chance of survival because it has the most genetic diversity.
Which statement concerning the snails is correct?
The black snails had an adaptive advantage.
What happned in the tank where the large fish were removed, after 4 generations or years?
The fish evolved into smaller fish
Which statement most accurately predicts the present-day condition of these island hawk populations?
The hawks that landed on island B have evolved more than those on island A.
In 1993, there were only 30 panthers in Florida. They were all closely related and many had reproductive problems. To avoid extinction and restore health to the population, biologists introduced 8 female panthers from Texas. Today, there are more than 80 panthers in Florida and most individuals have healthy reproductive systems. Why was this tactic successful?
The introduced females increased the genetic variability of the panther population in Florida.
A population of animals is permanently split by a natural barrier into two separate populations in different environments. What will likely result after a long period of time?
The two populations will evolve into separate species.
Being fit means one can survive to reproduce.
True
Both whales and hippos are the only mammals with internal testicles
True
Canyons and oceans can create geographical isolation among a group of species.
True
Different flowers have coevolved to attract different animals for pollination.
True
Different species of crickets are reproductively isolated because of different songs.
True
Different species of squirrels found in the grand canyon developed as a result of geographical isolation.
True
Evolution occurs because the environment changes.
True
Grassland plants have evolved to depend on grazing animals.
True
Homologous structures have similar functions but different anatomy.
True
Homologous structures indicate a common ancestroy and relatedness among organisms.
True
Humans and chimps share a common ancestor.
True
Hybrid animals do not make viable gametes.
True
In the 1980's many believed a flight attendant started the AIDS disease.
True
Independent assortment occurs during meiosis.
True
It is believed that HIV originally came from a chimpanzee.
True
Reptiles evolved from amphibian-like creatures.
True
Similar environments results in similar traits.
True
The corpse flower does not have leaves.
True
The corpse flower lasts about a week before it dies.
True
The outgroup in this cladogram is the shark.
True
The patagonian hare which resides in South America and the rabbit share similar traits because they live in similar environments.
True
Traits for smaller body size among fish are more likely to get passed on to future generatons if larger fish are getting caught and eaten.
True
Vestigial structures have limited or no use.
True
Viruses are not considered living.
True
Whale DNA is most similar to that of hippos.
True
Whales evolved from 4 legged mammals.
True
Whales have bones similar to the bones in our hips which support legs.
True
Whales have finger bones in their front flippers.
True
Whether a mutation is "good" (helps you survive to reproduce), depends on the environment.
True
Which two species are the most closely related?
V and VI
What would most likely be the result of two subdivisions of a population remaining geographically isolated from each other for several hundred generations?
Variations in one subdivision would differ from variations in the other subdivision.
The presence of these bones in the baleen whale and extinct whale provides evidence of which of the following?
Whales evolved from four-legged animals.
In order to produce the first white marigold flower, growers began with the lightest yellow-flowered marigold plants. After crossing them, these plants produced seeds, which were planted, and only the offspring with very light-yellow flowers were used to produce the next generation. Repeating this process over many years, growers finally produced a marigold flower that is considered the first white variety of its species. This procedure is known as
artificial selection
A species of bird known as Bird of Paradise has been observed in the jungles of New Guinea. The males shake their bodies and sometimes hang upside down to show off their bright colors and long feathers to attract females. Females usually mate with the "flashiest" males. These observations support the concept that
behaviors that lead to reproductive success have evolved
Which pair of structures are homologous?
bones in the front leg of a dog and bones in the wing of a bat
Being reproductively isolated means
cannot reproduce with another group of organisms, cannot produce viable sperm and egg, and cannot have offspring with another group of organisms.
For these mammals, the number, position, and shape of the bones most likely indicates that they may have
developed from the same earlier species
Natural selection is best described as
differences in survival rates as a result of different inherited characteristics.
Geographic and reproductive isolation are most closely associated with
geographic isolation
What do these embryos have in common?
have nerve chords
A mouse has its tail completely cut off by a mousetrap. Which concept proposes that the offspring produced by this mouse will be born without tails?
inheritance of acquired characteristics
In 1889, August Weismann, a German biologist, conducted an experiment attempting to produce mice without tails. He cut the tails off adult mice and then permitted them to mate. All offspring had long tails. He repeated the experiment many times, always with the same results. This experiment helped to disprove the concept of
inheritance of acquired characteristics
In a sexually reproducing species, evolution could occur as a result of
modification of genes in sex cells
The diagram below represents an important biological concept. The concept being represented is...
natural selection
The role that the environment plays in determining which species survive is referred to as
natural selection
Which concept states that the presence of favorable variations enables organisms to adapt successfully to a change in the environment?
natural selection
The increase in the number of black snails can best be explained by
natural selection after an environmental change
Lamarck proposed that new organs evolved according to the
needs of the organism
In order for a species to evolve, it must be able to
reproduce successfully
Over a long period of time the organisms on an island changed so that they could no longer interbreed with the organisms on a neighboring island. This inability to interbreed is known as
reproductive isolation
One negative consequence of using an insecticide is that it
selects for insecticide-resistant organisms.
Crossing over and independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis, is associated with
sexual reproduction
According to these data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to
species IV
The theory of evolution states that
species change over time, sometimes developing into new species
A genetic change that occurs in a body cell of a mouse will not contribute to the evolution of the species because
the evolution of a species can result from changes in reproductive cells, not body cells
Which fish tank was the control group without the variable?
the tank where fish were removed at random
If an ecosystem is changed through a natural disaster, organisms will have the best chance of survival if
their species exhibits genetic variation
The embryos of fish, chickens, and pigs have gill slits and a tail. The presence of these features suggests that
these animals may have had a common ancestor
The fact that all of these organisms contain Cytochrome C could lead to the inference
these organisms have all evolved from an ancestor that produced Cytochrome c
What do grazing animals do for plants?
till the soil, fertilize the soil with dung, and remove excess vegetation.
A group of organisms became reproductively isolated from its original population due to geographic separation. This group would most likely be
unable to successfully interbreed with its original population
During meiosis, crossing-over (gene exchange between chromosomes) may occur. crossing-over usually results in
variation within the species