Exam 1- Chapter 1, 3-5

The absolute threshold for vision involves the smallest level of photons that a person can detect at least?

50%

Any behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is most likely to be repeated.

False

Find the correct definition for positive reinforcement?

Strengthens a behavior by presenting a desired stimulus after a behavior

The Trichromatic Theory of Color Vision reacts respectively to red, green, and __________ light.

blue

Classical conditioning is the association of voluntary responses with a new stimulus.

false

Sleep apnea is when a person falls asleep suddenly and irresistibly.

false

The final stage of sleep is stage 2.

false

A Student survives a plane crash that occurred because of a thunderstorm. Now, whenever the student hears thunder, he gets anxious. What is the UCR ( unconditioned response)? Find the correct word that corresponds to the UCR.

fear of plane crash

A Student survives a plane crash that occurred because of a thunderstorm. Now, whenever the student hears thunder, he gets anxious. What is the CR ( Conditioned response)? Find the correct word that corresponds to CR.

fear of thunder

Doing 20 sit-ups to keep fit?

fixed ratio

Which theory refers to the human mind and behavior as a whole?

gestalt

The four basic sensations that human can react to are hot, cold, _________, and _______________.

pain, pressure

Biological rhythms are the natural cycle of change in our body's chemicals or functions. It's like an internal master "clock" that coordinates the other clocks in your body.

true

Night terrors are frightening dream-like experiences that occur during the deepest stages of NREM. More severe than nightmares but are seldom remembered.

true

Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, and enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.

true

Reinforcement can fall into positive and negative effects.

true

The school psychologist is a qualified member of school teams that support students' ability to learn and teachers' ability to teach.

true

The unconscious level is a description of ideas and feelings that are not available to awareness. Feelings, thoughts, urges, and emotions that our conscious mind wants to hide, buried into the unconscious mind, influence some of our unexplained behavior.

true

Time out is a form of behavioral modification that involves temporarily separating a person from an environment where unacceptable behavior has occurred.

true

The five taste that human can detect are sweet, bitter, salty, sour and__________?

umami

Playing a slot machine?

variable-ratio

Mia works directly in the mental health field with patients. She works with patients one-on-one and also in a group setting. One of her job responsibilities is diagnosing and treating patients with various different mental disorders. What type of psychologist is Mia?

Clinical

Kevin arrived at the session on time. Kevin walked into the room with his head down. He was wearing a black shirt and white pants. Kevin sat down and had his hands fold together. He cried during the session. Kevin, then spoke in a loud tone as he expressed his feelings about his relationship with his girlfriend. This statement is not an observation

False

Carlo has difficulty falling asleep and doesn't sleep until 4 am in the morning. What kind of sleep problem does Carlo have?

Insomnia

Who discovered classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov

A Student survives a plane crash that occurred because of a thunderstorm. Now, whenever the student hears thunder, he gets anxious. What is the UCS ( unconditioned stimulus)? Find the correct word that corresponds to the UCS.

Plane Crash

Giving a child a compliment or candy for a job well done is?

Positive Reinforcement

During ________sleep, the body and brain go through several changes, including rapid movement of the eyes, fast and irregular breathing, Increased heart rate (to near waking levels), changes in body temperature, and increased blood pressure.

REM

Learning is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice.

True

Preconscious is when all mental activities are not presently active but stored somewhere in our memory. It can be easily accessed when required. Ideas you are not consciously thinking of but could recall if someone asked about them.

True

Psychoanalysis is the name given to the theory of personality and to the method of therapy originated by Sigmund Freud.

True

Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. It encompasses the biological influences, social pressures, and environmental factors that affect how people think act, and feel.

True

Taking a pain reliever to reduce pain?

negative reinforcement

A student sometimes got A's on his midterm exams last year when he used his green pen to write the exams. Now he always takes his lucky green pens to exams. How did the student's superstitious behavior arise?

operant conditioning

A Student survives a plane crash that occurred because of a thunderstorm. Now, whenever the student hears thunder, he gets anxious. What is the CS ( Conditioned stimulus)? Find the correct word that corresponds to the CS.

thunder