Exam 1 Homework Questions

Anaphase II

Sister chromatids separate

Prophase II

Spindle fibers reform

Telophase II

Telophase II and cytokinesis produces four cells

What are the functions of mitotic cell division?

Cell regeneration, asexual reproduction, organism growth

Reasons why meiosis typically produces genetic variation whereas mitosis does not:

-Meiosis produces four genetically different haploid cells -Gametic chromosomes have a different combination of alleles than parental chromosomes as a result of independent assortment -Genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes in meiosis during crossing over

Joe has classic hemophilia, an X-linked recessive disease. He could have inherited the hemophilia gene from:

Maternal grandmother Maternal grandfather

If two people have normal pigmentation, what possible phenotypes may be observed in their offspring? (Normal pigmentation A is dominant over albinism a)

Normal pigmentation or albinism

Which of the following are products of cell division by mitosis?

Two cells genetically identical to the original cell

Which of the following can be concluded from Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants?

Alleic combinations for different genes may differe between parents and their offspring Only one allele determines the phenotype in heterozygous individuals

How did Mendel use self-pollination and cross-pollination techniques in his experiments with flower color to observe the basic patterns of inheritance?

By cross-pollinating a parental generation of plants with different colored flowers and allowing the F1 gneration to self-pollinate, Mendel observed the basic patterns of inheritance in the F2 generation

Somatic cells of a rat contains 42 chromosomes (2n=42). How many chromsomes and how many DNA molecules would the primary oocyte of this rat have?

Chromosomes = 42 DNA Molecules = 84

Interphase

Chromosomes replicate

Prophase I

Crossing over happens between homologous chromosome pairs

Telophase I

Cytokinesis forms two cells

What happens during metaphse II of meiosis?

Sister chromatids are distributed in a single layer across the center of the cell

Metaphase II

Sister chromatids line up in the center of the cell

What happens during anaphase II of meiosis?

Sister chromatids separate from each other and migrate to opposite ends of the cell

What happens during telophase II of meiosis?

The nuclear membrane begins to form around haploid sets of chromosomes

How is a true breeding purple-flowered pea plant different from a hybrid purple-flowered pea plant?

They have the phenotype but different genotypes

Normal somatic cells have horses have 64 chromosomes (2n=64) match the number of chromosomes and number of DNA molecules that will be present in: G2 First polar body

32, 64

Normal somatic cells have horses have 64 chromosomes (2n=64) match the number of chromosomes and number of DNA molecules that will be present in: G2 secondary spermatocyte

32,64

In pea plans, plant height is controlled by a single autosomal dominant gene. Tall plants (H) are dominant to short plants (h). In a cross of two tall heterozygous plants, which phenotype ratio is expected from the resulting off spring? (Hh x Hh)

3:1

Fruit fly has how many pairs of chromosomes, and how many different combos are possible in the gametes?

4, 16 (4 squared = 16)

Normal somatic cells have horses have 64 chromosomes (2n=64) match the number of chromosomes and number of DNA molecules that will be present in: G2 primary oocyte

64,128

Normal somatic cells have horses have 64 chromosomes (2n=64) match the number of chromosomes and number of DNA molecules that will be present in: G1 spermatogonia

64,64

Suppose diploid mosquito is completely heterozygous at all 6 of its chromosomes (2n=6). How many different combos of gametes can be produced assuming no homologous recombo between chromosomes?

8

House fly has how many pairs of chromosomes, and how many different combos are possible in the gametes?

8, 64 (8 squared = 64)

Which fly should be crossed to a Suave male from this vial in order to generate progeny that help determine the male's genotype?

A wild-type female sibling

OCA (oculocutaneous albinism). If both parents have normal pigmentation, what are all of the possible genotypes that may be observed in their offspring?

AA, Aa, or aa

Of the following ideas postulated by Gregor Mendel, which one requires at least two genes to be demonstrated?

Genes assort independently in humans

If a fruit fly is homozygous dominant for both traits ( G gray bodies, g black bodies, N brown pigments, n yellow pigments) is crossed with a fly that is homozygous recessive for both traits, what is the predicted genotype of the offspring?

GgNn

What happens during metaphase I of meiosis?

Homologous chromosomes are randomly arranged in the middle of the cell

What happens during prophase I of meiosis?

Homologous chromosomes form and crossing over occurs between them

What happens during anaphase I of meiosis?

Homologous chromosomes separate but sister chromatids remained joined at their centromeres

Metaphase I

Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up

Anaphase I

Homologous pairs split up

Based on chromosome number, which fly (fruit vs. house) would you expect to see more genetic variation among the progeny?

House fly

Female honey bees are diploid and male honey bees are haploid. Haploid males produce sperm and can success mate with diploid females. Fertilized eggs develop into females and unfertilized develop into males. How does the process of sperm production in male honey bees differe from sperm production in other animals?

Male honey bees use mitosis, whereas other animals use meiosis

Joe has classic hemophilia, an X-linked recessive disease. He couldn't have inherited the hemophilia gene from:

Paternal grandmother Paternal grandfather

If both parents display the albino phenotype, what are all of the possible genotypes that may be observed in their offspring?

aa only