Exam 1 Meds Questions
The nurse is taking a health history on a 58-year-old client who is taking atorvastatin for high cholesterol. What assessment question should the nurse prioritize related to the safe use of this drug?
"How many alcoholic drinks do you have in a typical day or week?"
After teaching a client about prescribed statin therapy, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the client makes which statement?
"I can take the drug with grapefruit juice."
A 39-year-old nulliparous woman has been taking atorvastatin for 2 years and has now decided that she would like to become pregnant. What health education should the nurse provide to this client?
"It's important that you stop taking atorvastatin before you stop using contraception."
A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed captopril. Which instruction is important to include when teaching the client about the medication? "Take this medication on an empty stomach." "This medication will decrease your heart rate." "You can take this medication at different times each day." "The dosage will need to be evaluated each week."
"Take this medication on an empty stomach."
The nurse is providing education to an older adult client who has been prescribed atorvastatin. How should the nurse describe the common adverse effects of the drug?
"The most common side effects of atorvastatin include some mild gastrointestinal upset."
A nurse is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the consequent need for antihyperlipidemics. Treatment of high cholesterol using statins would be contraindicated in which client?
An obese male client who is a heavy alcohol user and who has cirrhosis of the liver
A 48-year-old client who experienced an MI 10 years ago is now reporting frequent episodes of angina. The physical assessment identifies the client as being tachycardic. What is the first drug of choice for the treatment of this client? Beta-blockers Calcium channel blockers Alpha-blockers Angiotensin II receptor blockers
Beta-blockers
When describing the action of atorvastatin, which would the nurse include?
Blocking the enzyme that is involved in cholesterol synthesis
A client with hypertension is prescribed metoprolol. Which assessment finding(s) on the ongoing assessment should the nurse evaluate first? Select all that apply. Cough Hyperkalemia Bradycardia Dizziness Constipation
Bradycardia Dizziness
A client is receiving captopril. Which adverse effect would the nurse caution the client about to help to promote compliance? Cough Constipation GI irritation Photosensitivity
Cough
The pharmacology instructor is discussing management of hypertension using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. According to the instructor, ACE inhibitors are considered first-line antihypertensive agents for clients with what disease or condition? Diabetes mellitus Asthma Glaucoma Unstable angina pectoris
Diabetes mellitus
A female client presents to the health care provider's office with recurrence of her "hot flashes." The nurse understands that the client is taking what drug to treat her dyslipidemia?
Niacin
The nurse is preparing to teach a client about HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors. The nurse should prepare to point out which instruction(s)? Select all that apply.
Photosensitivity can occurThe drug should be continued even if the client feels better.Juices other than grapefruit juice are okay to use.Statins should be administered in the evening
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are classified as which pregnancy category?
Pregnancy Category X
The client has been prescribed amlodipine for hypertension. The client's blood pressure upon a revisit remains elevated. The nurse inquiries about the use of which alternative therapy? St. John's Wort Lavender Prune juice Hawthorn
St. John's Wort
On several occasions, the nurse checks a client's blood pressure. The readings are 130/79 mm Hg, 136/78 mm Hg, and 128/88 mm Hg. What term would the nurse use to document the client's blood pressure? Elevated Stage 1 hypertension Stage 2 hypertension Normal
Stage 1 hypertension
A 62-year-old man has been prescribed extended-release lovastatin. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the medication:
at bedtime
How does captopril contribute to a reduction of a client's blood pressure? increasing rebel excretion of sodium and water blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II blocking the blood pressure-raising effects of angiotensin II dilating peripheral arteries and relaxing vascular smooth muscle
blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
A client has been prescribed captopril 5 mg PO daily with the scheduled dose due at 08:00. After reviewing the client's most recent blood work, the nurse should consider withholding the dose because of what laboratory finding? low sodium levels low hemoglobin levels elevated neutrophil levels elevated potassium levels
elevated potassium levels
A client taking atorvastatin presents to the clinic reporting acute muscle pain not associated with exercise or injury. The nurse asks questions to determine if this client has been taking what contraindicated substance?
grapefruit juice
The client is diagnosed with hyperlipidemia and prescribed lovastatin. Which is the most common adverse effects of lovastatin?
headache and flatulence.
The nurse is providing drug teaching for a client who is prescribed captopril. What drug-specific adverse effect will the nurse include in the drug teaching? sedation persistent cough diarrhea hepatic dysfunction
persistent cough
A client is questioning the new prescription for a statin. The nurse should point out the statin will reduce the risk of which disorder(s) for the client? Select all that apply.
stroke transient ischemic attack
The nurse provides drug teaching to the client prescribed captopril. What statement made by the client does the nurse interpret to mean teaching has been effective? "I will monitor the effectiveness by watching for any symptoms of hypertension." "I will call my doctor if I bruise easily or become extremely tired." "I'll take the drug in the morning so that I don't have to go to the bathroom often at night." "I will increase my intake of foods high in potassium, such as bananas."
"I will call my doctor if I bruise easily or become extremely tired."
A client, prescribed amlodipine, asks how this drug works. What is the nurse's best response? "It inhibits the influx of calcium ions across cardiac and smooth muscle, dilating the coronary arteries." "Decreases the cardiac output by diuresis of sodium and water." "Increases client's perception of pain and decreases the heart rate." "Blocks conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II."
"It inhibits the influx of calcium ions across cardiac and smooth muscle, dilating the coronary arteries."
A 58-year-old man has recently been prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) in an effort to reduce his cholesterol levels. The man has acknowledged the potentially harmful effects of hyperlipidemia and is motivated to make changes to resolve this health problem. What advice should the nurse give to this client?
"It's a good idea to keep your intake of saturated fat to a bare minimum."
A male client who is an Asian executive visiting the United States presents to the emergency department with a severe headache and an elevated blood pressure. He is admitted to the hospital for treatment and regulation of his medication regimen. The client is concerned because the dosage prescribed for his antihypertensive medication is lower than what he researched on the Internet. What is an accurate response for the nurse to make? "There is an error on the prescription." "I will contact the provider immediately." "People of Asian descent excrete the drugs more rapidly, so the doses prescribed are smaller." "People of Asian descent excrete the drugs more slowly, so the doses prescribed are smaller."
"People of Asian descent excrete the drugs more slowly, so the doses prescribed are smaller."
The client receives a prescription for niacin, and the nurse is providing education about the medication. What should the nurse teach the client about possible adverse effects of the medication?
"You need to be aware that some people get very flushed skin when they take this medication."
A nurse is analyzing the medical records of several clients who have come to the clinic for a visit. The nurse determines that a client with which blood pressure readings would be identified as prehypertensive? 112/72 mm Hg 128/86 mm Hg 144/92 mm Hg 164/102 mm Hg
128/86 mm Hg
A 46-year-old client with a high body-mass index and a sedentary lifestyle has been diagnosed with hypertension after serial blood pressure readings. The clinician has opted to begin the client on captopril (Capoten). The nurse should recognize that the therapeutic effect of this drug is achieved in what way? By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle By blocking aldosterone from binding to mineralocorticoid receptors By blocking the movement of calcium ions into arterial smooth muscles By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
A client has been prescribed lovastatin for high cholesterol. The nurse's teaching plan will include a basic explanation of how the drug produces its therapeutic effect. The nurse will explain that lovastatin lowers cholesterol levels in which manner?
inhibits cholesterol syntheses.
The nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed atorvastatin. In what way will the nurse describe how the drug achieves its desired therapeutic effect?
reduces the amount of cholesterol synthesized by the liver