Chapter 1: what is science
Hypothesis
Education guess based on observations and prior knowledge
Any study done carefully and based on observation is scientific T-F
False
Anything done scientifically can be relied upon to be accurate and reliable T-F
False
Science can be done poorly T-F
False
Science can prove anything, solve any problem or answer any question T-F
Fasle
Law
Considers absolutely correct throughout the natural universe, constrained to specific conditions
Steps of the scientific Method
1. Observation 2. Hypothesis 3. Collect Data - experiments -models - observation 4. Analyze Data 5. Conclusion 6. Plan data & Collect Data
Two main types of bias is..
1.) Prejudice and preconceived ideas 2.) sampling/ measuring bias
Sample
A group of units selected to be "measure" from larger group
peer-reviewed journal
A journal that publish articles only after they have been checked for quality by several expert, objective scientist from different institutions
Researcher Bias
A prejudice presentation of material or a consistent error in estimating a value
Subjective
BIASED
Scientific Model
Combines many hypothesis's and law to explain a complex system
Measurement Bias
Is the method of data collection chosen in such a way that data collected will best match reality? • measurement taken accurately • no additions to the environment that will influence results • experiments design to isolate the effects of multiple factors
The Moral.....
It's not easy to become a theory
Objective
Not influence by feelings, interest and prejudices = UNBIASED
What is good science?
Objectivity is the key to good science
Theory
Overarching explanation of multiple laws and consistent with all verified data
Facts
Straight forward observations
Different scientist may get different solutions to the same problem T-F
True
Knowledge of what science is, what it can and cannot do, and how it works, is important for all people T-F
True
Science is concerned with understanding how nature and the physical world work, T-F
True
Independent duplication
Two or more scientist from different institutions investigate the same question separately and get similar results