Chapter 1: what is science

Hypothesis

Education guess based on observations and prior knowledge

Any study done carefully and based on observation is scientific T-F

False

Anything done scientifically can be relied upon to be accurate and reliable T-F

False

Science can be done poorly T-F

False

Science can prove anything, solve any problem or answer any question T-F

Fasle

Law

Considers absolutely correct throughout the natural universe, constrained to specific conditions

Steps of the scientific Method

1. Observation 2. Hypothesis 3. Collect Data - experiments -models - observation 4. Analyze Data 5. Conclusion 6. Plan data & Collect Data

Two main types of bias is..

1.) Prejudice and preconceived ideas 2.) sampling/ measuring bias

Sample

A group of units selected to be "measure" from larger group

peer-reviewed journal

A journal that publish articles only after they have been checked for quality by several expert, objective scientist from different institutions

Researcher Bias

A prejudice presentation of material or a consistent error in estimating a value

Subjective

BIASED

Scientific Model

Combines many hypothesis's and law to explain a complex system

Measurement Bias

Is the method of data collection chosen in such a way that data collected will best match reality? • measurement taken accurately • no additions to the environment that will influence results • experiments design to isolate the effects of multiple factors

The Moral.....

It's not easy to become a theory

Objective

Not influence by feelings, interest and prejudices = UNBIASED

What is good science?

Objectivity is the key to good science

Theory

Overarching explanation of multiple laws and consistent with all verified data

Facts

Straight forward observations

Different scientist may get different solutions to the same problem T-F

True

Knowledge of what science is, what it can and cannot do, and how it works, is important for all people T-F

True

Science is concerned with understanding how nature and the physical world work, T-F

True

Independent duplication

Two or more scientist from different institutions investigate the same question separately and get similar results