Exam 2-Biology

Average precipitation has increased by

4%

A.aegypti

Vector for west Nile and Zika

solar radiation management

a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight from the ground or large buildings and thus reduce global warming.

carbonic acid

a very weak acid formed in solution when carbon dioxide dissolves in water.

light reactions

capture sunlight and store it in high-energy molecules

The measure of the impact on climate change by a person or a company is known as their

carbon footprint

Carbon cycles naturally between

geologic and atmospheric reservoirs and living organisms.

The worldwide increase in average surface temperatures of Earth is called __________.

global warming

Carbon sinks are reservoirs that hold large amounts of carbon. Which of the following are considered to be carbon sinks?

oceans, fossil fuels deep underground, and the atmosphere

Methane versus carbon dioxide are very important greenhouse gases. However, methane can retain and release about ____ times more heat than carbon dioxide.

30

Even though there are alternate energy sources, fossil fuels are used for approximately ______ of the United States energy needs.

80%

Fossil fuels are used for approximately ______ of the United States' energy needs.

80%

Methane

A powerful greenhouse gas

Which of the following is a vector for malaria?

mosquito

The use of fertilizers contributes to which greenhouse gas to the atmosphere?

nitrous oxides

Which of the following sources of alternative energy involves using uranium or other materials to split the nucleus of an atom?

nuclear energy

When it comes to the carbon footprint, because of its required usage of land, ______ is the most costly food source.

beef

In the carbon cycle, the process of photosynthesis ______ atmospheric CO2, and cellular respiration ______ atmospheric CO2.

consumes, produces

Geoengineering (Climate engineering)

development of technology to combat climate change

Alternative Energy/Renewable Energy Source

solar, wind power, geothermal, biofuel, and hydroelectric

The light reactions of photosynthesis occur within the ______ of the chloroplast and the Calvin cycle reactions occur within the ______ of the chloroplast.

thylakoid, stroma

Coal is a fossil fuel that results from pressure being exerted on plant and animal decay for millions of years. Oil and natural gas are also fossil fuels except they

formed from microscopic plants and animals.

______ is a product of photosynthesis and is a carbon-based molecule that is the chief source of energy for most organisms.

glucose

average temperature have increased between

1.2 and 1.8 F

Which of the following describes an investigation performed by ecologists interested in studying the biosphere?

A study measuring the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace gases in the atmosphere over different seasons

Fires and volcanic activity are natural events that produce _____.

Carbon dioxide

2 main forms of climate engineering

Carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management

Lionfish have been introduced to the Caribbean where they are not native and have impacted the natural food chain. This is an example of a negative impact at the

Community level

A carbon atom can form a max of up to _______ bonds with other atoms.

Four

greenhouse gases

Gases in Earth's atmosphere that trap heat near the surface

Which source of alternative energy relies on heated water close the Earth's surface and is used to supply 90% of the electricity needs in Iceland?

Geothermal

Which of the following statements correctly explains the greenhouse effect?

Greenhouse gases absorb infrared radiation emitted by the planet's surface. This trapped heat energy is released slowly back into the atmosphere.

greenhouse effect

Natural situation in which heat is retained in Earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases

One way to remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

Reforestation

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are connected by

The carbon cycle

geothermal energy uses heat generated by

The earths water

Which statement below best summarizes the overall purpose of the light-dependent reactions?

The light-dependent reactions capture the energy from the sun and transfer it to high-energy molecules.

A.albopictus

Vector for malaria

Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP's)

a projection of greenhouse gas emissions

Calvin Cycle

light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar

Which part of solar energy is important in photosynthesis?

visible spectrum of light

The most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is

water vapor